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Energy conversion & management
Pergamon Press
Energy conversion & management

Pergamon Press

0196-8904

Energy conversion & management/Journal Energy conversion & management
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    Boosting of energy efficiency and by-product quality of anaerobic digestion of Kitchen Waste: Hybridization with pyrolysis using Zero-Waste strategy

    Jana R.Ikbal S.Chowdhury R.
    1.1-1.14页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024In this study, anaerobic digestion (AD) and integrated process of anaerobic digestion, followed by pyrolysis (PY), have been studied for the generation of energy and chemicals from kitchen waste (KW). A 2.5 L anaerobic digestor has been run on semi-batch mode. The solid part of the digestate stream of AD has been pyrolyzed in a 200 mL semi-batch pyrolyzer. The cumulative biogas generation of 275.76 mL/kgVS and a biodegradability index of 64.39 % have been obtained. The yields of pyro-products of digestate have been compared with those obtained with original KW. The yields of char and oil pyrolysis of digestate are higher than those obtained from the original feedstock. The quality of pyro-char from digestate has superior quality than that obtained from original wastes with respect to surface area and micropore volume. Pyro-oil and gas from digestate have higher heating values compared to those obtained directly from KW pyrolysis. The results of FTIR and GC/MS analyses indicate that pyro-oil obtained from KW and its digestate can serve as a source of liquid fuel and chemicals. The maximum energy return of 9.11 MJ/kg can be achieved from the integrated process, and the value is 30 % higher than that from the stand-alone anaerobic digestion process. The values of energy return on energy investment of stand-alone and integrated processes are 0.38 and 0.49, respectively. The study reveals that the zero-waste strategy is validated for the generation of fuels and chemicals from KW through the AD-PY hybridization.
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    • Elsevier

    Transportation and process modelling-assisted techno-economic assessment of resource recovery from non-recycled municipal plastic waste

    Biakhmetov B.Flynn D.You S.Li Y....
    1.1-1.18页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 The Author(s)Less than one-tenth of municipal plastic waste generated is mechanically recycled, resulting in the remainder ending up in incineration plants or landfills worldwide. There is limited consideration on the effects of system scales and transportation processes on the economic feasibility of municipal plastic waste treatment. In this study, a techno-economic assessment framework was developed for pyrolysis-based resource recovery from non-recycled municipal plastic waste. The framework incorporates detailed transportation and process modelling with cost-benefit analysis, which enables greater assessment flexibility and accuracy and the accounting of the effects of system scale. The techno-economic feasibility of centralized large-scale and decentralized small-scale systems that recover value-added fuels (diesel and hydrogen), with and without carbon capture and storage units, were compared. The large-scale diesel system without carbon capture and storage reflected a real-world demonstrator, while other systems considered in this study were proposed alternatives to non-recycled municipal plastic waste management. Specifically, the municipal plastic waste transportation, and pyrolysis-based diesel and hydrogen production from non-recycled municipal plastic waste were modelled and simulated using ArcGIS Pro and Aspen Plus software, respectively. The data of transportation and process modelling were feed into a cost-benefit analysis to calculate the net present values of relevant developments. It was shown that only centralized large-scale diesel production, with and without carbon capture and storage, exhibited total positive net present values (£22,240,135 and £24,449,631, respectively), indicating their economic feasibility. The decentralized small-scale hydrogen production system with carbon capture and storage yielded the lowest net present value result (−£2,391) per tonne of treated non-recycled municipal plastic waste. Particularly, the production of diesel and hydrogen from non-recycled municipal plastic systems, with carbon dioxide emissions to the environment, demonstrated better economic performance than the same systems capturing and storing carbon dioxide, attributable to its higher capital and operational expenditures. Finally, sensitivity analysis revealed that the fuel sales price and OPEX had the most significant impact on the net present values.
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    • Elsevier

    A review on supercritical CO2 and CO2-based mixture in power cycle

    Deng Q.Liu A.Li J.Feng Z....
    1.1-1.25页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier LtdThe development of supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle technology has made significant progress over the past decades. However, the pure CO2 has certain limitations in aspects such as heat transfer performance, cycle efficiency, and working temperature range. To overcome these limitations, CO2-based mixtures have emerged as a promising technology, already extensively applied in research without altering the basic system configuration. Understanding the research progress in this emerging field is crucial for future studies. This article first reviews the current research status and challenges faced by S-CO2 power cycles. Then, the three aspects are analyzed, selection of additives, calculation methods for mixture parameters, and application of heat sources. The article summarizes the commonly used additives in existing literature, outlines the principles for selecting additives, and analyzes the current research in cycles. This review will be a valuable addition to understanding recent advancements in CO2 power cycle.
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    Exergetic and energetic parametric evaluation of integrated spectral beam splitting concentrated photovoltaic thermal and two-stage organic Rankine cycle system

    Elsayed A.Zhang B.Miao Z.Liu G....
    1.1-1.19页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024As fossil energy reserves diminish and environmental concerns grow, there is increasing interest in solar-based combined heating and power systems. The organic Rankine cycle is a promising technology for efficiently converting heat from concentrated photovoltaic thermal systems into power. This study hypothesizes integrating a spectral beam splitting concentrated photovoltaic thermal system with the recent organic Rankine cycle advancements, the two-stage organic Rankine cycle, noted for its straightforward architecture and enhanced power outputs to optimize solar energy utilization for both electricity generation and thermal power. The aim is to explore the influence of key design factors on each subsystem's performance using EES and MATLAB, assessing the integrated system under various atmospheric conditions. The model's accuracy was confirmed by comparing the results of the two sub-systems to previously published data. The findings indicate that the total electrical efficiency increases from 8.98 % to 16.94 % as solar irradiance rises from 600 W/m2 to 1000 W/m2, leading to an overall efficiency improvement of 57.94 %. The integrated system can produce 2.14 kWh/day/m2 of electrical power and 6.17 kWh/day/m2 of thermal power, achieving a heat-to-power ratio of approximately 2.83, comparable to conventional systems. The research will yield actionable insights that can be utilized to enhance the design and performance of the system.
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    A review on modeling methods and key parameters control of proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on numerical comparison

    Fu P.Lan Z.Chen Y.Zhang S....
    1.1-1.29页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024Although numerous studies have investigated semi-mechanistic and semi-empirical modeling methods for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) engine systems, the advantages and disadvantages of these modeling methods have rarely been analyzed and summarized. As a result, it is difficult to identify the most suitable models under different conditions. Moreover, there are opportunities to further develop research on controlling the three most critical parameters of the PEMFC engine system-the oxygen excess ratio (OER), stack temperature, and humidity. Thus, a review is presented to develop systematic guidelines for semi-mechanistic and semi-empirical modeling methods and key parameter control studies related to PEMFC engine systems. This paper summarizes all the authoritative modeling methods for the air compressor used in the PEMFC engine system with output power from 60 to 175 kW, and cathode humidifier in the air supply subsystem, ejector and circulation pump in the hydrogen supply subsystem, flow fluid and voltages in the fuel cell stack subsystem, and water pump and radiator in the thermal management subsystem using scientific equations. The advantages and disadvantages of each modeling method are then discussed through numerical comparisons or authoritative opinions. Subsequently, based on the modeling methods, the development and prospects of key parameter control studies for the PEMFC engine system are proposed based on advanced research in recent years. This paper not only makes it more convenient to identify appropriate modeling methods based on different modeling demands, but also highlights development directions for key parameters control research in the future.
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    • Elsevier

    Performance of a multi-cooling sources cooling system with photovoltaics and waste heat recovery in data center

    Zou S.Liu J.Dai Y.
    1.1-1.18页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier LtdThe establishment of multi-energy cooperative integrated energy system can help data centers achieve sustainable development. This paper proposes a hybrid energy system for data centers, which includes three subsystems: the multi-cooling sources (water-side economizers and ground water) cooling system, the Building Integrated Photovoltaics system (BIPVS) and the waste heat recovery system. Through the coupling of heat and electricity in these subsystems, the proposed hybrid energy system can operate efficiently and low-carbon. A simulation analysis is conducted at a case data center in Nanchang to evaluate the system's performance in cooling, heating, overall energy efficiency, and economy, by comparing the hybrid energy system with the existing system and isolated energy system. The results indicate that the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the chiller in hybrid system increases by 0.4 to 2.55 compared to isolated energy system, while the COP of the heat pump increases by 1.4 to 2.1 during heating season. Compared to existing system and isolated system, the hybrid energy system demonstrates potential energy savings of 72.98 % and 21.3 %, respectively, and reduces carbon emissions by 68.34 % and 19.52 %. The dynamic payback period for hybrid energy system is 2.87 years compared to existing system, and 3.54 years compared to isolated system.
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    • Elsevier

    Flexibility is the key to decarbonizing heat supply: A case study based on the German energy system

    Schlemminger M.Niepelt R.Brendel R.Peterssen F....
    1.1-1.15页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 The AuthorsDecarbonizing the heating sector is a key challenge in Europe and Germany and lags significantly behind the electricity sector regarding the share of renewable energies. This is also due to municipal heating planning being still in progress in many places, and decision-makers being uncertain about efficient technologies. We apply an advanced energy system model with linear optimization to the German energy system with special consideration of district heating. Our goal is to determine the near-optimal solution space in the heating sector, which we define as solutions within a 1% increase in optimal system cost. We show that the optimal share of district heating on the German heat demand is only 8.3%, but 27.2% of the demand can be supplied in the near-optimal solution. Larger shares are inefficient due to higher investments caused by lower heat density in sparsely populated regions. The wide range of solutions at comparable costs must encourage urban authorities to implement and communicate consistent heat planning regardless of the choice between centralized and decentralized heat supply. Direct electrification dominates both centralized and decentralized heat generation in all scenarios. Combined heat and power (CHP) plants are part of the optimal solution, but their heat production is limited by high fuel cost. It is therefore risky to plan with high shares (>20%) of CHP in heating networks. Alternative flexibility options such as water-based seasonal heat storage and the use of excess heat from power-to-x plants show promising results. They increase the district heating share in the near-optimal solution to 42.2%, but are limited by the amount of land required and the monetary value of the excess heat, respectively.
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    Improving sustainable development performance of new energy industry through green innovation network evolution empowered by digitalization: Based on temporal exponential random graph model

    Liu Q.Chen R.Yue W.Gao Q....
    1.1-1.22页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier LtdThe sustainable development of the new energy industry is crucial for addressing climate change and facing various challenges, which requires the support of green innovation network effected by digitalization. Nonetheless, the influence of each dimension of digitalization in driving network development to enhance sustainable development performance has yet to be adequately explored. Therefore, this study aims to explore how multi-dimensional digitization dynamically empowers green innovation networks and identifies key digitalization elements, thus effectively improving sustainable development performance. Green innovation networks of new energy enterprises in China are constructed using green patents. First, the impact of network structure on sustainable development performance is analyzed from the perspective of structural embeddedness with multiple regression analysis. Further, the dynamic evolutionary characteristics of network structure at macroscopic and mesoscopic levels are investigated through social network analysis and network motif. Then, a multi-dimensional digitalization framework is established, and the temporal exponential random graph model is employed to uncover the evolutionary mechanism of green innovation network, considering five types of digitalization elements. The findings indicate the following: (1) Green innovation network structure affects sustainable development performance and enterprises with high closeness centrality and betweenness centrality exhibit superior sustainable development performance. (2) The evolutionary characteristics of green innovation networks reveal the networks lacks resilience, necessitating the optimization of network structure through promoting formation of innovation collaboration relationships. (3) The impacts of multi-dimensional digitalization elements on green innovation network are heterogeneous and dynamic. Digital technology, digital investment, digital strategy, and digital policy empower the positive development of networks and facilitate network formation, while digital economy exerts a negative effect. Similar digital strategies among enterprises facilitate the formation of green innovation networks. This study offers valuable insights for local governments in formulating industrial policies and for new energy enterprises in optimizing digitalization elements and improving sustainable development performance.
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    • Elsevier

    Review of the Lao People's Democratic Republic energy policies for sustainable development

    Keomeesay P.Liu N.Nie Y.Li S....
    1.1-1.24页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier LtdThe Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao P.D.R) gets more than 70 % of its energy from conventional sources, which emphasizes the urgent need to switch to renewable energy. This study looks at the supply and demand scenario for energy in the Lao P.D.R. The need to reduce carbon emissions and enhance energy security in a country where over 60 % of the population lacks consistent access to electricity motivates this study. It is predicted that Laos can significantly enhance its energy sustainability by 2030 by implementing a diverse energy mix that includes at least 30 % renewable sources. A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the viability of different renewable technologies, including hydropower, solar electricity, and biomass, through the analysis of current energy policy, stakeholder interviews, and modeling scenarios. Findings indicate that switching to renewable energy could cut carbon emissions by up to 40 % and increase electrification rates by 80 % by 2030, provided that significant obstacles such as funding and technical capability are overcome. A coordinated effort among government, corporate sectors, and local communities is essential to addressing existing impediments, ultimately paving the way for a sustainable and resilient energy future in Laos.
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    • Elsevier

    Corrigendum to “A cross-scale modelling and decarbonisation quantification approach for navigating Carbon Neutrality Pathways in China” [Energy Convers. Manage. 297 (2023) 117733](S0196890423010798)(10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117733)

    Zhou Y.Lei J.Zi Y.Zheng S....
    1.1-1.1页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier LtdThe authors noticed that, after the publication of this paper (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890423010798), it has been noted by the authors that the figure caption of Fig. 13 should be updated as follows: Fig. 13. Carbon neutrality roadmaps in HKSAR and mainland China: (a) map of HKSAR; (b) map of China; (c) evolution on different decarbonization scenarios in HKSAR; (d) evolution on different decarbonization scenarios (building sector) in China [72]; (e) carbon reduction in different areas in HKSAR; (f) carbon reduction for each scenario (building sector) in China [72]. (Note: data in (d) (f) is from Research Report on Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions of Chinese Buildings (2020) by China Association of Building Energy Efficiency [72].) The above-mentioned revision of the figure caption has no impact on the figure itself, the main manuscript texts, results, or conclusions of the paper. The original reference, IEA CO2 emissions reductions in China, 2015–2060 by scenario IEA, Paris (2022) https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/charts/co2-emissions-reductions-in-china-2015-2060-by-scenario, needs to be updated by a more prior one. As the original version of Research Report on Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions of Chinese Buildings (2020) is in Chinese, we attach the link by China Association of Building Energy Efficiency as follows: https://www.cbeed.cn/statics/uploads/file/25ae16a32e572b9b287f3a2f9bc8a3a2_20231223215358.pdf. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
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    • Elsevier