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Journal of natural fibers
The Haworth Press
Journal of natural fibers

The Haworth Press

季刊

1544-0478

Journal of natural fibers/Journal Journal of natural fibersEISCI
正式出版
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    Corrosion Inhibition Studies of Metals in Acid Media by Fibrous Plant Biomass Extracts and Density Functional Theory: A Mini-Review

    Julius U. AniI. O. ObiKovo G. AkpomieSamson I. Eze...
    2391-2401页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT Metals used in industries are exposed to several processes such as acid cleaning, pickling, and descaling, which leads to corrosion. A good measure of corrosion control has been achieved by reducing the metal impurity content, by corrosion inhibition, the use of modification techniques, and the incorporation of alloying elements. However, the use of corrosion inhibitors seems to be the most economical and practical of the methods. Besides, the use of fibrous plant biomass as corrosion inhibitors has become important as a suitable substitute for the toxic chromates, phosphates, and arsenic-based inhibitors. The constituents in the fibrous plant biomass extracts react with the metal ions on a corroding metal surface forming organometallic complexes. The recent introduction of Density Functional Theory (DFT) in the theoretical study of the electronic structures elucidates the adsorption modes and the individual contributions of the plant extracts. The DFT has proven to be a significant contribution to the conventional methods based on gravimetry, gasometry, and electrochemical investigations for studying corrosion inhibition. This review provides insights into the use of fibrous plant extracts as corrosion inhibitors in acid solution as well as the DFT calculations.
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    Evaluation of Coir Geotextile Reinforcement for Low-Volume Roads

    Visvanathan AnusudhaVelayudhan SunithaSamson Mathew
    2402-2413页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT Natural geotextiles play a vital role in the reinforcement and ground improvement of soft compressible soil to enhance soil strength and ensure stability. Of all the natural fibers, coir possesses high tearing strength even in very wet conditions. Hence, in this paper, the efficacy of coir geotextile in improving the functional performance of the pavement and enhancing the modulus of the subgrade soil has been investigated by visual examination and by conducting tests such as Benkelman Beam Deflection (BBD) test, geogauge and static plate load tests on the test sections constructed in the field. The obtained data reveals that the elastic modulus of the subgrade multiplies appreciably when it is reinforced with coir geotextile, thereby helping in increasing the service life of the pavement. Similar results are reflected in the pavement condition survey results as well. The improvement attained in the elastic modulus of the reinforced subgrades is 1.41 and 1.25 times of the elastic modulus of the parent soil, with coir geotextile of mass per unit being 740 g/m2 and 365 g/m2, respectively. The modified subgrade elastic modulus is given as input to the KENLAYER software and analyzed in order to prepare a design chart for coir geotextile reinforced low-volume roads.
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    Optimization of process parameters on color strength and antimicrobial activities of cotton fabric dyed with Rubia cordifolia extract

    Senthilkumar BoominathanKarthi VSenthilkumar Balakrishanan
    2414-2428页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT The present study aims at optimization of dyeing process parameters such as dyeing temperature, dyeing pH, and mordant concentration toward achieving maximum color strength and antimicrobial activity of cotton fabric dyed with Indian madder (Rubia cordifolia) as a natural dye. Box-Behnken three factorial with three levels experimental design (dyeing temperature ranges are 60ºC, 70ºC, and 80ºC, dyeing pH ranges are 6, 9, and 12, Mordant concentration ranges are 10%, 20%, and 30% of OWF) was used for optimization. Results showed that all the selected process variables have influenced the color strength as well as antimicrobial activity against the microbes such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The quadratic regression models have been developed for optimization of all the process parameters and it was validated through ANOVA. UV-Vis spectroscopy, Phytochemical analysis, and FTIR studies have been conducted to confirm the presence of the phytochemical compounds.
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    Effect of Alkali Treatment on Diameter and Tensile Properties of Yucca Gloriosa Fiber Using Response Surface Methodology

    Seyed Ehsan SamaeiHasan Asilian MahabadiSeyyed Mohammad MousaviAli Khavanin...
    2429-2442页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT The present study aimed to investigate the effect of alkali (NaOH) treatment on the morphological properties and tensile strength of Yucca Gloriosa (YG) natural fibers along with the optimization of the parameters related to such treatment. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Designs (CCD) approach for the design and analysis of experiments with the optimization of NaOH concentration and immersion time was applied. Also, the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were also employed to evaluate and compare the morphological and structural properties of YG fibers. For NaOH treatment process the best mathematical models to predict the fiber diameter and tensile strength of the YG fibers were the linear and quadratic models, respectively. Additionally, the optimal amount of YG fibers diameter and tensile strength were achieved at optimum process conditions. The optimized levels for NaOH concentration and immersion time were 5 wt.% and 10 h, respectively. So that, after fiber treatment in this condition, tensile strength of YG fibers was increased by 29.58% and the diameters of YG fibers were decreased by 7.34% compared to the raw fibers. Nonetheless, the process of alkali treatment in optimum conditions did not significantly affect the structural and crystallinity of YG fibers. Finally, NaOH treatment under optimal condition, mainly because of improving the morphological and tensile properties as well as increasing the interfacial adhesion between natural fibers and polymer matrices, is practically useful in the manufacture of multi-purpose hybrid composites.
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    Textile Materials Treatment With Mixture of TiO2:N and SiO2 Nanoparticles for Improvement of Their Self-Cleaning Properties

    A. O. MateescuG. MateescuI. BurduceaP. Mereuta...
    2443-2456页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT This study addresses the deposition with improved adhesion of TiO2:N/SiO2 mixture, with different concentrations of the nano-powders (NPs) (1:0,5; 1:1 and 1:1,5) on 100% cotton fabrics. The characteristics of the deposited thin films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), Raman scattering, FTIR, and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy. To improve the treatment durability to the external factors, the different crosslinking methods were used. Photocatalytic activity of functionalized textile fabrics was evaluated by determining the photodegradation efficiency of the methylene blue (MB) dye and forest juice, measuring the color difference of the irradiated samples compared with non-irradiated samples. Washing durability of the samples was achieved qualitatively by determining the photocatalytic activity remaining on the textile fabrics after 1 and 5 washing cycles. The samples treated with the mixture of TiO2:N/SiO2 have demonstrated improved self-cleaning properties, the highest photocatalytic activity being obtained for the highest value of TiO2:N/SiO2 NPs molar concentrations equal to 1:1.
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    Mechanical Characteristics Study of Chemically Modified Kenaf Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

    Sathish Kumar RNivedhitha Durgam Muralidharan
    2457-2467页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT An experimental investigation was conducted to identify the optimum fiber content and the effect of fiber alkaline treatment on kenaf fiber reinforced epoxy composites and reported in this article. The entire research work was carried out in two phases. In first phase, kenaf fiber reinforced epoxy composites with fiber weight fractions 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% (on the total weight of composites) of raw untreated fibers were fabricated using hand layup followed by compression molding to identify the optimum fiber content. The prepared specimens were tested for tensile, flexural and impact properties as per corresponding ASTM standards. In the second phase the optimal fiber weight fraction was chosen to identify the effect of chemical treatment of kenaf fiber mats with NaOH and KOH solutions on mechanical properties. Based on the test results the optimum fiber content was identified as 40% with 45.98 MPa, 40.50 MPa, and 13.26 kJ/m2 as tensile, flexural and impact strength respectively; and 6% NaOH treatment recorded highest mechanical properties of composite such as 58.34 MPa in tensile, 55.34 MPa in flexural and 16.69 kJ/m2 in impact strengths respectively. Also 6% NaOH treatment shown 26.88%, 37.28%, and 25.87% improvement on tensile, flexural, and impact strengths respectively.
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    Jute Fiber Gradation by Grey Fuzzy Logic Approach

    Ashis Mitra
    2468-2478页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT Jute fiber has a great role in Indian economy. Since, jute fiber quality varies one place to another owing to various reasons, it becomes imperative to go for classification and gradation of jute fibers on the basis of which jute pricing is fixed. Traditionally, jute grading is done by ‘Hand & Eye’ method which is totally subjective. In modern BIS system, a more scientific approach is practised for grading the jute fibers based on six physical fiber parameters like strength, defect, root content, color, fineness, and bulk density. However, color and density parameters are still assessed subjectively. In this paper, a grey fuzzy logic-based MCDM approach has been proposed for ranking/gradation of nine jute fiber samples based on six apposite selection criteria like fiber strength, root content, fiber defects, fiber color, bulk density and fiber fineness. Fuzzy logic has been integrated with grey relational analysis (GRA) to minimize vagueness or imprecision inherent in GRA. The proposed approach closely matches with the ranking patterns attained by the existing BIS system and that by MAHP approach done by an earlier researcher.
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    Utilization of Chemically Modified Novel Urena Lobata Fibers as Reinforcement in Polymer Composites – an Experimental Study

    Pradeep Kumar JenaJyoti Ranjan MohantySubhakanta NayakKirti Ranjan Panda...
    2479-2489页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT In the present research work, chemically modified Urena lobata (UL) fibers have been reinforced in epoxy resin matrix for fabrication of natural fiber polymer composite. The extracted fibers have been chemically modified with different concentration of NaOH (i.e. 4%, 5%, 6%, and 7%) and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). From the tensile test results it has been found that 6% NaOH treated fiber gives maximum tensile strength. Composites have been fabricated using various weight percentages of treated fibers as reinforcement in epoxy resin and their mechanical and thermal properties have been evaluated. From the results it has been observed that 20 wt% of fiber loading gives optimum properties.
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    Anti-crease Finishing of Cotton Fabrics Based on Crosslinking of Cellulose with Oxidized Sucrose

    Jiangfei LouJiugang YuanQiang WangJin Xu...
    2490-2500页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT In anti-crease finishing, the hydrophilicity of cotton fabric treated with traditional anti-crease finishing agents such as dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea (DMDHEU), 1,2,3,4,-butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), citric acid (CA) was reduced significantly. Oxidized sucrose (OS) was prepared by partial oxidation with sodium periodate. The OS was used as a hydrophilic cross-linking agent instead of conventional anti-crease agents. The chemical structure of the OS characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and aldehyde groups were found in the OS. The effects of OS mass concentration, catalyst mass concentration, pH, curing temperature and curing time on the crease recovery angle (CRA), whiteness index (WI) and strong retention rate (TS %) of fabrics were studied. The optimal finishing process was an OS mass concentration of 150 g/L, a catalyst mass concentration of 20 g/L, pH 3 and curing for 3 min at160°C. The OS-treated cotton fabrics could obtain a maximum CRA of 245°, WI of 82.8 and TS% of 65%. Compared with DMDHEU, glutaraldehyde, BTCA and CA finishing fabrics, the OS finishing fabric had a shorter wetting time of 5.01 s and a higher water retention.
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    An Experimental Study of Physical, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties of Rattan-Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Polyester Laminated Composite

    Md. Rezwan MunshiS. Sharar AlamM. Merajul HaqueAbu Shufian...
    2501-2515页
    查看更多>>摘要：ABSTRACT The current research is directed to observe, assess, and evaluate the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the fabricated composite. In this study, rattan and bamboo fiber have been used as woven mat for reinforcing agent in polyester matrix. The properties were investigated for fiber loading of 0, 10, 20, and 30 wt.% with a uniform ratio of (Rattan: Bamboo = 1:1). Better mechanical properties were observed in 30 wt.% fiber loading for tensile, flexural, impact and hardness test. The tensile strength, impact, and hardness properties are increased from raw polyester by 8.64 %, 413.88 %, and 12.79 % respectively. On the other hand, elongation percentage at break and flexural strength are decreased from raw polyester by 20 % and 22.27 % respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis has been also explored here. Biodegradability analysis and water absorption test were also conducted. In terms of biodegradability analysis, the weight loss is about 29 % for 30 wt.% fiber loading with one month exposure whereas for water absorption, it was found at 25 % respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the composite has achieved maximum thermal stability at 401.8 °C. The surface morphological analysis was also investigated through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) for understanding interfacial bonding characteristics.
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