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Deep-sea research, Part I. Oceanographic research papers
Pergamon Press
Deep-sea research, Part I. Oceanographic research papers

Pergamon Press

月刊

0967-0637

Deep-sea research, Part I. Oceanographic research papers/Journal Deep-sea research, Part I. Oceanographic research papers
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    Modeling mesoscale circulation and potential fish larvae transport at the entrance of a semi-enclosed sea under different periods

    Laura Sanchez-VelascoJorge Montes-ArechigaEmmanuel RomeroErick D. Ruvalcaba-Aroche...
    104430.1-104430.15页
    查看更多>>摘要：Data from three oceanographic cruises at the entrance to the Gulf of California (April 2012, June 2015, and October 2020) were used to model the transport of preflexion fish larvae associated with the mesoscale eddies that dominated the surface circulation during the study periods. Hydrographic transects crossed sections of various eddies of different life histories (origin, rotation, dimensions). A lagrangian particle tracking model (HYCOM) was applied to a cross-Gulf transect using six key locations over the mesoscale structures. The 14-day simulations showed that most particles were retained within the eddies. In April 2012, 85% of the particles remained at the entrance to the Gulf of California until day 7, and one week later, 34% arrived at the north side of the boundary between the entrance to the Gulf of California and the southern Gulf (with no free transport to north). In October 2022, no particles arrived at the southern Gulf of California during the 14 days. In June 2015, however, >90% of the particles were transported to the north by day 14, and 56% of these, to the southern Gulf of California, corresponding with the detection of the poleward Mexican Coastal Current on the mainland side. Dominant fish species in the region with seasonal changes in abundance included Benthosema panamense (mesopelagic), Auxis spp. (epipelagic), Bregmaceros bathymater (pelagic neritic) and Syacium ovale (soft-demersal). Extrapolating the modeling results to preflexion fish larvae distributions, it appears that these mesoscale structures may trap most of the larvae spawned in the Gulf of California entrance. June 2015 was the exception when the fish larvae could disperse from the entrance to the Gulf of California towards the north, corresponding with the period of spawning for some soft-demersal fish species in the region. We conclude that the high mesoscale activity that occurs most of the year at the entrance to the Gulf of California might be a dynamic barrier that controls the dispersal offish larvae and other planktonic organisms in the region, and might occur in other semi-enclosed seas as well.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Pteropod assemblages in the oceanic waters of the southern Gulf of Mexico (June 2015)

    H.S. L6pez-ArellanesJ.A. Cruz-BarrazaE.D. Ruvalcaba-ArocheC.A. Silva-Segundo...
    104431.1-104431.17页
    查看更多>>摘要：The pteropod community structure in the oceanic waters of the southern Gulf of Mexico (sGoM) was analyzed in June 2015. For the first time, we used an integrative morphological and molecular approach for pteropod identification in the sGoM. A total of 32 pteropod taxa were morphologically identified from the oceanic waters of which 12 were successfully sequenced, at least for one of the loci implemented (COI and 28S). The molecular data support the taxonomic identity of half of them. However, despite the morphological differences in the other six taxa, the molecular evidence displayed low genetic variability, resulting in a resolution to the genus level. During the sampling campaign, the oceanographic conditions were very homogeneous in all the sampled areas, with high surface temperatures (SST >27.5 ℃) and low chlorophyll (CHL <0.5) concentrations. Nevertheless, CHL presented a positive and significant correlation with total pteropod abundance, herbivores abundance and carnivores abundance, suggesting a bottom-up control of the pteropod community. The ecological analysis showed that four species accounted for 63% of the pteropod abundance: Helkonoides inflatus, Creseis conka, Limacina trochiformis and Creseis acicula. The cluster analysis showed the presence of four assemblages, named after their distribution and species composition. The oceanic assemblage presented a wide distribution over the sampled area, characterized by a set of oceanic species such as H. inflatus, Styliola subula and Limacina lesuewii, with no apparent correlation with the measured environmental variables. The coastal oceanic assemblage presented the highest pteropod abundances; it was characterized by the dominance of the neritic species C. conka and L. trochiformis, and significant positive correlation with CHL concentration. The other two assemblages were distributed in the vicinity of an anticyclonic eddy with high stratification and low CHL values in the northwest, and presented a mixed dominance among the oceanic species H. inflatus, C. acicula and S. subula. The oceanic assemblage is suggested as the basal pteropod community in the sGoM. It is modified by the deflection of the coastal current in the southeast that transports nutrients and biota into the oceanic domain and produce relative enrichment of the CHL concentration. The presence of a Loop Current anticyclonic eddy in the northwest, increases the stratification and accentuates the oligotrophic conditions, leading to a different pteropod community well adapted to those oligotrophic conditions.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Bathymetric distribution of abyssal and hadal amphipod families and genera in the Japan Trench and the southernmost Kuril-Kamchatka trench

    Daiki YamamotoTakuya YahagiShigeaki Kojima
    104438.1-104438.15页
    查看更多>>摘要：Amphipoda, belonging to superorder Peracarida, represents a conspicuous proportion of benthic fauna occurring across multiple depth zones. Extensive sampling has been conducted to understand the composition and distribution of benthic organisms, particularly in the Northwest Pacific. However, logistical challenges and limited opportunities have restricted our understanding of benthic fauna diversity and distribution. Using two types of trawls and an epibenthic sledge, abyssal and hadal benthic fauna were collected across 55 sampling sites from both the Japan Trench and the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench, at depths between 3689 m and 8010 m. A collection of 3126 deep-sea amphipods was obtained and the animals were assigned to at least 76 genera belonging to 37 families during the two expeditions. The most abundant family was Phoxocephalidae, followed by Ampeliscidae, Lysianassoidea and Oedicerotidae in descending order of abundance. In addition, high numbers of genera of the Pardaliscidae, Oedicerotidae, Stegocephalidae and Synopiidae families were identified. In the two trenches, the number of genera showed a weak inverse correlation with depth at both abyssal and hadal depths. Amphipod diversity and abundance were highest in the landward slopes, whereas those observed in the trench axes were the least diverse and abundant. High productivity, in addition to proximity to the Japanese archipelago, may explain the amphipod assemblage characteristics observed in our study areas. Our findings present novel data on the global depth records for eight identified and one unidentified amphipod genera, belonging to nine families.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Descriptions of two new deep-sea nemertean species from the genera Alvinonemertes and Sagornya gen. nov. (Hoplonemertea, Oerstediina) with discussion on close genetic relationship between deep-sea species

    Alexei V. ChernyshevVasiliy G. Kuznetsov
    104439.1-104439.13页
    查看更多>>摘要：In a recent study by Sagorny et al. (2022), nine new species of deep-sea hoplonemerteans, including five from the new genus Alvinonemertes Sagorny, von Dohren, Rouse & Tilic, 2022, have been described from off the Pacific coast of Costa Rica and the Oregon margin. The new species Alvinonemertes tilici sp. nov., found during the research cruise #94 aboard the R/V Akademik M.A. Lavrentyev in the Emperor Seamounts, has proven to be very close morphologically and genetically to A. dariae Sagorny et al., 2022 from the methane Parrita Seep, off Costa Rica. As a phylogenetic analysis based on five gene markers (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and histone H3) has shown, the genus Alvinonemertes is not monophyletic. Four species of Alvinonemertes are here segregated into a new genus, Sagornya gen. nov. The new species Sagomya itorupica sp. nov. is described based a specimen collected from the bathyal zone in the Sea of Okhotsk. This species is close genetically to S. tatjanae (Sagorny et al., 2022) comb. n. from seeps along the Oregon margin. The family Oerstediidae is divided into two sister groups: the subfamilies Oerstediinae and Tetranemertinae subfam. nov. To date, the new clade Gononemertes is the largest clade in the family Oerstediinae in terms of number of deep-sea and symbiotic species. Examples of close genetic similarity between deep-sea species from the genera Nem-ertovema, Tetrastemma, Alvinonemertes, Sagomya, and Carinina are considered. The study has shown that the genetic differences between deep-sea hoplonemerteans from the western and eastern Pacific Ocean are lower than those between sibling hoplonemertean species from Pacific shallow waters off North America and Asia. A hypothesis is advanced here that species with limited geographical ranges are frequently found among deep-sea nemerteans. The wide distribution of deep-sea hoplonemerteans can be provided by long-swimming lecitho-trophic larvae, as in Cratenemertidae sp. MCZ IZ 45644.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Vertical and seasonal variations in stable oxygen isotope ratio of living planktonic foraminifera and estimation of habitat depth in the western tropical Pacific

    Tae Wook KoKyung Eun LeeRyoung Ah Kim
    104440.1-104440.12页
    查看更多>>摘要：To verify the habitat depth of planktonic foraminifera, the variability of foraminiferal δ~(18)O (δ~(18)O_(pforam)) by depth, season, day and night was investigated over a water depth of 0-600 m in the western tropical Pacific region. Species that inhabit the surface mixed layer in April include Globigerinoides sacculifer, Globigerinoides ruber white, Globigerinoides conglobatus, Globigerinella siphonifera, and Orbulina universa (δ~(18)O_(pforam). -2.2‰ to -2.9‰). Meanwhile, Globorotalia hirsuta and Globorotaloides hexagonus inhabit the upper thermocline (δ~(18)O_(pforam). -0.3‰ to -1.2‰) and lower thermocline (δ~(18)O_(pforam). 1.2‰), respectively. In August, various species inhabit the uppermost thermocline during the day (G. sacculifer, G. ruber white, G. siphonifera, G. conglobatus, 0. universa, Globorotalia menwdii, Hastigerina pelagica, Neogloboquadrina dutertrei, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata, and Globoqua-drina conglomeratd) (δ~(18)O_(pforam), -2.2‰ to -3.2‰). At night, G. sacculifer without sac and G. menardii appear to inhabit the surface mixed layer (δ~(18)O_(pforam), -2.9‰ to -3.4‰). G. hexagonus inhabits the lower thermocline (δ~(18)O_(pforam), 1.3‰) in August. The vertical distribution of δ~(18)O_(pforam) in December was similar to that of April δ~(18)O_(pforam). The habitat depths inferred from δ~(18)O_(pforam) were mostly consistent with those estimated from species abundance. Species that did not match were Globorotalia truncatulinoides (in April), Globigerinoides elongatus (in December), G. hirsuta (in August), and G. hexagonus (in December). The results of δ~(18)O analysis suggest that G. truncatulinoides lives in the uppermost thermocline, and G. elongatus in the surface mixed layer. In the case of G. hirsuta and G. hexagonus, they inhabit the upper thermocline and lower thermocline, respectively. Our results contribute to research on reconstructing past thermocline structure using geochemical analysis of planktonic foraminifera in marine sediments in this region.
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    • NETL
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    • Elsevier

    Origin and propagation of M_2 internal tides in the Arabian Sea

    Hua ZhengMin WangTao ZhangRuibin Ding...
    104441.1-104441.13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Internal tides (ITs) generated by the interaction of barotropic tides and rough topography in stratified oceans play a significant role in turbulent mixing and thermohaline circulation. The baroclinic modes, propagation, energy, and origin of M_2 ITs in the Arabian Sea are analyzed using Multivariate Inversion of Ocean Surface Topography Internal Tide Model product (MIOST-IT). The M_2 ITs are generated in the northeast Arabian Sea, around the Socotra Island, and around the Maldive Islands, dominated by the mode-1 component with a wavelength of approximately 110 km. The most energetic M_2 ITs radiate from the continental shelf of the northeast Arabian Sea for more than one thousand kilometers with mode-1 and mode-2 energy of approximately 0.56 GW and 0.04 GW, respectively. M_2 ITs generated around the ridges southeast of the Gulf of Oman propagate southeastward, whereas they radiate in all directions from the Socotra Island. The northeastward-propagated M_2 ITs from the Socotra Island and the southwestward-propagated M_2 ITs from the continental shelf form standing waves. The M_2 ITs propagate westward on the western side of the Maldive Islands and eastward on the eastern side, dominated by mode-1 with energy of 0.17 GW and 0.08 GW, respectively. The study presents the characteristics of multi-directionally propagated and multi-modally M_2 ITs in the Arabian Sea, which addresses the characteristics of M_2 ITs in the region, therefore contributing to the understanding of the Arabian Sea's role in regional and global overturning circulation, energy budget, climate dynamics, and ecological environments.
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    Investigation of the influence of stratification and background currents on Internal Solitary Waves in the northern South China Sea based on the Wavefront model

    Zijian CuiChujin LiangBeifeng ZhouFeilong Lin...
    104442.1-104442.13页
    查看更多>>摘要：Internal Solitary Waves (ISWs) are nonlinear internal waves generated within vertically stratified oceans, characterized by large amplitudes and strong destructive capabilities. Previous studies have shown that background currents significantly affect the propagation process of ISWs. However, the background currents can also induce changes in stratification, and the specific manner in which they influence ISWs remains unclear. This study, based on the Wavefront model, independently investigates the effects of oceanic stratification and background currents on the nonlinear phase velocity, crest line morphology, and energy distribution of ISWs in the northern South China Sea. The results show that compared to stratification, background currents are more likely to alter the nonlinear phase speed of ISWs. The background currents also significantly alter the generation locations and propagation directions of ISWs. Furthermore, this study analyzes the propagation characteristics of ISWs under different Kuroshio circulation patterns and points out that the Kuroshio primarily regulates ISWs through background currents. The Wavefront model serves as a powerful tool for accurately forecasting ISWs in the northern South China Sea and holds great potential for studying other characteristics of ISWs.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier