首页期刊导航|Oncology letters.
期刊信息/Journal information
Oncology letters.
Spandidos Publications]
Oncology letters.

Spandidos Publications]

1792-1074

Oncology letters./Journal Oncology letters.
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    Current progress in CAR-T cell therapy for tumor treatment

    Chen, LeiXie, TingWei, BingDi, Da-Lin...
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells are a type of tumor immunotherapy that is a breakthrough technology in the clinical treatment of tumors. The basic principle of this method is to extract the patient's T cells and equip them with targeting recognition receptors of tumor cells and return them to the patient's body to recognize and kill tumor cells specifically. Most CAR-T cell therapies treat hematological diseases such as leukemia or lymphoma and achieved encouraging results. The safety and effectiveness of CAR-T cell technology in solid tumor treatment require to be improved, although it has demonstrated promising efficacy in treating hematological malignancies. It is worth noting that certain patients may experience fatal adverse reactions after receiving CAR-T cell therapy. At present, the difficulty of this therapy mainly lies in how to reduce adverse reactions and target escape effects during the course of treatment. The improvement of CAR-T cell therapy mainly focuses on improving CAR-T structure, finding suitable tumor targets and combining them with immune checkpoint inhibitors to the enhance efficacy and safety of treatment. The problems in the rapid development of CAR-T cell therapy provide both obstacles and opportunities. The present review elaborates on the clinical application of CAR-T cell technology to provide a reference for clinical practice and research on tumor treatment.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Androgen receptor axis-targeted agents are not superior to conventional hormonal therapy for treatment of metastatic prostate cancer

    Yoshida, TetsuyaJohnin, KazuyoshiKawauchi, AkihiroKageyama, Susumu...
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：The present study aimed to use real-world Japanese data to compare the treatment outcome of conventional hormonal therapy to that of using androgen receptor axis-targeted (ARAT) agents for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The overall survival between the conventional hormonal therapy group and the ARAT agent therapy group was compared using a group of 75 Japanese patients who were treated for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. A subgroup analysis was carried out and the risk factors that affected overall survival (OS) were determined. The median OS from the time of prostate-specific antigen recurrence was 73.1 months in the ARAT group and 45.2 months in the conventional treatment group (P=0.414). Although OS tended to be slightly longer in the ARAT group, the difference between the groups was not significant. Subgroup analysis suggested that the therapeutic outcome of using ARAT agents tended to be less beneficial in patients who were older, and in those with a higher tumor volume or low Gleason grade. In conclusion, use of ARAT agents did not impart a significant survival benefit to patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer when compared with survival rates in response to conventional therapy. However, there was some clinical benefit when ARAT agents were used after patients developed castration-resistant prostate cancer. These findings suggest that up-front therapy using ARAT agents at the time of the initial hormone therapy can impart clinical benefit in Japanese patients with metastatic prostate cancer.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    KDM5B expression in cisplatin resistant neuroblastoma cell lines

    Belhajova, MariePodhorska, NataliaVicha, AlesEckschlager, Tomas...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Chemoresistance is a major problem in successful cancer therapy. Lysine-specific demethylase 5B (KDM5B), is a member of the KDM5 family of histone demethylases, whose dysregulation has been observed in numerous types of cancer and plays a role in drug tolerance. The present study examined KDM5B expression in high risk neuroblastoma cell lines. Its level was markedly reduced in cisplatin-resistant cells, UKF-NB-4(CDDP), compared with parental sensitive cells UKF-NB-4. Moreover, KDM5B-silencing did not affect either viability nor the response to CDDP in resistant cells, and led to increase of proliferation and migration in CDDP resistant cells but not in sensitive ones. Compliant with these results, short interfering KDM5B transfection resulted in increased S phase in resistant cells. Overall, these findings suggested that KDM5B may be involved in the survival mechanisms of neuroblastoma cells, which makes KDM5B a promising factor for the prediction of sensitivity to CDDP that should therefore be considered for future research.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    MicroRNA-181b-5p insufficiency predicts treatment response failure risk and unfavorable event-free survival as well as overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia patients

    Lu, HuinaDing, YiDong, YanLuo, Xiu...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：The present study aimed to explore the correlation of microRNA (miR)-181b-5p expression with treatment response and long-term prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. miR-181b-5p was detected in the bone marrow of 84 AML patients before therapy. After induction therapy, the patients exhibiting complete remission (CR) were recorded. Next, event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. miR-181b-5p had excellent potential to discriminate AML patients from healthy donors [area under the curve (AUC): 0.922, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.873-0.971)]. In addition, miR-181b-5p expression was decreased in AML patients with the FLT3-ITD mutation (P=0.032) or WT1 mutation (P=0.017) when compared to AML patients without these genetic mutations. Meanwhile, miR-181b-5p expression was negatively correlated with the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk classification of AML (P=0.036). Furthermore, miR-181b-5p expression was elevated in CR AML patients compared to non-CR AML patients (P=0.030). Moreover, higher miR-181b-5p expression was associated with favorable accumulating EFS (P=0.001) and OS (P=0.024). In addition, higher miR-181b-5p expression was independently associated with better EFS (hazard ratio: 0.698, P=0.012). In conclusion, miR-181b-5p insufficiency is associated with induction therapy response failure, unfavorable accumulating EFS and OS in AML patients.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Age does matter in adolescents and young adults vs. older adults with lung adenocarcinoma: A retrospective analysis comparing clinical characteristics and outcomes in response to systematic treatments

    Zhou, LinLi, HuiwuYang, Shuhui
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type of lung cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAs; <50 years of age). However, few clinical trials that have investigated systematic treatments regard AYAs as a special cohort, and the differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between AYAs and older adults is still unclear. The present study compared clinical characteristics, targetable genomic mutations, toxicity, efficacy and prognostic response to systematic treatments in AYAs (n=251) and older adults (n=1,098) who were diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma between January 2013 and December 2017 at YueBei People's Hospital (Shaoguan, China). Compared with older adults, AYAs with lung adenocarcinoma were more frequently female and non-smokers, with a higher ratio of patients receiving chemotherapy and targeted therapy, and fewer untreated. More AYAs harbored targetable genomic mutations, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) mutations, while more older adults harbored KRAS proto-oncogene GTPase mutations. EGFR L858R was significantly more prevalent among older adults, while 19Del was common in AYAs. AYAs showed a higher objective response rate (ORR) and a lower grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) percentage following systematic chemotherapy, but shared a similar ORR and grade 3-4 TRAE percentage with older adults following targeted therapies. AYAs experienced a shorter progression-free survival time following EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment due to the higher number of metastatic organs at the time of the initial cancer diagnosis. However, there was a survival advantage of AYAs over older adults in terms of the response to systemic chemotherapy, and an age of <50 years was indicated as one of the positive predictors for OS time. Overall, AYAs with lung adenocarcinoma harbored distinctive clinical and genomic characteristics, and exhibited PFS and OS disadvantages following first-line EGFR-TKIs and advantages following systematic chemotherapy. However, the age-related difference in prognosis existed solely in patients who received systematic chemotherapy.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Six autoantibodies as potential differential biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma vs. liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis: A prospective multi-institutional study

    Okada, ReiOtsuka, YuichiroYokosuka, OsamuKato, Naoya...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Serum autoantibodies respond not only to tumor-associated antigens of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) but also to those of liver cirrhosis (LC) and chronic hepatitis (CH). The present prospective multi-institutional study evaluated the diagnostic properties of six autoantibodies in distinguishing HCC from LC and CH. A total of 416 participants were enrolled: 149 With HCC, 76 with LC, 103 with CH and 88 healthy controls. Titers of serum autoantibodies to Sui1, RalA, p62, p53, c-myc and NY-ESO-1 were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. All six antibodies were positive for HCC: s-Sui1-Abs (44%), s-RalA-Abs (23%), s-p62-Abs (21%), s-p53-Abs (13%), s-c-myc-Abs (11%) and s-NY-ESO-1-Abs (6%). The positivity rates of all six antibodies combined were 5% for healthy controls, 52% for CH, 58% for LC and 66% for HCC. The positivity rates of s-Sui1-Abs, s-RalA-Abs and s-p53-Abs were higher for HCC compared with those of LC and CH. However, the positivity rates of s-p62-Abs, s-c-myc-Abs and s-NY-ESO-1-Abs for HCC were not higher compared with those for LC and CH. Overall, autoantibodies were useful in differentiating patients with HCC from healthy individuals. However, they were not specific to HCC and were also present in the sera of individuals with CH and LC. These autoantibodies may be induced during the development of HCC. Clinical trial registration number: UMIN000014530 (date of registration 2011/07/11).
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Clinicopathological characteristics predicting advanced stage and surgical margin invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A single-center study on 10 years of cancer registry data

    Rahadiani, NurHabiburrahman, MuhammadHandjari, Diah RiniStephanie, Marini...
    22页
    查看更多>>摘要：The incidence profile of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has not previously been comprehensively reported in Indonesia. The present study aimed to identify clinicopathological characteristics of patients with OSCC according to sex and age, to analyze histological differentiation patterns specific to tumor subsites, to highlight the role of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in metastasis, and to develop a model to predict advanced stage and margin invasion. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using 581 medical records and pathological specimens from cancer registry data in the Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (Jakarta, Indonesia), between January 2011 and December 2020. Clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric tests. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed for eligible parameters, identified using bivariate analysis, to predict advanced stage and margin invasion. Calibration of the prediction model was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, its discrimination value assessed using the receiver operating characteristic and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Sex-specific patterns in tumor subsites and differences in clinical staging according to age were demonstrated in the patients with OSCC. The proportion of well-differentiated cases was significantly higher in most tumor subsites, except in the buccal mucosa (more moderately differentiated cases) and floor of the mouth (well and moderately differentiated cases being equal). LVI was significantly associated with nodal metastasis but not distant metastasis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age <= 45 years [odds ratio (OR), 2.26] and LVI (OR, 8.42) predicted patients having advanced-stage OSCC among general populations (AUC, 0.773); however, LVI (OR, 8.28) was the sole predictor of advanced stage amongst young patients (AUC, 0.737). Margin invasion was predicted solely by tumor subsite, including mouth not otherwise specified (OR, 3.04) and palate (OR, 6.13), in the general population (AUC, 0.711). Furthermore, margin invasion was predicted by the palate subsite (OR, 38.77) and LVI (OR, 11.61) in young patients (AUC, 0.762). Investigating young patients thoroughly when finding SCC in the mouth and palate, and assessing LVI, especially among young patients, is critical to prevent advanced staging and margin invasion.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Long-term survival in a patient with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer treated with multiple courses of salvage stereotactic radiation after whole brain radiotherapy: A case report

    Vucetic, AndreaAhmad, BelalTang, Terence
    5页
    查看更多>>摘要：Intracranial recurrence following initial cranial irradiation for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) can often be a treatment dilemma given the aggressive nature of the disease, the overall poor prognosis and concerns regarding re-treatment toxicity. The present report describes the case of a 62-year-old man diagnosed with ES-SCLC and synchronous brain metastases who initially underwent whole brain radiotherapy, chemotherapy and consolidative thoracic radiotherapy. The patient was found to have a solitary intracranial recurrence at both 3.5 and 6 years after his diagnosis. On both occasions, the patient received salvage stereotactic radiation, 30 Gy in 5 fractions, and continues to remain functionally independent. Overall, the present case demonstrates that with the appropriate patient selection, aggressive local salvage of recurrent intracranial ES-SCLC with stereotactic radiation can yield excellent and durable clinical outcomes.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    Roles of ABCA1 in cancer

    Zou, LongweiLei, XiaoyongYang, XiaoyanWu, Kun...
    7页
    查看更多>>摘要：Studies have indicated that anticancer drugs targeting cholesterol metabolism have clinical significance. From the perspective of the mechanism of cholesterol excretion from cells, ATP-binding cassette (ABC)A1 has an essential role that cannot be ignored. ABCA1 is located on the cell membrane and able to mediate the efflux of lipids, such as intracellular cholesterol, thereby initiating reverse cholesterol transport to reduce the intracellular cholesterol level. Therefore, inducing the expression of ABCA1 may become a new breakthrough point in cancer therapy.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    miR-150 is downregulated in osteosarcoma and suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting ROCK1 (Retraction of Vol 13, Pg 2191, 2017)

    Li, Chang-HuiYu, Teng-BoQiu, Hong-WeiZhao, Xia...
    1页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL