Anne BouterOliver HurtigRomain BesseauMarco Buffi...
107886.1-107886.11页
查看更多>>摘要：The European Union (EU) has set ambitious targets to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and mitigate climate change. Biofuels are a key component in achieving these goals, but inaccurate GHG emissions metrics can lead to ineffective policies. Accurate metrics are essential for guiding investments in the biofuels sector, driving innovation, and maintaining public support for EU climate policies. This study proposes an update of the GHG emission savings metrics for liquid biofuels pathways, incorporating the latest technological developments, updated input data, and recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change guidelines. The results show a decreasing trend in GHG emissions, mainly due to improvements in agricultural management, technological advancements, and changes in energy inputs and agro-inputs. The updated GHG emission values provide a comprehensive framework for assessing the climate change impacts of biofuel production in the EU. An uncertainty analysis highlights the variability within each pathway and the numerous sources contributing to it. This study informs policy decisions and supports the development of a sustainable and climate-friendly bioenergy sector in the EU. The updated metrics can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of biofuels production pathways and support the transition to a low-carbon economy. By providing a robust approach for assessing biofuels' carbon footprint, this study contributes to the EU's climate change mitigation strategy and decarbonisation goals, supporting a more sustainable future and helping to achieve the EU's ambitious targets. The study's findings are crucial for ensuring that biofuels play a positive role in reducing GHG emissions and mitigating climate change.
查看更多>>摘要：The efficient conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) into value-added products depends on implementing sustainable extraction methods. Employing environmentally friendly techniques for lignin extraction is crucial for the bioconversion of LCB. This study utilizes a novel deep eutectic solvent (DES) for the pretreatment of castor de-oiled cake biomass (CDCB) to recover lignin. The pretreatment method involves designing a unique type of DES and optimizing the process to maximize lignin recovery. The DES was synthesised using diionic quaternary ammonium salt- N,N'-dibutyl-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethane 1,2-diammonium bromide (DBTMEDABr) as hydrogen bond acceptor and lactic acid (LA) as hydrogen bond donor to extract lignin through pretreatment of the CDCB. The recovered lignin was characterized using Fourier Transforms Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (~1H NMR). The optimized pretreatment conditions for CDCB were found at 116.9 ℃, in 189 min, and a minimal DES concentration of 25.69 % v/v. The recyclability of novel DES was examined till the fourth cycle of the pretreatment. This work contributes to the development of an efficient and sustainable lignin recovery approach with the use of a green solvent (DES-DBTMEDABr/LA), which can be used in the advancement of material development applications such as biopolymer, hydrogel, carbon fiber etc., in the field of biorefinery.
Thamires R. SilvaCrisleine P. DraszewskiAlice P. HolkemEderson R. Abaide...
107888.1-107888.13页
查看更多>>摘要：The brewing industry generates a considerable quantity of co-products, with brewer's spent grain (BSG) representing the most abundant. In this study, BSG pretreatment using ultrasound was investigated to enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis yield of fermentable sugars (FS). Several ultrasound systems were evaluated, and the optimal pretreatment conditions were obtained using the ultrasound bath (130 kHz/200 W/27.7 W dm~(-3)) and the ultrasound probe (20 kHz/130 W/70.6 W dm~(-3)) at room temperature after 30 min, in a 5:100 w v~(-1) (biomass:water) ratio. Under these conditions, the solid was enriched in cellulose, and the content of hemicel-lulose and soluble lignin were reduced, without inhibitors formation. Additionally, experiments without ultrasound (silent conditions) were carried out, and no differences were observed in the pretreated BSG in comparison with the untreated BSG. During the enzymatic hydrolysis, the pretreated BSG achieved a FS yield (Y_(FS)) of 27.5 ± 3.5 g/100 g BSG after pretreatment with ultrasound bath (130 kHz/200 W/27.2 W dm~(-3)) and 33.2 ± 3.1 g/100 g BSG using the ultrasound probe (20 kHz/130 W/70.6 W dm~(-3)). Additionally, the total FS yield was 2.27 times higher for the ultrasound probe and 2.13 times higher for the ultrasound bath compared to untreated BSG. These results demonstrate that ultrasound-assisted pretreatment can be effectively integrated into industrial processes to valorize BSG, offering a sustainable pathway for biofuel production and reducing waste generation in the brewing industry. This approach aligns with circular economy principles, providing a practical solution for the utilization of brewery by-products.
Ahmed Saud AbdulhameedSamaa AbdullahAlaa A. Al-MasudRima Heider Al Omari...
107889.1-107889.12页
查看更多>>摘要：This work aims to the biomass valorization in advancing sustainable water treatment by converting agricultural waste into highly effective adsorbents for pollutant removal from contaminated water sources. Herein, a bio-adsorbent material (CHI-OX/MS-HN) was developed from crosslinked chitosan-oxalate and chemically modified mango (Mangifera indica L.) seed with nitric acid (HNO_3) to remove crystal violet (CV) dye from aquatic systems. The influence of three parameters on the CV dye adsorption was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). These factors are as follows: A: dosage of CHI-OX/MS-HN (0.02-0.08 g), B: pH (4-10), and C: duration (10-40 min). Freundlich and pseudo-first-order kinetic models adequately described the CV adsorption by CHI-OX/MS-HN, as shown by the isotherms and adsorption kinetics. Employing a desire function approach, the optimum conditions for maximum dye removal efficiency of 97.0 % are: adsorbent dose 0.046 g/L, solution pH 9.7, and contact time 33.8 min. The CHI-OX/MS-HN composite had a maximum CV dye adsorption capacity of 306.51 mg/g. The thermodynamic analysis reveals positive values for enthalpy (△H°) and entropy (△H°), along with a negative value for free energy (△H°), indicating that the process is both endothermic and spontaneous. Electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and n-π interactions were suggested as the mechanisms for CV dye adsorption onto CHI-OX/MS-HN composite. Based on the findings of this study, CHI-OX/MS-HN is an adsorbent that effectively removes cationic dyes from wastewater. The acquired results also show an eco-friendly, long-term strategy for making chitosan/modified biomass adsorbents that effectively remove cationic dyes from wastewater. It supports environmental sustainability by minimizing biomass waste, using fewer resources, and improving water quality by using advanced materials and methods.
查看更多>>摘要：The objective of this study was to develop a method for selective separation and recovery of phosphorus from carbonized sewage sludge (SSC) by the volatile chloride process. First, char was prepared from sewage sludge, and P existed as FeP_2 in SSC. Next, the volatilization behavior of the constituent elements during chlorination of SSC was investigated in detail: volatilization of Fe and P in SSC was observed above 573 K, and their volatilization rates reached >90 % at 973-1273 K. On the other hand, Si, Al, and K also volatilized above 873 K, and some Mg volatilized above 1173 K, but Ca was thermally stable. Therefore, selective separation of P was attempted to separate the Fe and P compounds by holding at 773 K, and found that it was possible to volatilize 70 % of Fe and P while suppressing the volatilization of Si, Al, and K. At 873 K, the volatilization rate of Fe and P reached more than 90 %, but 10-20 % of Si and Al were volatilized. Thus, it was found that optimum chlorination condition is 773 K holding for selective P separation. As a result of examining the possibility of separation of volatilized Fe and P species at 773 K, 20min holding, most of the volatilized Fe species precipitated on the inner wall of the reactor. Half of the volatilized P precipitated on the inner wall of the reactor, and the rest was concentrated in a water trap installed in a subsequent stage. These results indicate the possibility of separation and recovery of gaseous P and Fe species.
Michael Corredor MarsigliaCarlos A. Diaz GonzalezElecto Eduardo Silva LoraRubenildo Vieira Andrade...
107893.1-107893.15页
查看更多>>摘要：This study assesses the feasibility of implementing a 1 MWe gasification plant fueled by Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF), proposing an innovative solution for municipal solid waste (MSW) management and decentralized renewable energy generation in small and medium-sized cities. By integrating data from a pilot RDF briquetting and gasification facility in Brazil-along with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling and economic analysis-the research offers a robust framework for designing commercial-capacity plants. The technical results confirm optimal gasification at an equivalence ratio (ER) of 0.35, yielding syngas with a calorific value of 5.38 MJ/Nm~3, gasification efficiency of 80 %, and net electrical efficiency of 15.9 %. Energy Return on Investment (EROI) values of 1.13 (net) and 1.59 (gross) underscore the system's energy performance. Economic viability was demonstrated with net present value (NPV) ranging from USD 5.6 to 7.8 million, internal rates of return (IRR) between 32 % and 38 %, and payback periods of 4.2-5.4 years. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the operational lifespan has a stronger impact on profitability than the performance degradation rate. The proposed configuration is particularly attractive in municipalities with fewer than 100,000 residents, where higher MSW disposal fees improve the financial case for RDF-based power systems. This work bridges the gap between pilot experimentation and practical implementation, contributing to the advancement of replicable waste-to-energy strategies aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
查看更多>>摘要：The RWGS reaction is a key pathway for converting CO_2 into CO, a crucial intermediate to produce synthetic fuels and chemicals. Optimizing RWGS catalysts to enhance CO selectivity at lower temperatures facilitates integration with downstream processes such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. This study investigates the promotional effects of Mo, Cr, Mn, and Ce on Fe/CDC catalysts for RWGS. The catalysts were synthesized using cellulose as a biotemplate, yielding Fe/cellulose-derived carbon (Fe/CDC) catalysts. The catalysts were characterized by analyzing metal dispersion, metal-support interactions, and CO_2 adsorption properties. The results for the different promoters indicate that Fe-Cr forms alloys, Fe-O-Mo species are generated, while Fe-Mn and Fe-Ce promote strong Fe-Me interactions through surface migration of the promoter. The Fe/CDC catalyst exhibited the highest CO_2 conversion but the lowest CO selectivity. In contrast, Fe-Ce/CDC and Fe-Mn/CDC, which exhibit higher basicity, showed lower CO_2 conversion but higher CO selectivity. This behavior is likely due to strong CO_2 adsorption, which inhibits the reaction, as well as lower surface exposure of Fe, given that Ce and Mn cover Fe active sites, further affecting catalytic performance. Conversely, Fe-Mo/CDC, which has intermediate basicity, achieved the highest CO selectivity despite a lower CO_2 conversion compared to the unpromoted catalyst. This suggests that Mo, not only influences adsorption properties, but also induces electronic effects through Fe-O-Mo species, promoting CO formation. These findings highlight Fe-Mo/CDC as a promising catalyst for low-temperature RWGS. Further studies are needed to elucidate the specific role of Mo in Fe-based catalysts and to optimize its catalytic performance.
Sophie ShreesAyesha MasoodYutshu ShresthaGarima Garima...
107895.1-107895.10页
查看更多>>摘要：Biodiesel is considered a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels as it accounts for the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and enhancement in energy security. The present study aims to evaluate the environmental impacts of biodiesel production from Jatropha and Rapeseed oils through Life Cycle Assessment by using the ReCiPe 2016 impact assessment method and the Ecoinvent v3.8 database in the OpenLCA software. Results demonstrate that in comparison to Jatropha, the manufacturing of biodiesel from Rapeseed has substantially greater total environmental impacts, even after considering the cradle-to-grave approach. Global warming potential for Jatropha was 1.53 kg CO_2 eq per MJ, whereas, for Rapeseed, GWP was 2.14 kg CO_2 eq per MJ, highlighting a 28 % emissions reduction. Furthermore, Jatropha had 26 % less emissions in fine particulate matter formation and had 33 % (SO_2 eq emissions) lower terrestrial acidification. However, Rapeseed was better in the case of freshwater eutrophication, with 15 % (P eq emissions) lower than Jatropha. The study highlights a comprehensive approach to biodiesel systems to reduce ecological disadvantages and maximize environmental benefits.
查看更多>>摘要：Biohydrogen production using organic waste is gaining increasing interest due to its sustainable, efficient, and energy-efficient nature. Dark fermentation is one of the promising processes to produce this energy. This study explores the feasibility of dark fermentation co-digestion, specifically examining the combination of coffee grounds (CG) with fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW). Various ratios of FVW and CG co-digestion were examined under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions in the biochemical hydrogen potential test batch (BHP tests) to assess dark fermentation (DF) performance. An 80 % FVW and 20 % CG mixing ratio yielded optimal production at 517 mL bioH_2/g total volatile solids (TVS) at 55 ℃, marking a 15.67 % increase compared to mono-digestion of FVW (447 mL bioH_2/gTVS) and a 137.15 % increase compared to mono-digestion of CG (218 mL bioH_2/ gTVS). Under mesophilic conditions, the maximum production reached 415.45 mL bioH_2/gTVS with the 80 % FVW and 20 % CG ratio, showing a 5.44 % increase compared to FVW alone (394 mL bioH_2/gTVS) and a 108.55 % increase compared to CG (199.20 mL bioH_2/gTVS). The second phase of the study involved applying hybrid (thermal-alkaline) pretreatment to FVW and hydrothermal to CG. This pretreatment resulted in a 315 % increase in soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) solubilization, consequently enhancing the overall bio-hydrogen yield by 17.5 %. A kinetic analysis, incorporating model fitting with three models (modified Gompertz model (GM), transference function (TF), and first-order model), was conducted to determine which model most accurately depicted the effect on the degradation rate and ultimate bioH_2 yield.
查看更多>>摘要：Soil salinization is a growing concern that degrades soil quality and inhibits agricultural productivity. Miscanthus species have received wide attention because of their high calorific potential, their value as an energy plant, and their ability to maintain high biomass accumulation. However, most studies focused on the biochemical and physiological responses to salt stress while neglecting the osmotic adjustment processes and the contribution of both organic and inorganic substances to these processes. This study evaluates the response mechanism of Miscanthus sinensis to salt stress (0-300 mM of NaCl) by evaluating the growth and photosynthetic parameters, photosynthetic response to light, and contribution of organic and inorganic substances to osmotic potential. The results revealed that M. sinensis adopted Na~+ compartmentalization and reallocation of biomass to the above-ground parts to mitigate the negative impact of salinity stress. Specifically, Na~+ accumulated more in the root and leaf, with an increment magnitude of 75.4-173.9 and 56.7-217.1 times, respectively. This was supported by the changing trend of the stem/leaf ratio (25.1 %-55.9 %) compared to the root/shoot ratio (12.3 %-18.3 %). Also, salt-induced stress decreased the leaf's water content and water use efficiency as a result of low intracel-lular osmosis, and to mitigate osmotic damage, M. sinensis enhanced the accumulation of proline. These results offer theoretical and scientific insights into managing the cultivation and improving the yield of M. sinensis and other energy herbaceous plants in saline soils.
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Elsevier