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ChemNanoMat

wiley

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    A Moisture‐Induced Electric Generator with High Output Voltage for Self‐Powered Wearable Electronics

    Vuong Dinh TrungSi ChenHong XiaToshiaki Natsuki...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Harnessing energy from ubiquitous moisture is of intense interest because of its considerable potential in self‐powered wearable electronics. However, most existing moisture‐electric generators (MEGs) have poor output voltage, which limits their application possibility. Herein, a novel moisture‐induced electric generator (MIEG) is successfully fabricated with highly‐efficient electric generation by simply bridging a graphene oxide (GO) film and a bilayer graphene oxide/graphite (GOGH) composite film by a polyvinyl alcohol‐phosphoric acid electrolyte gel. The GO film can effectively boost conductive ion diffusion in the electrolyte channel under moisture adsorption while the bilayer GOGH film enhances a potential between two electrodes and output results based on its hydrophilic GO layer and good conductive graphite layer. These availabilities result in an elevated voltage of 1.1?V and a high current of 25.4?μA (254?μA.cm?2), among the high‐level reported outputs. More excitingly, the device also extends without limit by integrating the MIEG cells into a series or parallel topology. As a breakthrough, MIEG is successfully used as a self‐powered wearable device by finger‐surface contact, proximity‐sensitive touchpads, and a human‐breathing transducer. This work not only opens a new futuristic clean power generation in moisture energy harvesting but also facilitates the development of new innovative, flexible electronics.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Amyloid‐inspired Peptide Self‐assembly/Disassembly as Intervened by Gold Nanoparticles and Polydopamine Coating to Dictate Spatiotemporal Organization

    Nimisha A. MavlankarAnand K. AwasthiJahanvi RalhanAsish Pal...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Spatiotemporal control for supramolecular polymerization has rendered a paradigm shift towards designing complex multi‐component supramolecular materials and derived nanocomposites. In this paper, we demonstrate self‐assembly/disassembly of amyloid‐inspired peptide nanostructures from Fmoc‐VFFAKK, 1 using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/cysteine mediated coupled equilibrium. We report the use of AuNPs to disaggregate the β‐sheets of the peptide nanofibers 1NF and twisted bundles 1TB to furnish dormant metastable nanoparticles. Upon cysteine mediated sequestration of the AuNPs the peptide fibers are regenerated. Such self‐assembly/disassembly of the fibers shows implication in tuning the mechanical strength of the resulting hydrogels. Further, a conformal coating of polydopamine (PDA) over the peptide fibers using the lysine amines furnishes rather robust fibers and orthogonally safeguard itself from AuNPs mediated disassembly of the fibers. Finally, such active coating with PDA having amine/quinone moieties allows selective attachment of AuNPs to furnish 1‐D organization of AuNPs over the coated peptide fibers.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Role of Pb Doping on the Thermoelectric Properties of Mg3Sb1.8‐yBi0.2Pby Alloys

    Bo ZhuXu LuLianglu HuQiang Zhang...
    6页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract In this work, we focused on the matrix material with a composition of Mg3Sb1.8Bi0.2. The effect of Pb doping on the thermoelectric properties of Mg3Sb1.8‐yBi0.2Pby (y=0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02) compounds was investigated. Mechanical alloying followed by spark plasma sintering was employed to synthesize the corresponding bulk materials. The x‐ray diffraction results indicate that the doping limit of Pb in Mg3Sb1.8Bi0.2 is 0.01～0.02. Pb doping significantly increases the carrier concentration up to >1019?cm?3, while decreasing the Seebeck coefficient. Moreover, the thermal conductivity of the matrix material is reduced upon Pb doping at 400–700?K. As a result, the thermoelectric figure of merit is improved in the low‐temperature range, and a ZT value of 0.039 is obtained for the y=0.005 sample at 500?K, which is 77% higher than that of the undoped sample.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Front Cover: Antifungal Graphene‐based Absorbers as Advanced Materials for Preventive Conservation of Cultural Objects (ChemNanoMat 12/2022)

    George GorgolisElena MessinaMaria KotsidiMaria Paola Staccioli...
    1页
      原文链接:
    • NSTL

    The Carbon Corrosion Resistance of Mesoporous PtIr Catalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

    Mingtao LiuQian WangYunqi Li
    6页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract As the main degradation mechanism, carbon corrosion behavior plays an important role to deteriorate the durability and lifetime of PEMFCs. For addressing the issue, we synthesized a novel type of mesoporous PtIr alloy catalyst through the self‐assembled composite micelles made of PS‐b‐P2VP‐b‐PEO triblock copolymer and metal acid ions (PtCl62? and IrCl62?). The strength of large ECSA and high limited current density on PtIr85?:?15 and PtIr75?:?25 catalysts could be attributed to the uniformly ordered mesoporous structure. It is beneficial to the sufficient exposure of reactive sites and the diffusion of reactants and products. The corresponding PtIr/C alloy catalysts were obtained to deposit PtIr alloys on Vulcan XC 72R. After stress cycling, the increase rate of double‐layer capacitance is the slowest on PtIr75?:?25/C and keeps the minimum values. Moreover, the increase speed of Q/HQ peak is also associated with the increased Ir content in catalyst. Here, incorporation with Ir atom has been proved as an effective method to protect the carbon corrosion behaviors.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    How External Electric Field Modulates the Rotation Energy Profiles of Dipolar Dopants Inside C70: A Theoretical Interpretation with Electrostatic Shielding Effect Incorporated

    Li ChenJingshuang DangChangwei WangYirong Mo...
    10页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Endohedral fullerenes, which can switch between distinct states with different geometries when triggered by external electric fields (EFs), can be used as logical devices at the molecular scale. However, the movement of electrons around fullerenes exerts an electrostatic shielding effect which alleviates the Coulomb force experienced by endohedral dopants, and thus must be properly evaluated for better elucidating the switching mechanism. Here we introduced new components to the energy decomposition scheme based on the block‐localized wavefunction method (i.?e., BLW‐ED), to incorporate the shielding effect explicitly. We analyzed the external EF‐driven rotation of enclosed dipolar molecules inside C70 and evaluated the magnitudes of shielding in terms of the gradients of electrostatic potential and energy. In the absence of external EF, intrinsic rotational barriers are dominated by the Pauli exchange repulsion between enclosed molecules and C70. When an external EF was applied, computations showed that only about 18% of external EFs can penetrate into the cage and interact with dipolar molecules. Thus, the shielding effect dramatically reduces the energy contribution originated from the interaction between endohedral dopants and external EFs. BLW‐ED analyses were further performed to inspect the effect of external EFs on the potential energy surfaces associated with the molecular rotation processes. Indeed, the interaction between penetrated EFs and enclosed molecules can still govern the orientational preferences of dipolar molecules and lower the rotational barrier for some dipolar molecules. But for other molecules, both the intrinsic electrostatic interaction and the Pauli repulsion respond to external EFs more sensitively and rule the changes of barrier heights and orientational preferences.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    A Nanofiber‐embedded Microfluidic Platform for Studying Neurobiology

    Donghee LeeNavatha Shree SharmaS. M. Shatil ShahriarKai Yang...
    9页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Due to their biomimetic properties, electrospun nanofibers have been widely used in neurobiology studies. However, mechanistic understanding of cell‐nanofiber interactions is challenging based on the current in?vitro culture systems due to the lack of control of spatiotemporal patterning of cells and difficulty in monitoring single cell behavior. To overcome these issues, we apply microfluidic technology in combination with electrospun nanofibers for in?vitro studies of interactions between neurons and nanofiber materials. We demonstrate a unique nanofiber embedded microfluidic device which contains patterned aligned or random electrospun nanofibers as a new culture system. With this device, we test how different topographies affect axonal growth. Also, we conduct laser based axotomy on neurons cultured on our device to investigate axonal regeneration. The proposed device could be a useful tool for investigating nerve injury mechanisms and high‐throughput screening of biomaterials or drugs for nerve repair. The knowledge obtained using this device can be applicable to design medical devices such as nerve conduits for effective nerve regeneration.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Effects of Activation Conditions on the Characteristics, Adsorption Capacity, and Energy Sorage of Carbon Aerogel from Watermelon Rind

    Phan Minh TuLa Nam PhatTong Hoang LinHuynh Cam Nguyen...
    14页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract In this work, a watermelon rind‐derived carbon aerogel (WRCA) was synthesized via a facile and green procedure including hydrothermal combined freeze‐drying and pyrolysis technique. The influences of pyrolysis conditions on the characteristics, adsorption capacity, and energy storage of the produced WRCA were thoroughly investigated under two distinctive pyrolysis conditions in N2 and CO2 media to obtain the corresponding WRCA‐N and WRCA‐C products, respectively, at different temperatures (600, 700, and 800?°C). As a result, WRCA‐N samples exhibited notable hydrophobicity with a wetting angle of 127°, showing excellent concordance with the adsorbent field. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of used coconut oil, hexane, butanol, and chloroform for WRCA‐N pyrolyzed at 800?°C (WRCA‐N800) reached 70.521, 53.506, 58.102, and 59.913?g/g, respectively, whilst the adsorption process also followed the pseudo‐first‐order kinetic model. On the other hand, WRCA‐C held up considerable hydrophilic traits and cannot be used to adsorb organic matters. Nonetheless, WRCA‐C activated at 600?°C (WRCA‐C600) indicated the best physicochemical properties and energy storage capacity with better specific capacitance (190?F/g) compared to WRCA‐N600 (31.40?F/g), thanks to its large specific surface area, high porosity (91.27 %), and higher hetero‐element O content (9.79%) than other samples. Additionally, the electrochemical characteristics of WRCA‐C600 electrode were alternatively confirmed using the 2‐electrode supercapacitor model, demonstrating a high energy density (26.38?Wh/kg) and power density (2374.50?W/kg). The obtained results demonstrate the promising applications of carbon aerogel synthesized from the watermelon rind in the adsorption and energy storage sectors.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Cation Engineering by Three‐Dimensional Organic Spacer Cations for Effective Defect Passivation in Perovskite Solar Cells

    Cong ChenFanbin MengXueni ShangBoxue Zhang...
    8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Low‐dimensional additive engineering could effectively reduce the high‐density trap defect density and improve the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To avoid the limiting effect of charge carrier transfer by incorporating the large‐size long alkyl chain organic cations, we developed a new three‐dimensional organic spacer cation, 1,4‐diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octane‐1,4‐diium (DABCO2+), to passivate the defects and enhance the device stability. DABCO2+ with fine crystal structure and thermal stability could result in substantially fewer structural defects, enhance carrier lifetime, and inhibit nonradiative recombination loss. Structural analysis of CsFAPbI3 perovskite doped with different concentrations of the three‐dimensional organic spacer cations shows a clear correlation between the structure and the resultant perovskite films. Consequently, DABCO2+ modified CsFAPbI3‐based PSCs could achieve an optimized PCE of 23.02% with high stability exceeding 1500?h. This work opens a new approach to fabricating PSCs with enhanced stability for future commercial applications.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Application of Thermal Spray Coatings in Electrolysers for Hydrogen Production: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities

    Nadimul Haque FaisalQiong CaiBahman Amini HorriDhinesh Thanganadar...
    53页
    查看更多>>摘要：Abstract Thermal spray coatings have the advantage of providing thick and functional coatings from a range of engineering materials. The associated coating processes provide good control of coating thickness, morphology, microstructure, pore size and porosity, and residual strain in the coatings through selection of suitable process parameters for any coating material of interest. This review consolidates scarce literature on thermally sprayed components which are critical and vital constituents (e.?g., catalysts (anode/cathode), solid electrolyte, and transport layer, including corrosion‐prone parts such as bipolar plates) of the water splitting electrolysis process for hydrogen production. The research shows that there is a gap in thermally sprayed feedstock material selection strategy as well as in addressing modelling needs that can be crucial to advancing applications exploiting their catalytic and corrosion‐resistant properties to split water for hydrogen production. Due to readily scalable production enabled by thermal spray techniques, this manufacturing route bears potential to dominate the sustainable electrolyser technologies in the future. While the well‐established thermal spray coating variants may have certain limitations in the manner they are currently practiced, deployment of both conventional and novel thermal spray approaches (suspension, solution, hybrid) is clearly promising for targeted development of electrolysers.
      原文链接:
    • NSTL
    • Wiley