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Journal of Renewable Materials
Scrivener Publishing LLC
Journal of Renewable Materials

Scrivener Publishing LLC

2164-6325

Journal of Renewable Materials/Journal Journal of Renewable MaterialsEISCIISTP
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    Review of Microplastic Pollution In the Environment and Emerging Recycling Solutions

    Neeti GandhiTaofeng LuGregory Reimonn
    18页
    查看更多>>摘要：Microplastic pollution represents a side-effect stemming from a global plastic waste mismanagement problem and includes degraded particles or mass produced plastic particles less than 5 mm in largest dimension. The small nature of microplastics gives this area of pollution different environmental concerns than general plastic waste in the environment. The biological toxicity of particles, their internal components, and their surface level changes all present opportunities for these particles to adversely affect the environment around them. Thus, it is necessary to review the current literature surrounding this topic and identify areas where the study of microplastic can be pushed forward. Here we present current methods in studying microplastics, some of the ways by which microplastics affect the environment and attempt to shed light on how this research can continue. In addition, we review current recycling methods developing for the processing of mixed-plastic waste. These methods, including hydrothermal processing and solvent extraction, provide a unique opportunity to separate plastic waste and improve the viability of the plastics recycling industry.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press

    Value-Added Utilization of Agro-Waste Derived Oil Palm Ash in Epoxy Composites

    Samsul RizalFizree, H. M.Chaturbhuj K. Saurabh
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Oil palm ash (OPA) is an agro-industry waste and it has disposable problems. In the present study, an effort was made for value addition to OPA by incorporating it as a micro-filler in different concentration (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%) and sizes (100, 200, and 300 mesh size particles) in the epoxy matrix. Prepared micro OPA was having a crystallinity index of 65.4%, high inorganic elements, and smooth surface morphology. Fabricated composites had higher void content as compared to neat epoxy matrix. Mechanical properties of fabricated composites had a maximum value at 30% loading of 300 mesh-size filler due to its low void content and size as compared to filler of 100 and 200 mesh size. Further increase in the concentration of OPA filler after 30 wt% of loading leads to the agglomeration of OPA microparticles and thereby resulted in the reduction of mechanical characteristics such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength and flexural modulus of the composites. However, elongation at break decreased with increase in filler content at all percentage. Thermal stability and char residue percentage of composite increased with the concentration of filler at all percentage. Surface morphology of composite showed that OPA incorporation lead towards its roughness and cracks were originated from the site of OPA embedded in the epoxy matrix. The 300 mesh-size particles were having the best effect on composite as compared to 100 and 200 mesh-size filler.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press

    Electrochemical Performance of Starch-Polyaniline Nanocomposites Synthesized By Sonochemical Process Intensification

    Narsimha PandiShirish H. SonawaneSarang P. Gumfekar
    15页
    查看更多>>摘要：The present study deals with the intensified synthesis of starch-polyaniline (starch-PANI) nanocomposite using an ultrasound-assisted method. Starch is a key component in this nanocomposite, which acts as a backbone of the nucleation of PANI. The Electrochemical property of the nanocomposite arises due to the addition of PANI. This is one of green approach for the synthesis of bio nanocomposite using ultrasound. The crystallinity of the composite is evaluated using the Scherrer Formula. The starch-PANI nanocomposite was characterized by XPvD, FT-IR, Raman, XPS and TEM. The composite nanoparticles show spherical morphology. The elemental composition of starch-PANI showed O 1s peak at 546 eV, N 1s peak at 416 eV, C 1s peak at 286 eV and S 1s peak at 176 eV. The electrochemical studies of the starch-PANI electrodes are evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Starch-PANI electrode has shown the maximum specific capacitance of 499.5 F/g at 5 mV/s scan rate.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press

    Flexural Performance of CFRP-Bamboo Scrimber Composite Beams

    Xizhi WuXueyou HuangXianjun Li
    13页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study presents a new structure made up of bamboo scrimber and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) to address the low stiffness and strength of bamboo scrimbers. Three-point bending test and finite element model were conducted to study the failure mode, strain-displacement relationship, load-displacement relationship and relationships between strain distribution, contact pressure and deflection, and adhesive debonding. The results indicated that the flexural modulus and static flexural strength of the composite beams were effectively increased thanks to the CFRP sheets. The flexural modulus of the composite specimens were 2.33-2.94 times that of bamboo scrimber beams, and the flexural strength were 1.49-1.58 times that of bamboo scrimber beams. Adhesive debonding had a great influence on the strain distribution and deflection of the composite specimens. It was an important factor for the failure of the CFRP-bamboo scrimber composite specimens. According to the finite element simulation, the strain distribution, contact pressure and deflection also greatly changed with the adhesive debonding. After complete peeling, the deflection of the specimen was 3.09 times that of the unpeeled because it was no longer an integral beam.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press

    Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Microspheres From Waste Cotton Textiles By Hydrothermal Carbonization

    Yongfang ZhangWensheng HouHong Guo
    11页
    查看更多>>摘要：Carbon microspheres were prepared from waste cotton fibers by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) with the addition of copper sulphate in this work. The important influence factors, temperature, concentration of copper sulphate, resident time were explored here. The smooth and regular carbon microspheres could be formed at 330℃ with 0.15 wt% copper sulphate after 6 h from waste cotton fibers. The crystal structures of cotton fibers were destructed in a short resident time with 0.15 wt% copper sulphate from SEM images and XRD patterns of solid products. This strategy provides a new, mild and efficient method to prepare carbon microspheres from waste cotton fibers by HTC. FTIR spectra verified that the abundant functional groups existed on the surface of synthesized carbon microspheres. From XPS and element analysis results, the copper sulphate participated in the forming process of carbon microspheres indeed. The presence of copper sulphate in the carbon microspheres provided a possibility for the application in antibacterial field. Besides, the catalytic mechanism of copper sulphate on the hydrolysis and carbonization of waste cotton fibers were also discussed. In conclusion, the copper sulphate is an efficient agent for preparing carbon microspheres by HTC from waste cotton fibers.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press

    Preparation and Properties of Guiqi Polysaccharides/Chitosan/Alginate Composite Hydrogel Microspheres

    Xiaoliang ZhaoYuting WangXiuying Pu
    12页
    查看更多>>摘要：A series of the Guiqi polysaccharides/chitosan/alginate composite hydrogel microspheres (GPcM) with different particle sizes were prepared with Guiqi polysaccharides (GP), chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (Alg). The optimum preparation process was also determined by single factor and orthogonal experiment analysis. The GPcM were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), drug loading efficiency test (LE), encapsulation efficiency test (EE) and in vitro release study. The results showed that the Guiqi polysaccharides chitosan hydrogel (GPCH) and sodium alginate hydrogel (SAH) formed a crossover system in GPcM. The GPcM have a uniform particle size ranging from 395.1 urn to 841.5μm. The drug loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency of the GPcM were 56.3% and 72.6%, respectively. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) loaded in the GPcM released slowly within 180 h. The results suggested that the GPcM may have potential application value in drug sustained and controlled release system.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press

    Bio-Based Hyperbranched Toughener From Tannic Acid and Its Enhanced Solvent-Free Epoxy Resin with High Performance

    Jie XuJiayao YangHengxu Wang
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：It is essential to design economic and efficient tougheners to prepare high-performance epoxy resin;;however, this has remained a huge challenge. Herein, an eco-friendly, low-cost, and facile-fabricated bio-based hyperbranched toughener, carboxylic acid-functionalized tannic acid (CATA), was successfully prepared and applicated to the preparation of solvent-free epoxy resins. The mechanical performance, morphology, structural characterization, and thermal characterization of toughened epoxy resin system were studied. The toughened epoxy resin system with only 1.0wt% CATA reached the highest impact strength, 111% higher than the neat epoxy resin system. Notably, the tensile strength and elongation at break of toughened epoxy resin systems increased moderately with increasing CATA loading. Nonphase-separated hybrids with significant toughening effect were obtained. Additionally, the thermal stabilities of toughened epoxy resin systems decreased with increasing CATA loading. This study provides an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and facile approach for the preparation of high-performance, solvent-free epoxy resins with potential for practical applications in sealing integrated circuits and electrical devices fields.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press

    Fragrant Microcapsules Based on β-Cyclodextrin for Cosmetotextile Application

    Maroua Ben AbdelkaderNedra AziziAyda Baffoun
    16页
    查看更多>>摘要：Microencapsulation of neroline inside microcapsules having a polyurethane shell based on P-cyclodextrin (P-CD) and hexane diisocyanate was performed by interfacial poly condensation. The polyol nature of P-CD caused tight crosslinking of microcapsules wall. Microcapsules of neroline were characterized for their chemical composition and structure of the polyurethane shell by FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, optical and electron microscopy, light scattering and electrophoresis measurements. Core content and encapsulation yield were 15% and 60%, respectively. Spherical microcapsules of mean diameter 29 μm were slightly cationic with an isoelectric point of 6.3. Neroline-loaded microcapsules were fixed on cotton fabric using an impregnation technique. The functionalized fabric showed improved resistance to washing cycles in comparison with previously reported diol-based microcapsules. Such microcapsules display great potential for the long-lasting release of fragrance in the framework of cosmetotextile.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press

    Rapid Microwave-Assisted Ionothermal Dissolution of Cellulose and Its Regeneration Properties

    Xu WangJianhong ZhouBo Pang
    18页
    查看更多>>摘要：Introduction of the strategy of anhydrous calcium carbonate protection incorporated with the drop by drop reaction, high-purity l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim] Cl) was prepared at reaction temperature of 80℃ for only 10 h. Cellulose samples from different biomass sources (with different degree of polymerization characteristic) could be rapidly (no more than 10 minutes) and completely dissolved in the [Bmim] Cl using a microwave-assisted ionothermal route. Homogeneous cellulosic regenerates with high degree of polymerization and thermal stability characteristics were obtained through a coagulation process in water. Furthermore, the dissolved celluloses were readily regenerated into solid products such as casting films and spinning fibers, which exhibited high transparency and flexibility, as well as superior mechanical properties of over 300 MPa (tensile strength) more than those of cellulose samples reported. This study therefore provides a new process for the synthesis of high-purity [Bmim] CI for the highly efficient dissolution of cellulose to produce high performance cellulosic materials for various applications such as flexible electronic, optoelectronic, soft robots.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press

    Influence of Xyloglucan Molar Mass on Rheological Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystal/Xyloglucan Hydrogels

    Malika TaiantikiteAntoine GourlaySophie Le Gall
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Plant components are an inexhaustible source for the construction of bio-based materials. Here we report, for the first time, the elaboration of biobased cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)/xyloglucan (XG) hydrogels. XG is a hemicellulose displaying a great affinity for cellulose surface and can be thus irreversibly adsorbed on CNC. Properties of the hydrogels were investigated by varying the molar mass of XG either by enzymatic treatment with Endo-glucanase (EG2) or physical fractionation by ultrasound (US). Fractions were characterised by high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) and their monosacchari decompositions were determined. Three fractions with high, average and small molar mass, (800, 300 and 100 10~3g/mol respectively), were selected in order to tune the properties of the hydrogel. Sol-gel transition conditions were determined for each fraction by achieving phase diagram using the inverted tube method. Mechanical properties, assessed by rheology, are improved by increasing XG molar mass since elastic modulus is higher for hydrogels formed with higher molar mass fractions as well as the strain at break. Gel formation is likely due to the adsorption of XG fractions on CNC which increases the effective hydrodynamic volume of CNC leading to steric stabilization and interactions between loops and tails of XG adsorbed.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Tech Science Press