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Journal of power sources
Elsevier Science S.A.
Journal of power sources

Elsevier Science S.A.

半月刊

0378-7753

Journal of power sources/Journal Journal of power sourcesSCIISTP
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    Gas-phase Kirkendall effect inducing built-in bifunctional ultrafine Cu nanocrystalline integrated 3D hollow nanoporous CuxO anode towards excellent lithium storage performance

    Liu, HuanyanLu, BoboZhang, ShichaoLiu, Wenbo...
    1.1-1.8页
    查看更多>>摘要：Traditional CuxO (x = 1, 2) electrodes exhibit excellent specific capacity, but the poor stress-buffering performance and inferior conductivity hinder its further application. To solve these issues, herein, we develop a built-in bifunctional ultrafine Cu nanocrystalline networks hybridized 3D hollow nanoporous CuxO (BUCN@3D-HN CuxO) integrated anode by a facile gas-phase Kirkendall effect. The 3D hollow nanoporous (3D-HN) structure can bidirectionally retard the change of stress, while the built-in ultrafine Cu nanocrystalline networks (BUCN) own the effect of providing rapid internal electron transport across the active/inert Cu/CuxO system. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of the excellent stress-buffering ability and improved electronic conductivity, the designed BUCN@3D-HN CuxO electrode delivers a high initial reversible capacity of 1.67 mAh cm- 2 under the current density of 1 mA cm- 2. Besides, a high capacity retention of 0.96 mAh cm- 2 with a high capacity retention ratio of 85.7 % is achieved even after 800 cycles at a high rate of 4 mA cm- 2. This work provides a facile yet effective method to prepare hollow nanoporous electrodes and emphasizes the significance of active/inert system, which may shed light on the design of other high-performance electrodes beyond Lithium-ion batteries.
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    An advanced bifunctional single-element-incorporated ternary perovskite cathode for next-generation fuel cells

    Ye H.Ye Q.Li X.Dong F....
    1.1-1.11页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier B.V.Bifunctional perovskite oxides are widely considered to be promising cathode materials for the commercialization of fuel cells, with cobalt-rich variants traditionally preferred. However, challenges such as instability at elevated temperatures and high cost hinder their commercial viability. To address these issues, this study successfully develops a high-performance, cobalt-free ternary cathode material, Ba0.95Pr0.05FeO3-δ (BP5F), by substituting a small amount of Pr into the A-site of the perovskite parent BaFeO3-δ (BF), tailored for bifunctional applications in both solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs). The incorporation of Pr not only optimizes the crystal phase structure but also enhances the oxygen vacancy concentration and triple-conducting capabilities of BP5F. Consequently, this cathode material exhibits remarkable electrocatalytic activity at intermediate-to-low temperatures (ILT, 400–700 °C), with ultra-low area specific resistances of just 0.028 and 0.134 Ω cm2 at 600 °C in symmetrical cells with oxygen ion- and proton-conducting electrolytes, respectively. Correspondingly, in single cells, the peak power densities reach up to 1.528 and 1.135 W cm−2. Furthermore, BP5F demonstrates exceptional long-term durability, operating stably for over 100 h at 600 °C in both SOFC and PCFC single cells. These performance metrics position BP5F among the best-performing ternary perovskite oxides to date. Experimental results combined with theoretical calculations validate the critical role of Pr, establishing BP5F as a highly promising and economically viable bifunctional candidate perovskite cathode, thus providing a significant step towards the commercial development of fuel cell technologies.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL

    Molten carbonate electrolyzer for synthetic fuel generation

    Martsinchyk, AliaksandrSzczesniak, ArkadiuszMartsinchyk, KatsiarynaDybinski, Olaf...
    1.1-1.11页
    查看更多>>摘要：In the transition to a CO2-neutral circular economy, innovative solutions for e-fuels production are imperative. This study delineates the potential of molten carbonate electrolysis, utilizing a reversible molten carbonate fuel cell technology, recognized for its efficacy in large-scale electrical power generation and CO2 capture, to steer a groundbreaking pathway to e-fuels production through molten carbon electrolyzer modality. By meticulously scrutinizing the rMCFC's electrochemical behavior under assorted thermal-flow parameters, we offer an incisive analysis of its operation in the electrolysis mode, thereby unveiling a promising avenue for high-efficiency gaseous fuel production through electrochemical reactions. The experimental study includes current-voltage assessments and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, providing an elucidative view of the cell's performance landscape. Moreover, SEM microscopy was employed in both pre- and post-mortem stages, facilitating a deep understanding of material degradation mechanisms. Our results not only enhance the contemporary comprehension of reversible cell operations but also delineate the pivotal operating parameters that are conducive to optimizing both fuel cell and electrolysis modes, signposting a highly promising route to efficient and sustainable e-fuels production for the future circular economy. This study stands as a critical milestone in harnessing the molten carbonate electrolysis technology as a corner stone on the roadmap towards achieving a high-efficiency e-fuels production ecosystem.
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    • Elsevier

    High-entropy Li-rich layered oxide cathode for Li-ion batteries

    Kim, JaeminYang, SonggeZhong, YuTompsett, Geoffrey...
    1.1-1.11页
    查看更多>>摘要：High-entropy oxides (HEOs) are emerging as promising cathode materials for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their stable solid-state phase and compositional flexibility. Herein, we investigate the structural and electrochemical properties of a novel non-equimolar high-entropy cathode material, termed high-entropy Li-rich layered oxide (HE-LLO, Li1.15Na0.05Ni0.19Mn0.56Fe0.02Mg0.02Al0.02O1.97F0.03), in comparison to a pristine Li-rich layered oxide (PR-LLO, Li1.2Ni0.2Mn0.6O2). The incorporation of multiple cations (Na+, Al3+, Mg2+, Fe3+) and anion (F-) into HE-LLO introduces compositional diversity, enhancing structural stability through the entropy stabilization effect. Theoretical calculations confirm a significantly higher configurational entropy in HE-LLO compared to PRLLO, supporting its high-entropy nature. Electrochemical evaluations demonstrate that HE-LLO exhibits considerable capacity retention, preserving 76.8 % of its discharge capacity at 0.5C after 200 cycles, compared to only 36.2 % for PR-LLO. Even under high-temperature conditions, HE-LLO outperformed PR-LLO, maintaining 76.1 % of its discharge capacity after 100 cycles at 5C, while PR-LLO retained only 12.4 %. These enhancements are attributed to the improved phase reversibility and higher Li+ ion diffusion coefficients of HE-LLO, validated by ex-situ characterizations using a synchrotron X-ray technique, along with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. These findings highlight the promise of non-equimolar HEOs as a novel design strategy for highperformance cathode materials.
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    • NETL
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    • Elsevier

    Regulation strategy of preparation methods for new spherical La-Y-Ni hydrogen storage alloy with ultra-long cycle lives

    Zhou S.Wang L.Li B.He X....
    1.1-1.12页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier B.V.La-Y-Ni-based alloys are high-performance superlattice rare-earth H2-storage electrode materials. However, their complex phase structural evolution results in poor electrochemical cycle lives. In this study, a gas atomization method develops to obtain spherical La-Y-Ni-based hydrogen storage alloys with high structural stability. The spherical La-Y-Ni powder exhibits a narrow particle size distribution between 30 and 75 μm and capacity retention over 60 % for 600 cycles. A three-dimensional particle insertion strain model and finite element simulations reveal the direct effects of the particle morphology on the stress distribution during hydrogen embedding. The spherical powder exhibits a uniform strain, good mechanical properties, and resistance against pulverization and damage. The new preparation strategy for spherical powders prominently regulates the [A2B4] subunit, decreasing the subunit mismatch and lattice strain, and improving the structural stability during the hydrogen absorption/desorption. In addition, the morphology regulation, phase composition controllability, platform characteristics and electrochemical properties investigate by comparing the use of gas atomization, casting, and rapid quenching. This study provides a new direction for developing high-performance spherical electrode materials.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Zinc dendrite removal in a nickel-zinc battery with flow-through electrodes

    Collins-Wildman D.L.Higa K.Battaglia V.S.
    1.1-1.8页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024The development and deployment of inexpensive energy storage technologies is critical to realizing a clean energy grid. Batteries are being used in this role, but there remains a need for research on systems that are designed specifically for stationary energy storage, with a focus on lowering the overall cost rather than prioritizing the system energy density, specific energy, and power output. Here, we report the development of ultra-thick (1 cm thick) electrodes with engineered flow channels and explore the variables determining how thick these electrodes can feasibly be. Our proof of concept cell, utilizing the alkaline Ni-Zn chemistry, shows stable cycling over the initial 60 cycles but still suffers from the common Zn dendrite growth at the anode. To extend the life of these systems we report our novel methodology to completely remove Zn dendrites by exploiting the flow-through nature of our electrode architecture.
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    • NETL
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    • Elsevier

    Utilization of superhydrophilic metallosurfactant electrocatalyst for enhanced cathodic oxygen reduction reaction in Microbial Fuel Cell

    Devi P.Kaur G.Mehta H.Batra U....
    1.1-1.11页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier B.V.The microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have the ability to produce clean energy from waste, but the process needs to be more sustainable, cost effective, durable and scalable. A Palladium metallosurfactant PdDDAB (Didodecyldimethylammonium palladium bromide dichloride) based super-hydrophilic bilayered film is developed on carbon cloth (CC) as Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) cathode catalyst for microbial fuel cell using one step hydrothermal approach. At an optimized concentration (1.5 mM), catalyst shows a higher increase in the current density, a thousand fold rise in the exchange current density. Moreover, 60 times reduced polarisation resistance than bare CC and decreased tafel slope is observed. The PdDDAB-coated electrode exhibits a more positive onset potential and retains 90.8 % initial current density for 24 h showing remarkable stability against ORR. The enhanced catalytic performance in ORR is due to formation of uniform bilayered lamellar membrane with super-hydrophilic behavior, arising from the synergistic effect of electrochemical properties of Pd and the surface characteristics of DDAB surfactant. The catalyst also demonstrates 150 % higher current density (471.8 mA/m2) in single-chamber MFCs with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa compared to bare CC electrode (187.7 mA/m2).
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    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    A sustainable green strategy: Flame-retardant cellulose-based separators for enhancing the safety and cycle stability of lithium-ion batteries

    Ren J.Guo J.Luo X.Dai X....
    1.1-1.14页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier B.V.Lithium-ion battery (LIB) separators act an essential role on maintaining electrochemical properties and safety, while polyolefin-based separators exhibit poor thermal stability, resulting in potential safety concerns. In this work, based on 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP), cellulose-based separator modified by HCCP cross-linked 4-AP, named CBS@H-AP, is fabricated to improve the safety and electrochemical stability of LIB. CBS@H-AP is synthesized through the crosslinking reaction of H-AP on the cellulose surface. CBS@H-AP demonstrates low flammability (self-extinguishing) and high thermal-dimensional stability (no apparent heat shrinkage at 240 °C for 5 min). Furthermore, CBS@H-AP discloses high porosity (68.4 %) and wettability (a contact angle of electrolyte of 15.1°). LIB utilizing CBS@H-AP separator unfolds excellent cycle stability, maintaining a capacity retention of 97.2 % and an average coulombic efficiency of 99.2 % at 0.5C over 100 cycles. This work opens up new possibilities for the application of cellulose-based separators in enhancing the safety and cycle stability of LIBs.
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    The influence of electrode crack dimensions on the durability of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

    Taylor A.K.Hu L.Rodriguez-Nazario A.Young J.L....
    1.1-1.12页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier B.V.Electrode cracks in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are correlated with early onset failures. In this work we investigate the influence of cracked gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) on the durability of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) using a combined chemical-mechanical accelerated stress test (AST). Electrode crack dimensions were systematically tuned using ink formulations and material selection strategies. A parameter to describe the crack width areal density (ΦCW) was used to quantify the degree of discontinuity in the electrode surfaces. Open circuit voltage (OCV) transient analyses were used to benchmark and characterize the failure mechanisms in the MEAs as a function of the ΦCW. While smaller electrode-level cracks, on the order of microns, yielded a 28 % decrease in operating lifetime, larger cracks that propagated from a discontinuous, microporous layer (MPL) coating, decreased the operating lifetime by 56 %. This work emphasizes the need for material processing strategies that consider defect tolerances to limit membrane failures in PEMFCs.
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    • NETL
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    • Elsevier

    Oxygen vacancy-assisted construction of phosphorus-doped layers to improve the lithium storage performance of T-Nb2O5

    Wang X.He R.Bai Y.Yao F....
    1.1-1.9页
    查看更多>>摘要：© 2024 Elsevier B.V.T-Nb2O5 is a promising anode material for high power density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its fast lithium storage capacity and safe lithiation potential. However, its practical application is hindered by its low electronic conductivity. In this work, we improved the electrochemical performance of T-Nb2O5 by surface P-doping and the N-doped carbon substrate. Surface P-doping guided by defects enhances the electronic conductivity of the material, which can synergize with N-doped carbon substrates to form a conductive network and accelerate the lithiation/delithiation process. More importantly, surface P-doping does not destroy the internal crystal structure of the material, ensuring the stability of the Nb2O5 during the charge/discharge process. When used as the anode for LIBs, the Nb2O5-P/N-C exhibits great cycling stability and high-current charge/discharge performance. The specific capacity of Nb2O5-P/N-C exceeds 116 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g−1. This work presents a novel approach to improve the electrochemical performance of T-Nb2O5.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier