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    Reports on Machine Learning from University of Turin Provide New Insights (Public Tenders, Complaints, Machine Learning and Recommender Systems: a Case Study In Public Administration)

    30-30页
    查看更多>>摘要:Data detailed on Machine Learning have been presented. According to news reporting out of Turin, Italy, by NewsRx editors, research stated, "With the proliferation of e-procurement systems in the public sector, valuable and open information sources can be jointly accessed." Our news journalists obtained a quote from the research from the University of Turin, "Our research aims to explore different legal Open Data; in particular, we explored the data set of the National Anti- Corruption Authority in Italy on public procurement and the judges' sentences related to public procurement, published on the website of the Italian Administrative Justice from 2007 to 2022. Our first goal was to train machine learning models capable of automatically recognizing which procurement has led to disputes and consequently complaints to the Administrative Justice, identifying the relevant features of procurement that correspond to certain anomalies."

    Investigators at Fudan University Report Findings in Machine Learning (An Origami Continuum Manipulator With Modularized Design and Hybrid Actuation: Accurate Kinematic Modeling and Experiments)

    31-31页
    查看更多>>摘要:Current study results on Machine Learning have been published. According to news reporting from Yiwu, People's Republic of China, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, "Herein, this study contributes significantly to the advancement of continuum manipulators in two main aspects. First, a modularization concept and a hybrid actuation scheme to create a novel origami continuum manipulator with exceptional deformability are introduced." Financial support for this research came from National Natural Science Foundation of China. The news correspondents obtained a quote from the research from Fudan University, "Second, an accurate model and framework for the forward and inverse kinematic analysis of origami manipulators are proposed. Specifically, each origami manipulator module can achieve axial extension and bending deformation by coordinated actuation of shape memory alloy (SMA) and pneumatic muscles, and the manipulator's end is equipped with a deformable gripper based on waterbomb origami and actuated by SMA. Through careful consideration of the self-weight and torque balance, an accurate kinematic model based on the Denavit-Hartenberg method is established, which enables one to effectively predict the reachable extreme positions and spatial poses of the manipulator and solve the inverse kinematics using a genetic algorithm. Comprehensive experiments are conducted to validate the design's rationality and model's accuracy. In these tests, the rich spatial configurations are not only demonstrated that can be achieved by integrating hybrid actuators with origami modules but also the accuracy and reliability of the kinematic model are confirmed, opening up possibilities for the advancement and application of origami-inspired robotics in various fields. In this research, not only a novel modular design and hybrid actuation method for a Yoshimura-ori-based continuum robotic manipulator is proposed, but also a systematic framework for designing, calibrating, and modeling the origami manipulator and analyzing its forward/inverse kinematic problems is provided."

    Data on Robotics Reported by Researchers at Hanyang University (Reduced Model Predictive Control Toward Highly Dynamic Quadruped Locomotion)

    32-32页
    查看更多>>摘要:A new study on robotics is now available. According to news originating from Seoul, South Korea, by NewsRx editors, the research stated, "Controlling quadruped robots during dynamic motions presents significant challenges due to constraints on ground reaction forces and the inherent complexity of their dynamics." Our news correspondents obtained a quote from the research from Hanyang University: "Model predictive control (MPC) has shown promise in addressing these challenges. However, the performance of MPC strongly relies on the accuracy and complexity of the model, making the modeling process critical for dynamic locomotion control. This paper introduces a novel approach using the reduced single rigid body model (SRBM) and an associated MPC for achieving high-frequency control-crucial for highly dynamic locomotion. The reduced SRBM is derived by isolating the key components responsible for robot balance from the full SRBM, reducing model complexity without compromising control performance. Additionally, the planar kinematics is developed that considers the motions neglected in the reduced model. This enables the design of foot trajectories that facilitate omni-directional motion and yaw control."

    Capital Normal University Reports Findings in Machine Learning (Prediction of chlorophyll a and risk assessment of water blooms in Poyang Lake based on a machine learning method)

    32-33页
    查看更多>>摘要:New research on Machine Learning is the subject of a report. According to news reporting from Beijing, People's Republic of China, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, "Four different methods were used to identify the important factors influencing chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) content: correlation analysis (CC-NMI), principal component analysis (PCA), decision tree (DT), and random forest recursive feature elimination (RF-RFE). Considering the relationship between Chl-a and its active and passive factors,we established machine learning combination models based on multiple linear regression (MLR), multi-layer perceptron (MLP), and support vector regression (SVR) to predict Chl-a content for Poyang Lake, China." The news correspondents obtained a quote from the research from Capital Normal University, "Then, the predictive effects of different combination models were compared and evaluated from multiple perspectives. Considering the actual needs for eutrophication prevention and control, the concept of risk probability was then introduced to assess the risk degree of risk associated with water blooms in Poyang Lake. The results indicated that the mean R for the Chl-a predictions using the MLR, MLP, and SVR models was 0.21, 0.61, and 0.75, respectively. Consequently, the SVR model demonstrated higher precision and more accurate predictions. Compared to other methods, integrating the SVR model with the RF-RFE method significantly improved the prediction accuracy, with the R increasing to 0.94. For Poyang Lake, 8.8% of random samples indicated a low risk level with a water bloom probability of 21.1%-36.5%; one sample indicated a medium risk level with a risk probability of 45.5%. The research results offer valuable insights for predicting eutrophication and conducting risk assessments for Poyang Lake. They also provide reliable scientific support for making decisions about eutrophication in lakes and reservoirs."

    Reports from Shenzhen University Highlight Recent Findings in Machine Learning (Xfem and Machine Learning Combined Approach for Failure Prediction of Microcapsules In Cement-based Self-healing Materials)

    34-34页
    查看更多>>摘要:Research findings on Machine Learning are discussed in a new report. According to news reporting originating in Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, "The cracking behavior of microcapsules in cement-based self-healing materials is essential for releasing healing agents during crack healing. In this study, the extended finite element method and machine learning were combined to predict the competitive behavior of microcapsule debonding and rupture." Funders for this research include Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province, National Key R&D Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Durability for Marine Civil Engineering (SZU), Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Low-carbon Construction Material and Technology.

    Study Findings from Nanjing Forestry University Provide New Insights into Machine Learning (Shear Strength Prediction of Frpstrengthened Concrete Beams Using Interpretable Machine Learning)

    34-35页
    查看更多>>摘要:A new study on Machine Learning is now available. According to news reporting originating in Nanjing, People's Republic of China, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, "This study identified the factors affecting the contribution of externally bonded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite (Vf) to the shear strength of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with internal shear reinforcement through the use of interpretable machine learning (ML). A comprehensive database with 442 RC beams strengthened in shear with FRP was established and subjected to data anomaly detection using the isolation forest algorithm." Funders for this research include National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), Basic Research Program from the National Sci-ence Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China, Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China.

    Data on Robotics Discussed by Researchers at Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (D50: Autonomous Robotic Telescope In Ondrejov)

    35-36页
    查看更多>>摘要:Fresh data on Robotics are presented in a new report. According to news reporting from Ondrejov, Czech Republic, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, "The D50 is an autonomous robotic telescope, located at the Ondrejov observatory in the Czech Republic. Completed in 2007, the telescope's primary purpose was and is to respond to gamma-ray burst detections." The news correspondents obtained a quote from the research from the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, "After several years of use, some parts of the telescope have been redesigned to be more reliable and better suited to its primary purpose. In addition, the telescope serves as a testbed for development and student projects, so it is continuously being improved in hardware and software." According to the news reporters, the research concluded: "We present the current status and parameters of the telescope as well as the level of data processing automation we have achieved." This research has been peer-reviewed.

    Technische Universitat Wien Reports Findings in Robotics (An analytical performance approach for RCS/RS with one robot serving multiple stack heights under a one-path relocation strategy)

    36-37页
    查看更多>>摘要:New research on Robotics is the subject of a report. According to news originating from Vienna, Austria, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, "Robotic compact storage and retrieval systems (RCS/RS) represent a modern and useful storage system since the number of installed systems is growing fast. The modularity and demand-based scalability are reasons, therefore." Our news journalists obtained a quote from the research from Technische Universitat Wien, "Nonetheless, there are hardly any statements on the performance of those warehouses. This paper presents an analytical calculation approach to determine the performance of an RCS/RS with one operating robot serving different grid sizes and a varying number of stacked containers. The robot's cycle time is calculated by assuming a uniform distribution of container stacks and a probabilistic storage height. A discrete-event simulation model of an RCS/RS is built to verify and validate the analytical approximations. The system's basic structure and the input parameters originate from a European material handling provider. After the verification and validation, an extensive parameter variation is done with the target of displaying a wide range of usage."

    Findings on Artificial Intelligence Detailed by Investigators at University of Roma 'Tor Vergata' (Chatgpt Integration In Perovskite Research: Unveiling Pros and Cons of Ai Integration for Scientific Advancements)

    37-37页
    查看更多>>摘要:Fresh data on Artificial Intelligence are presented in a new report. According to news reporting from Rome, Italy, by NewsRx editors, the research stated, "The integration of ChatGPT into perovskite research gives a significant step in the intersection of artificial intelligence and materials science. This analysis explores the sophisticated aspects, uncovering both advantages and disadvantages in deploying ChatGPT within the specialized field of perovskite materials." Funders for this research include HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme, European Union's Horizon Europe program. The news correspondents obtained a quote from the research from the University of Roma 'Tor Vergata', "By examining potential benefits, such as streamlined knowledge synthesis and improved communication, we contribute to the ongoing discussion on responsible AI implementation in materials science. This intricated examination is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of how ChatGPT can drive advancements while addressing ethical considerations and potential drawbacks in the perovskite research community."

    University of Antwerp Reports Findings in Artificial Intelligence (Microsoft Bing outperforms five other generative artificial intelligence chatbots in the Antwerp University multiple choice medical license exam)

    38-38页
    查看更多>>摘要:New research on Artificial Intelligence is the subject of a report. According to news reporting originating in Antwerp, Belgium, by NewsRx journalists, research stated, "Recently developed chatbots based on large language models (further called bots) have promising features which could facilitate medical education. Several bots are freely available, but their proficiency has been insufficiently evaluated." The news reporters obtained a quote from the research from the University of Antwerp, "In this study the authors have tested the current performance on the multiple-choice medical licensing exam of University of Antwerp (Belgium) of six widely used bots: ChatGPT (OpenAI), Bard (Google), New Bing (Microsoft), Claude instant (Anthropic), Claude+ (Anthropic) and GPT-4 (OpenAI). The primary outcome was the performance on the exam expressed as a proportion of correct answers. Secondary analyses were done for a variety of features in the exam questions: easy versus difficult questions, grammatically positive versus negative questions, and clinical vignettes versus theoretical questions. Reasoning errors and untruthful statements (hallucinations) in the bots' answers were examined. All bots passed the exam; Bing and GPT-4 (both 76% correct answers) outperformed the other bots (62-67%, p = 0.03) and students (61%). Bots performed worse on difficult questions (62%, p = 0.06), but outperformed students (32%) on those questions even more (p <0.01). Hallucinations were found in 7% of Bing's and GPT4's answers, significantly lower than Bard (22%, p<0.01) and Claude Instant (19%, p = 0.02). Although the creators of all bots try to some extent to avoid their bots being used as a medical doctor, none of the tested bots succeeded as none refused to answer all clinical case questions.Bing was able to detect weak or ambiguous exam questions."