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    Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology Have Reported New Data on Acute-Phase Proteins (Generating and Transferring Priors for Causal Bayesian Network Parameter Estimation In Robotic Tasks)

    97-98页
    查看更多>>摘要：new study on Proteins - Acute-Phase Proteins is now available. According to news reporting originating from Gothenburg, Sweden, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, “Robots acting in human environments will often face new situations and can benefit from transferring prior experience. Priors could enable robots to handle new tasks zero-shot and help prevent failures, which can be particularly costly in real robot applications.” Financial support for this research came from Chalmers AI Research Centre. Our news editors obtained a quote from the research from the Chalmers University of Technology, “Due to their interpretable nature, causal Bayesian Networks (CBN) are popular for modeling cause-effect relations between semantically meaningful environment features and their effects on action success. While the CBN structure is often intuitively transferable to a new context, its probability distribution might change, requiring data-intensive relearning. In this letter, we propose three strategies that utilize semantic similarity and relatedness between the variables of two CBNs to generate and transfer informed CBN distribution priors. We evaluate the parameter prior accuracy in five different transfer scenarios, including sim-2-real, transferring parameters to more complex tasks with a larger number of parameters and even between two different tasks, which is particularly challenging.”
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • IEEE

    Recent Research from Hainan University Highlight Findings in Support Vector Machines (A Nonlinear Kernel Svm Classifier Via L0/1 Soft-margin Loss With Classification Performance)

    98-99页
    查看更多>>摘要：Investigators publish new report on Support Vector Machines. According to news reporting from Haikou, People’s Republic of China, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, “Recent advance in linear support vector machine with the 0-1 soft-margin loss (L-0/1-SVM) shows the ability to solve the 0-1 loss problem directly. However, its theoretical and algorithmic requirements restrict us from directly extending the linear solving framework to its nonlinear kernel form.” Funders for this research include Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province, China, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), Scientific Research cultivation project for young teachers at Hainan University, Education Department of Hainan Province, China, Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Statistical Computation of Hainan Province.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Studies from Wuhan Textile University in the Area of Robotics and Automation Described (Learning To Unfold Garment Effectively Into Oriented Direction)

    99-100页
    查看更多>>摘要：Fresh data on Robotics - Robotics and Automation are presented in a new report. According to news reporting from Wuhan, People’s Republic of China, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, “In the real world, unfolding the garment to a specific plane direction and vertical facing can make the downstream task, i.e. folding, more convenient and effective. Then, we propose a policy that strategically selects action between the dynamic fling and quasi-static pick & place to effectively unfold any arbitrarily configured garment into two specific orientations with maximum coverage.” The news correspondents obtained a quote from the research from Wuhan Textile University, “In this work, we define a novel factorized reward function comprising garment coverage and two orientations (plane direction and novel proposed vertical facing) to train the policy. Moreover, we employ two prior knowledge modules: the Value Attention Module and the Action Optimized Module. The former assigns higher value weights to the key points of the garment, while the latter optimizes the lifting height and the flinging speed. Experimentally, we demonstrate the performance against three baselines in simulation. Our approach achieves two specific orientation configurations, especially in the vertical facing, which is not addressed by other methods. Furthermore, compared to the SOTA, we achieved approximately 4.0% and 17.6% improvements in coverage and manipulation steps, respectively. Our method is also finetuned on a real dual-arm robot to narrow the gap between the real world and simulation.”
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • IEEE

    Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne Reports Findings in Personality Disorders (The quest for a biological phenotype of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury: a machine-learning approach)

    100-101页
    查看更多>>摘要：New research on Mental Health Diseases and Conditions - Personality Disorders is the subject of a report. According to news originating from Cologne, Germany, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, “Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a transdiagnostic psychiatric symptom with high prevalence and relevance in child and adolescent psychiatry. Therefore, it is of great interest to identify a biological phenotype associated with NSSI.” Our news journalists obtained a quote from the research from the Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, “The aim of the present study was to cross-sectionally investigate patterns of biological markers underlying NSSI and associated psychopathology in a sample of female patients and healthy controls. Comprehensive clinical data, saliva and blood samples, heart rate variability and pain sensitivity, were collected in n = 149 patients with NSSI and n = 40 healthy participants. Using machine-based learning, we tested the extent to which oxytocin, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), beta-endorphin, free triiodothyronine (fT3), leukocytes, heart rate variability and pain sensitivity were able to classify participants regarding their clinical outcomes in NSSI, depression and borderline personality disorder symptomatology. We evaluated the predictive performance of several models (linear and logistic regression, elastic net regression, random forests, gradient boosted trees) using repeated cross-validation. With NSSI as an outcome variable, both logistic regression and machine learning models showed moderate predictive performance (Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve between 0.67 and 0.69). Predictors with the highest predictive power were low oxytocin (OR = 0.55; p = 0.002), low pain sensitivity (OR = 1.15; p = 0.021), and high leukocytes (OR = 1.67; p = 0.015). For the psychopathological outcome variables, i.e., depression and borderline personality disorder symptomatology, models including the biological variables performed not better than the null model. A combination of hormonal and inflammatory markers, as well as pain sensitivity, were able to discriminate between participants with and without NSSI disorder. Based on this dataset, however, complex machine learning models were not able to detect non-linear patterns of associations between the biological markers.”
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL

    Reports Outline Robotics Findings from Harbin Institute of Technology (Development of a Miniature Piezoelectric Robot Combining Three Unconventional Inertial Impact Modes)

    101-102页
    查看更多>>摘要：Investigators discuss new findings in Robotics. According to news originating from Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, “A novel miniature piezoelectric robot (MPR) was designed and proposed in this work, in which a unique structural feature is that the robot base is only obtained through a single cuboid block, having good simplicity and compactness. Besides, unlike the slow-fast periodic horizontal deformation of the inertial unit in traditional inertial impact mode, three unconventional (diagonal, jumping, resonant) inertial impact modes (DIIM, JIIM, and RIIM) based on the unique structure of the robot were proposed to achieve the performance improvement in both resolution, single step value, and motion speed.” Funders for this research include National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Reports Findings in Pseudarthrosis (Clinical observation of posterior approach for surgical treatment of thoracolumbar pseudarthrosis in ankylosing spinal disorders)

    102-103页
    查看更多>>摘要：New research on Pseudarthrosis is the subject of a report. According to news originating from Suzhou, People’s Republic of China, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, “To evaluate the surgical effectiveness of posterior procedure with long segment stabilization for treating thoracolumbar pseudarthrosis associated with ankylosing spinal disorders (ASD) without anterior fusion or osteotomy. Twelve patients with thoracolumbar pseudarthrosis in ASD were enrolled.” Our news journalists obtained a quote from the research from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, “All patients underwent posterior long-segment stabilization procedures. In some patients, the percutaneous technique or the aid of a robot or O-arm navigation was utilized for pedicle screw implantation. The clinical results were evaluated by means of the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Radiological outcomes were evaluated for bone fusion, anterior column defect, local kyphotic correction (LK) and position of the pedicle screws. All patients experienced effective bone fusion at the sites of pseudarthrosis. The mean operative time was 161.7±57.1 min, and the average amount of blood loss was 305.8 ± 293.2 ml. For six patients who underwent surgery with the assistance of a robot or O-arm navigation, there was no statistically significant difference observed in terms of operative time and mean blood loss compared to those who used the freehand technique (P ＞0.05). The VAS score, ODI value, and mean LK angle showed significant improvements at the final follow-up (P ＜0.05). The accuracy of pedicle screw placement was 96%. Posterior surgery with long-segment fixation, without anterior fusion or osteotomy, can achieve satisfactory outcomes in ASD patients with thoracolumbar pseudarthrosis.”
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL

    Research on Machine Learning Reported by Researchers at Alexandria University (Machine learning and IoT - Based predictive maintenance approach for industrial applications)

    103-103页
    查看更多>>摘要：Investigators discuss new findings in artificial intelligence. According to news reporting out of Alexandria University by NewsRx editors, research stated, “Unplanned outage in industry due to machine failures can lead to significant production losses and increased maintenance costs.” Financial supporters for this research include Stdf. Our news reporters obtained a quote from the research from Alexandria University: “Predictive maintenance methods use the data collected from IoT-enabled devices installed in working machines to detect incipient faults and prevent major failures. In this study, a predictive maintenance system based on machine learning algorithms, specifically AdaBoost, is presented to classify different types of machines stops in real-time with application in knitting machines. The data collected from the machines include machine speeds and steps, which were pre-processed and fed into the machine learning model to classify six types of machines stops: gate stop, feeder stop, needle stop, completed roll stop, idle stop, and lycra stop. The model is trained and optimized using a combination of hyperparameter tuning and cross-validation techniques to achieve an accuracy of 92% on the test set.”
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    University of Porto Researchers Yield New Study Findings on Machine Learning (The world in a grain of sand: Condensing the string vacuum degeneracy)

    104-105页
    查看更多>>摘要：Research findings on artificial intelligence are discussed in a new report. According to news reporting out of Porto, Portugal, by NewsRx editors, research stated, “The proliferation of vacuum solutions to string theory highly deter the search for the Standard Model.” Financial supporters for this research include Stfc. Our news reporters obtained a quote from the research from University of Porto: “We propose a novel approach to this problem by finding an efficient measure of similarity of vacua. Using one million concrete examples, the paradigm of few-shot machine-learning represents them as points in Euclidean three-space with similar points clustered together. We thereby compress the search space for desired physics to within one percent of the original.”
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Data on Robotics Described by Researchers at Drexel University (A Multi-scale Robotic Approach for Precise Crack Measurement In Concrete Structures)

    104-104页
    查看更多>>摘要：Current study results on Robotics have been published. According to news reporting originating in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, “This paper introduces a multi-scale robotic approach for measuring the width, length, shape, and profile of hairline cracks in concrete structures. The approach uses a convolutional neural network to identify potential surface cracks, and then robotically navigates a high-resolution laser scanner to measure the detailed shape of the detected cracks.” Financial support for this research came from Drexel University. The news reporters obtained a quote from the research from Drexel University, “Finally, 3D point cloud registration techniques fuse the laser scans with LiDAR-based scan of the surrounding environment. The proposed method is validated with computer simulations and physical experiments on a concrete specimen. The results are compared against the state-of-the-art, vision-based methods as well as readings of a transparent crack width ruler.”
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Elsevier

    Agency for Science Researcher Provides New Insights into Boltzmann Machines (Effect of stochastic activation function on reconstruction performance of restricted Boltzmann machines with stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions)

    105-106页
    查看更多>>摘要：New research on Boltzmann machines is the subject of a new report. According to news originating from the Agency for Science by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, “Stochastic Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (SMTJs) emerge as a promising candidate for neuromorphic computing.” Financial supporters for this research include Agency For Science, Technology And Research. The news journalists obtained a quote from the research from Agency for Science: “The inherent stochasticity of SMTJs makes them ideal for implementing stochastic synapses or neurons in neuromorphic computing. However, the stochasticity of SMTJs may impair the performance of neuromorphic systems. In this study, we conduct a systematic examination of the influence of three stochastic effects (shift, change of slope, and broadening) on the sigmoid activation function. We further explore the implications of these effects on the reconstruction performance of Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs). We find that the trainability of RBMs is robust against the three stochastic effects. However, reconstruction error is strongly related to the three stochastic effects in SMTJs-based RBMs.”
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL