查看更多>>摘要：Understanding public support for net-zero climate policy instruments is crucial for policy implementation and durability. Using survey data from a Canadian sample (n = 2362), we examine support for six net-zero policies, focusing on the roles of distributive fairness, effectiveness, and message framing. Consistent with prior research, we find that fairness perceptions are the strongest predictor of support, followed by effectiveness, though fairness judgments vary across policies. Notably, opposition to a zero-emission vehicle mandate and to a lesser extent an electric appliance mandate rivaled that of a consumer carbon tax, challenging assumptions that regulatory policies face less resistance. Distributive fairness perceptions were most influenced by expected impacts on future generations, low-income households, and rural communities, while those who prioritize equality and need-based justice principles were less likely to view policies as fair. Finally, pro-policy message frames did not shift policy support when positioned against a competing anti-policy frame, adding to the evidence that compelling counter arguments can neutralize otherwise persuasive frames. These findings highlight the need for policymakers to integrate fairness considerations into policy design and communication strategies to enhance the long-term feasibility of net-zero policy instruments.
Zwickl-Bernhard, SebastianOitzinger, MaximilianFischer, Helen AnaisBacke, Stian...
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查看更多>>摘要：What are the optimal levels of strategic solar module stockpiles in the European Union (EU) for achieving climate neutrality by 2050, and how might such stockpiles influence efforts to bolster domestic solar manufacturing and recycling industries? This paper addresses these questions, delving into the underexplored area of strategic reserves in renewable energy systems and offering actionable insights for policymakers to ensure stable solar PV deployment. Using an extended open-source energy system optimization model, 36 scenarios varying in energy costs, import dynamics, and economic factors were analyzed. The results indicate that stockpiling is cost-effective in only 8 scenarios, primarily under unfavorable import conditions. In scenarios with stockpiles, domestic manufacturing levels are, on average, lower and required later compared to scenarios without stockpiles. Stockpiles reduce import dependency by introducing temporal flexibility between module injection and withdrawal, effectively diversifying supply strategies. Additionally, they stabilize optimal wind capacities, underscoring their broader systemic role. The associated costs are modest, increasing by just 0.2 % in the reference scenario aligned with the latest Ten-Year Network Development Plan. Recycling and remanufacturing are not utilized in any scenario due to their higher costs compared to imports and EU manufacturing. From these findings, three policy recommendations emerge: (i) establish a strategic stockpile equivalent to three times the annual solar PV additions during the early 2030s, (ii) foster innovation in solar module recycling and remanufacturing in the meantime to build a resilient domestic industry, and (iii) monitor technological advancements to ensure the relevance and utility of stockpiled modules.
查看更多>>摘要：This study examines the effects of the increasing block tariffs on residential electricity consumption introduced in Kyrgyzstan in January 2015. We use seven years of data from the Kyrgyz Integrated Household Survey and difference-in-differences analysis to show that the policy's effects varied across income groups and geographic locations. Most households are unaffected by the block tariffs' introduction, as their consumption is significantly below the 700 kWh per month threshold. Households with higher incomes and those in colder regions were impacted more by the policy than their lower-income and warmer-region counterparts. Furthermore, there was a noticeable increase in energy-stacking behaviors, with households utilizing coal, wood, and dung during the heating season. This increase was evident among households already using these alternative energy sources (intensive margin) and new adopters (extensive margin). The long-term effect of the block tariffs on energy stacking proved to be more pronounced than the short-term effects. These findings give insight into energy consumption under increasing block tariffs for residential electricity in a lower-middle-income country in Central Asia. They emphasize the need to consider variations in regional climates and the effect of energy stacking when designing energy policies.
查看更多>>摘要：Electrifying household and economic activity remain a cornerstone of the transition towards deep decarbonization. This analysis conducts a cross-country evaluation through a pooled mean-group model based upon 33 OECD nations since 1980. Electrification is defined as electricity's share of the total energy system. The results show that electrification would have decreased by approximately 13-31 percent below other countries if the electricity price level had increased above other countries by 100 percent. Additional sensitivities show that symmetry between this response between price increases and price decreases depends upon whether GDP is exogenous. These estimates highlight the critical importance of finding new generation, transmission and distribution technologies that both reduce emissions and remain cost competitive. They also emphasize that any successful transition pathway must price electric power competitively based upon the opportunity costs of providing power. Efforts to bundle costly social programs and other expenses into power prices should be avoided.
查看更多>>摘要：Energy poverty and urban-rural welfare disparities are critical challenges in Tunisia's pursuit of sustainable development. Using microeconometric decomposition analysis, the study highlights the distinct issues faced by urban and rural areas in terms of energy access and welfare. The findings reveal that urban regions suffer from inefficient energy systems, such as outdated natural gas infrastructure and reliance on harmful fuels like charcoal and wood, which hinder economic resilience and equity. In contrast, rural areas face inadequate heating and limited access to reliable, affordable energy, worsening living conditions and welfare gaps. Addressing these disparities requires targeted policies: urban areas need investments to modernize energy infrastructure and reduce reliance on harmful fuels, while rural areas require improved heating solutions and reliable energy access. Implementing region-specific strategies, alongside strong stakeholder engagement and ongoing monitoring, will be crucial for bridging these gaps and advancing Tunisia's equitable and sustainable development.
查看更多>>摘要：Many countries have embraced wind energy as a key strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and advancing sustainability goals. However, wind projects frequently face opposition due to their impacts on landscapes, biodiversity, and local communities, creating a regulatory dilemma. Environmental regulators must balance the promotion of renewable energy with the need to mitigate ecological and social costs. This challenge is particularly pronounced in Israel, where ambitious renewable energy targets intersect with the country's position along a major bird migration route and its diverse, sensitive ecosystems. This study examines how environmental regulators navigate these trade-offs, focusing on the evolving stance of the Israeli Ministry of Environmental Protection on wind energy. Amid mounting pressures from energy authorities, private developers, environmental NGOs, and local communities, the Ministry eventually adopted an unprecedented position-advocating for a nationwide halt on new wind energy projects due to escalating environmental concerns. However, with limited regulatory authority, this position has primarily led to heightened scrutiny and more selective project approvals rather than an outright moratorium. This qualitative study illustrates how environmental regulators influence and respond to complex stakeholder dynamics in wind energy governance, offering valuable insights for countries facing similar sustainability trade-offs.
查看更多>>摘要：Smart meter technology provides a range of benefits to residential endusers from reducing their energy consumption, increase renewable energy deployment and generate cost savings. Although the infrastructure in Vienna, Austria, is nearly fully deployed, the active utilization of smart meter functionalities, which is key to leverage its full potential, remains poor. This research explores motivational factors and barriers using qualitative data from 26 semi-structured interviews conducted in Vienna, Austria. In general, the willingness to use smart meters is high; however, awareness about their functionalities is low. Besides well-known factors of pro-environmental behavior and cost-savings analyzed in available literature, our results point out the relevance of self-determination, which is key for utilization. On the other side, information decifit, cognitive load, risk-aversion, have been identified as key barriers to utilization. Based on our results, we compare the findings to other countries with different rollout strategies. Finally, practical policy recommendations are discussed to increase active smart meter utilization.
查看更多>>摘要：A value-led perspective is proposed as a basis for optimising development of commercial fusion technologies. Strategic consequences are outlined, including recommendations for maximising the value generated by global research programmes in aggregate. Specifically: A wide variety of small devices, capable of delivering heat, should be all explored as soon as possible, in parallel, and likely with considerably larger funding efforts than are exerted today. To maximise these uncertain benefits brought by a potential, future fusion industry, comprehensive measures of value should be embedded within decision and design processes - from national strategies to individual device components.
查看更多>>摘要：We study the macroeconomic effects of four fiscal policy responses to an energy supply shock: energy vouchers to all households, energy vouchers only to low-income households, energy vouchers to non-energy goods producers, and subsidies for investments in the energy sector. The analysis is carried out in a DSGE model that explicitly includes the energy sector. Calibrating the model to Swedish data, our results show that subsidies for investment in the energy sector are the most effective instrument to reduce energy prices in the short to medium term. However, this policy is welfare-dominated by energy vouchers given to households, as it immediately compensates low-income, non-saving households in the event of a shock. Providing energy vouchers to non-energy firms prevents energy prices from falling as quickly as they would without policy intervention and is also the least desirable from a welfare perspective.
查看更多>>摘要：Energy-related methane (ERM) emissions constitute the primary source of anthropogenic methane emissions, attracting significant attention from policymakers and researchers globally. While existing research focuses predominantly on producer carbon emission reduction responsibility, limited attention has been paid to embodied ERM emissions transfer and inter-provincial trade-driven reduction responsibilities. This study employs Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) modeling and Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method to analyze production and consumption-based embodied ERM emissions in China. Results reveal significant embodied ERM emission transfers from energy-rich to developed provinces due to regional energy productionconsumption disparities. Driving factor analysis indicates that energy consumption intensity emerges as the primary reduction driver, while economic activity effect, emission structure intensity, and population scale contribute to increased emissions, with varying provincial impacts. In light of these findings, we recommend incorporating embodied ERM emissions into provincial reduction responsibilities and developing locally tailored strategies from both production and consumption perspectives that align with SDGs 7, 12, and 13. These practical and managerial insights provide valuable guidance for emerging economies undergoing industrialization and urbanization.
NETL
NSTL
Elsevier