查看更多>>摘要：Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), is an important pest of several vegetable crops. Detection and monitoring of this pestiferous species rely heavily upon male lure or parapheromone cue lure. Consuming natural male lure compounds by males of tephritid fruit flies enables them to mate more successfully within their female choice mating systems. Here, we studied the olfactory behavioural response of mature male and female melon flies to body volatiles of cue lure fed and unfed mature male melon fliesand protein fed immature male and female, protein unfed mature male and female melon flies body volatile. Olfactometer assay results revealed that female melon flies were highly attracted towards the cue lure fed male flies body volatile and male melon flies towards the cue lure unfed male flies body volatile. Our study also revealed the chemical composition of body volatiles collected from the aforesaid treatments and N-(3-Methylbutyl) acetamide was found to be abundant in the body volatile samples.
查看更多>>摘要：The red palm mite (RPM), Raoiella indica Hirst (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) is an imperative pest of coconut, date palm, other palm species (infesting over 32 species of palms) and bananas, heliconias, gingers, beans, and durian in diverse parts of the world. It is considered that the pest has serious consequences for the coconut, ornamental palms and banana industries of the Caribbean islands. Damage to coconuts results in 70 per cent yield reduction and possibly job losses leading to a major socio-economic problem for some of the islands. Hence, survey was conducted in Trinidad and Tobago, West Indies to determine the status of red palm mite, the extent of damage, the population levels of RPM and its natural enemy’s fauna. Comments on the various aspects are presented.
查看更多>>摘要：Field experiment on effectiveness of different biorational insecticides against mealybug (Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green) and spiralling whitefly (Aleurodicus disperses Russel) and their safety to natural enemies in guava were carried out at Experimental Farm, Division of Entomology and Nematology, IIHR, Bangalore, India during 2015-16. All the treatments were significantly superior over untreated check. Results indicated that the maximum reduction of mealybug population was recorded in the treatmentof organic salt 30 WS @ 5 ml/l (2.32 mealy bugs/three shoots) followed by spinosad 45 SC @ 0.2 ml/l (2.45 mealy bugs/three shoots) after first and second spray respectively. Whereas less population of spiralling whitefly was recorded in spinosad treatedplot (2.06 spiralling whiteflies/three leaves). Safety of natural enemy’s concern dimethoate 30 EC @1.6 ml/l, azadirachtin 10000 ppm @1 ml/l and Neem soap @ 10 g/l were found to be more harmful to coccinellid beetles and recorded very less beetle population, while Organic salt 30 WS @ 4 ml/l, L. lecanii @ 2 g/l and spinosad 45 SC @ 0.2 ml/l were the safest chemicals.
查看更多>>摘要：Aphis gossypii, Bemisia tabaci, Thrips tabaci are important sucking pests of horticultural crops. Fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana is known to cause high infection in sucking pest populations. The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the safety of oil formulation of fungal pathogen B. bassiana (Bb 112) available at the Department of Agricultural Entomology, TNAU, Coimbatore against the eggs and grubs of Chrysoperla zastrowi sillemi under laboratory condition. The safety studies of B. bassiana to the eggs of C. zastrowi sillemi revealed that egg hatchability was 66.88 per cent in the highest dose of Bb 112 (10~8 spores ml~(-1)) and per cent hatchability increased with lower doses of Bb 112. In case of grubs, survival was 95.71 per centat 10~4 spores ml~(-1) and it declined with increased spore load. Further research should focus on development of efficient mass production systems, formulation, and delivery systems of fungal pathogens.
KAVITA HEGDEC. M. KALLESHWARASWAMYVENKATARAVANAPPA
9页
查看更多>>摘要：Potato virus Y (PVY) is the most important viral disease, having the highest economic impact on potato production worldwide including India. Green peach aphid, Myzus persicae is considered as the most efficient, cosmopolitan and commonly abundant aphid vector for PVY. The present study was conducted to know the effect of different crop labelled insecticides on aphid population and virus spread. The results revealed that thiamethoxam 25 WG was superior in reducing aphid population (3.67) which was followed by imidacloprid 17.8 SL (4.47). DAC-ELISA recorded lower spread of PVY in thiamethoxam 25 WG and imidacloprid 17.8 SL treated plots. Overall, the study revealed that insecticides were efficient in reducing aphid population, which are the vectors ofthis virus, but could not completely limit the virus spread in the field.
查看更多>>摘要：Estimating the number of eggs in a mealybug ovisac (= egg sac) is not only tedious but time consuming. Here, we explain a simple method to estimate the number of eggs in a mealybug ovisac using the ovisac parameters viz., length, width, weight. When subj ected to correlation analysis these parameters revealed significant association (P = 0.01) between number of eggs per ovisac with ovisac length (r=0.81) and weight (r=0.69) but not with ovisac width. Further detailed step-wise regression analyses revealed that ovisac length (cm) and ovisac weight (mg) together can predict variability in the number of eggs to the tune of 72% (-110.45 + 897.61 x_1 + 28.72 x_2; F =46.63; edf =36; P <0.0001). Further, ovisac length alone could predict the egg number tothe tune of 66% (F = 70.42; edf = 36; F<0.0001). This method can speed up the mealybug egg estimation vis a vis population in both field as well as laboratory conditions.
N. R. PRASANNAKI MARK. L. MANJUNATHAP. SHIVARAMA BHAT
4页
查看更多>>摘要：Temperature is one of most important abiotic factors that play an important role in population dynamics of insects. It directly influences the rate of development of insects. Experiment was conducted to assess the effect of temperature on rate of development of chilli thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, an important sucking pest which causes serious loss to chilli crop. Rate of development of S. dorsalis was studied at three temperature regimes i.e,19± 1°C, 21± 1°C, 25± 1°C, 29± 1°C, 32± 1°C and 35°C ± 1°C. A direct relationship between temperature and rate of growth of different life stages of 5'. dorsalis was observed. Whereas, an inverse association with developmental period of different life stages of S. dorsalis was found. The regression equation between temperature and development rate were developed for each stage of the insect. Thermal constant for egg, larva and pupa were determined as 147, 142.85 and 43.47 degree days (DD), respectively with corresponding developmental threshold being 16, 7.14 and 16.13°C. Accordingly 332 DD are required for S. dorsalis to complete one generation. The developed thermal constants will be useful in estimating S. dorsalis development and would help in timely action for effective management pest.
查看更多>>摘要：An EC formulation of sweet flag (Acorus calamus ) was tested for insecticidal activity against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis. All the concentrations of formulation imparted an oviposition deterrence in the range of 48.85±2.86 to56.79±1.50 per cent. The highest reduction in hatchability of 91.11 per cent was observed in 8.0 per cent concentration of Sweet flag EC. The 8.0 per cent concentration of formulation resulted in a mortality of 79.98 percent on neonate larvae. Per centpupation and adult emergence was also low in 8.0 percent concentration. The increase in concentration of Sweet flag EC resulted in a decrease in per cent parasitisation as well as emergence rate of Trichogramma pretiosum and T. chilonis.
C. N. LAKSHMINARAYANA REDDYH. SAMATAG. KESHAVAREDDY
8页
查看更多>>摘要：The efficacy of different insecticides, botanical and bio-agents against jasmine bud worm, Hendecasis duplifascialis Hampson revealed that flubendiamide 39.35%SC @ 0.3ml/l, profenophos 50%EC @ 1.5ml/l and cypermethrin 5%EC @ 0.4ml/l emerged as most promising treatments in managing bud worm from three trials during July to September, 2018. Thiacloprid21.7% SC @ 1.5 ml/lt and thiodicarb 75 WP@ lg/1 had moderate effect in bringing down bud worm infestation. Among bio-agents, Beauveria bassiana lx 10~8 spores/ml @ 1ml/l proved better than Bacillus thuringenesis 17,600IU/mg@1 ml/l and also chemical insecticide treatments viz., thiacloprid and thiodicarb in controlling bud worm and relatively safe to farmers and workers who were involved in buds harvesting on a daily basis. Azadirachtin 0.5% @3ml/lt did not give satisfactory reduction in bud worm damage.
查看更多>>摘要：An oil based formulation of Metarhizium anisopliae developed by ICAR- Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, for leafhopper management in mango, was evaluated for its safety to mango pollinators. The effect on pollinators was comparedwith a botanical (azadirachtin 1 %) and a chemical (imidacloprid 17.8 SL) insecticide. Four species of pollinators, viz., Apis florea, Apis cerana, Eristalis arvorum and Chrysomya megacephala were recorded as major foragers on mango. Results indicated that, after spraying the pollinator activity was significantly higher on trees treated with entomopathogen (biological control) compared to those on botanical and insecticide treated ones. There was no significant reduction in pollinator activity on M. anisopliae treated plants compared to untreated control. The frequency of visitation by C. megacephala, was also highest in biological control treatment than in chemical and botanical respectively. This indicates that application of the oil based formulation of M. anisoplaie developed by ICAR-IIHR to manage leafhoppers and thrips on mango does not affect the pollinator activity and is safe to pollinators.
NSTL