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Journal of Food Science
Institute of Food Technologists
Journal of Food Science

Institute of Food Technologists

月刊

Journal of Food Science/Journal Journal of Food ScienceSCIISTP
正式出版
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    Study on the Promotion of Mitochondrial Pathway Apoptosis and Muscle Tenderization in Postmortem Tibetan Sheep Meat by Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment

    Tieying HuJingyu WangYang LiuHan Wang...
    e70952.1-e70952.12页
    查看更多>>摘要：Oula Tibetan sheep meat is rich in nutrients, but its tenderness is relatively poor. Therefore, exploring meat tenderization methods is crucial. Previous studies have indicated that reactive species generated by plasma promote mitochondrial dysfunction and induce apoptosis in tumor cells. However, the impacts of plasma treatment on mitochondrial pathway apoptosis and the tenderization of Oula Tibetan sheep meat have not been reported. This study aimed to explore the effects of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment on mitochondrial pathway apoptosis and meat tenderness of Tibetan sheep meat during postmortem aging. The results showed that after CAP treatment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) content increased, pH value and ATP content decreased, resulting in an increase in mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, a decrease in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, Cytochrome c (Cyt-c) reduction level and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and an increase in Caspase-3/9 activity, promoting the occurrence of mitochondrial pathway apoptosis. Meanwhile, myofibril fragmentation index(MFI) increased, shear force value decreased and the mitochondrial structure was obviously damaged. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the degree of mitochondrial damage was significantly positively correlated with the tenderization of the meat during postmortem aging. Therefore, CAP treatment promoted mitochondrial pathway apoptosis and muscle tenderization during postmortem aging of Tibetan sheep meat by increasing the content of ROS and NO and altering the intracellular environment of muscle cells, thereby intensifying mitochondrial damage. The study can provide a theoretical basis for CAP treatment to improve the tenderness of Tibetan sheep meat.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    The Novel Sugar Alcohol D-Threitol Alleviates Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Modulates Gut Microbiota in Mice

    Qing LiQian LiYunfeng SunShuo Xu...
    e70968.1-e70968.16页
    查看更多>>摘要：Conventional therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are often associated with adverse effects, driving the search for natural alternatives with high safety profiles. This study evaluates the preventive and metabolic ‑regulatory potential of D-threitol, a novel sugar alcohol synthesized by engineered Yarrowia lipolytica , in a high-fat diet and streptozotocin- induced T2DM mice model. In vitro, D-threitol acted as a competitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase. After eight weeks of oral administration (500 mg/kg/day), treated mice exhibited reduced weight gain and fat accumulation, improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and better lipid profiles, along with attenuated tissue injury in the liver, kidney, and pancreas. Notably, D-threitol intervention significantly reshaped the gut microbiota, enhancing microbial diversity, enriching beneficial genera (e.g., Lactobacillus , Allobaculum ), and restoring fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels, particularly acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Molecular docking and dynamics simulations demonstrated stable binding of D-threitol to α-glucosidase, supported by favorable binding energy and hydrogen ‑bond formation. D-threitol shows promise as a safe dietary ingredient for the prevention and management of T2DM, mediated through dual mechanisms involving enzymatic inhibition and microbiota modulation.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Corn Oil Oleogel With γ-Oryzanol/ β-Sitosterol: Structural, Thermal, Textural, and Oxidative Characterization

    Tugba Elbir AbcaHueseyin Genccelep
    e70997.1-e70997.13页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this study, a corn oil oleogel was prepared using γ-oryzanol and β-sitosterol to create a “healthier solid fat-like”structure aimed at reducing saturated and trans fat consumption. To prepare six different oleogels, a γ-oryzanol: β-sitosterol mixture (60:40) was added to corn oil at concentrations ranging from 6% to 15%. The samples were comprehensively evaluated in terms of oil-binding capacity and color; thermal behavior (including melting/crystallization properties); crystal structure; texture properties (hardness, stickiness, cohesion, and spreadability); molecular interactions and oxidative stability. The findings showed that all formulations had high oil binding capacity and that increasing the oleogelator concentration had a limited effect on oil binding. It has been determined that concentration plays an important role in the product’s thermal resistance. Results show that as the oleogelator ratio increases, the structure becomes stronger and more durable; the melting behavior in thermal measurements shifts to higher temperatures. Crystal structure analyses support the formation of an oleogel network, while FTIR results indicate that the structure is formed predominantly through physical interactions. Consequently, it has been demonstrated that corn oil can acquire solid fat- like functional properties through this approach and offers a viable option for developing healthier fat formulations, particularly in spreadable products, margarine, and bakery fats.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Characterizing the Flavor of New Zealand Native Plants Using Consumer-Derived Attributes and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

    Carolina E. RealiniSantanu Deb-ChoudhuryArvind K. SubbarajLuis Guerrero...
    e70956.1-e70956.15页
    查看更多>>摘要：Understanding the flavor properties of Aotearoa-New Zealand native plants is essential for their successful incorporation into foods and beverages. This study characterized the flavor of six edible plant species using consumer sensory evaluation and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) of volatile compounds. Standardized liquid infusions were prepared for all species, and a lexicon of 21 flavor attributes was developed through six consumer focus groups ( n = 36). A Rate-All-That-Apply (RATA) evaluation with consumers ( n = 121) provided attribute intensity ratings and sample overall liking (9-point scale). Flavor attributes differed significantly across species. Kiokio received the highest liking (5.62), characterized by “sweet,”“fruity,”“fresh,”and “floral”notes. Horopito followed (4.98), defined by “spicy”and “peppery”pungency. Scores below the scale midpoint were observed for Red matipo (4.56), dominated by “green tea”notes, and Kawakawa (4.47), associated with “herbal”and “minty”attributes. Lemonwood (2.52) and Pikopiko (2.59) were the least liked, driven primarily by intense “bitter”and “astringent”notes. GC–MS annotated 69 volatile compounds across species, of which a subset of 20, primarily terpenes and aldehydes, best explained variation in key flavor attributes (e.g., terpinen-4-ol and trans -calamenene for “spicy”). Gener alized Procrusters Analysis revealed strong sensory–chemical alignment for Horopito, Kawakawa, and Red matipo, whereas Kiokio, Lemonwood, and Pikopiko showed weaker alignment, indicating that some major taste drivers arise from nonvolatile constituents. The findings provide foundational flavor characterization for New Zealand native plants and offer practical guidance for ingredient development, processing optimization, and formulation strategies to maximize consumer acceptance.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Hot Water Extraction of Korean Red Ginseng ( Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) Using Vacuum-Gas Substitution Under Oxygen-Free Conditions: Effect on Ginsenosides and Antioxidant Activity

    Kyo-Yeon LeeHee-Su YoonSung-Gil Choi
    e70960.1-e70960.12页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study investigated the effect of a vacuum-gas substitution hot water extraction (HWE) process on Korean red ginseng (KRG) using a specially designed device. The yield, browning, antioxidant activity, and ginsenoside content of KRG extracted under oxygen-free conditions (OFC, dissolved oxygen: 0.47 mg/L) were compared with those extracted under oxygen conditions (OC, dissolved oxygen: 6.46 mg/L). No significant difference was observed in extraction yield between OFC and OC. OFC maintained higher color stability, while OC resulted in higher a* and b* values and an elevated browning index during extraction. Antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP) increased up to 60 min and remained high and stable until 180 min under OFC, whereas they significantly decreased under OC. Major ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rg1) were more stable under OFC than under OC. To evaluate the effectiveness of the vacuum-gas substitution HWE process, the optimally extracted samples (90℃ for 1 h) were further evaluated for up to 72 h at 25℃ and 90℃ under both conditions. Under OFC, antioxidant activities remained stable for 72 h at both 25℃ and 90℃, whereas storage at 90℃ under OC resulted in a progressive decline. Individual ginsenosides exhibited higher stability under OFC than under OC, particularly during storage at 90℃, where severe degradation occurred under OC but was prevented under OFC. Consequently, these results demonstrate that the vacuum-gas substitution HWE process is effective in suppressing oxidative degradation, thereby preserving antioxidant activity and ginsenoside stability during HWE.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    A Prediction Framework for Quantification of Milk Adulterants Using a NIR-Coupled Boosting Algorithm

    Naveen G. JesubalanHemlata ChhabraAnurag S. Rathore
    e70966.1-e70966.14页
    查看更多>>摘要：Milk adulteration remains a significant global food safety concern, given the widespread consumption of milk by billions worldwide. This study presents a soft sensor for quantifying concentrations of common milk adulterants, including ammonia, urea, sugar, and hydrogen peroxide. The approach integrates near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with a chemometric framework for real-time measurement. Orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) was coupled with the XGBoost algorithm, leveraging its ensemble boosting mechanism and resistance to overfitting. K-means random clustering was used to organize experimental trials during model development. The soft sensor demonstrated high predictive performance, with root mean squared error (RMSE), normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE), and cross validation –coefficient of correlation (CV-R~2 ) values of 0.01, 0.02, and 0.97 for urea; 0.01, 0.02, and 0.96 for ammonium sulfate; 0.07, 0.13, and 0.95 for sugar; and 0.01, 0.03, and 0.94 for H_2 O2 . For all the adulterants, R~2 and the other variants of R2 (adjusted and multiple) values were higher than 0.95, thereby demonstrating the exceptional performance of the developed soft sensor. The soft sensor provided accurate real-time values with an average error rate of less than 10%. Overall, the results demonstrate that the developed NIR-chemometric soft sensor provides a rapid, non-destructive, and reliable method for detecting and quantifying multiple milk adulterants in real time, offering significant potential for food safety monitoring.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Advances in the Application of Antimicrobial Peptides in the Food Industry: From Sources and Multifunctional Mechanisms to Scalable Production

    Wenbo DingXianyu ZhangYanyan WangJianyu Yang...
    e70962.1-e70962.18页
    查看更多>>摘要：Food preservation poses a critical challenge in ensuring global food security, as microbial spoilage results in significant economic losses and public health risks from foodborne illnesses. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as promising next- generation biopreservatives in the food industry, owing to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and natural origin. These bioactive molecules inhibit food spoilage microorganisms through diverse mechanisms. Furthermore, certain AMPs exhibit multifunctional properties beyond antibacterial effects, including antioxidants, immunomodulatory, and metabolic regulatory activities, which support their exploration as functional food additives. To overcome production challenges such as low translational efficiency and host cytotoxicity, advanced expression systems have been developed through host strain optimization, vector engineering, and streamlined purification processes, significantly enhancing the production of AMPs. This review systematically summarizes recent advances and prospects of AMP applications in the food industry, providing an in-depth exploration of efficient biological expression strategies aimed at supporting the scalable production and broader utilization of AMPs.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Phytochemical Profile of Young Red Wines From Autochthonous and Domesticated Serbian Grape Varieties

    Sara BrunetVesna Tumbas SaponjacJelena VulicOlja Sovljanski...
    e70969.1-e70969.17页
    查看更多>>摘要：The Serbian grape varieties Probus and Prokupac, together with the long-established Frankovka (Blaufraenkisch) cultivated in the region for more than 2 centuries, represent distinctive oenological resources of national importance. This study analyzes the polyphenolic composition, color characteristics, and antioxidant activity of 13 young red wines produced from these varieties. The polyphenolic compound profile was determined using spectrophotometric techniques and high-performance liquid chromatography. Probus wines exhibited the highest concentrations of total polyphenolic compounds (2068.82–3827.56 mg of gallic acid equivalents per liter), alongside elevated levels of flavan-3-ols, anthocyanins, and tannins. These pronounced phenolic levels corresponded with the highest antioxidant activity measured via 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assays, followed by Prokupac and Frankovka. Correlation analysis showed that compounds such as peonidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin, and p -hydroxybenzoic acid were strongly associated with antioxidant capacity, emphasizing the contribution of specific polyphenols to free-radical neutralization. A strong relationship between color intensity and phenolic composition was also observed, with anthocyanins and tannins identified as the major contributors to this color parameter. As an initial screening study, these results provide essential insight into the distinctive polyphenolic and antioxidant profiles of these wines produced from Serbian autochthonous and domesticated grape varieties. Future research should address the influence of environmental factors and aging to further clarify their oenological and bioactive potential.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Method Study on Determination of Etomidate in Aquatic Products by Chemometrics Combined With SERS

    Xue MingYin YingGuizhang GuLiang Hong...
    e70884.1-e70884.11页
    查看更多>>摘要：A rapid and sensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method combined with partial least squares (PLS) and linear regression models were developed for detecting etomidate in aquatic products. This study compared the performance of three nanoparticle substrates: silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and gold-core silver-shell nanoparticles (Au@AgNPs), with Au@AgNPs showing the highest enhancement factor (EF) of 2231, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 ng/mL, and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.5 ng/mL. The optimal substrate was identified as Au@AgNPs. Furthermore, the binding conditions for etomidate were optimized. The PLS model was constructed using seven latent variables (LVs), used first derivative (FD) + straight-line subtraction (SLS) preprocessing, and a spectral region of 955–1710 cm~(−1) , with R~2 C of 0.9831 and R2 P of 0.9517. The SERS method was validated in real samples, showing high accuracy and sensitivity, and a lower detection limit than HPLC. This method is valuable for ensuring seafood safety.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley

    Urolithin A From Gut Metabolite to Therapeutic Agent: Bioavailability, Mechanisms, and Translational Insights

    Huidong YuanWenjie XieWen TanChangqing Wei...
    e70988.1-e70988.17页
    查看更多>>摘要：Accumulating evidences have demonstrated that urolithin A (UroA) exerted a wide range of bioactivities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and mitochondrial function-enhancing effects, thereby highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for various diseases. Preclinical studies have shown that UroA induced mitophagy both in vitro and in vivo, preventing age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and improving lifespan and muscle function as well as enhancing exercise capacity. However, its clinical application is limited by poor oral bioavailability and considerable interindividual variability in microbial conversion, as pharmacokinetic studies indicated low plasma exposure under standard administration. Moreover, approximately 10% of individuals are classified as urolithin nonproducers, independent of age, posing an additional challenge for clinical translation. To overcome those limitations, formulation strategies such as nanoparticles and liposomes have been developed, resulting in several-fold increases in systemic bioavailability compared with unformulated UroA. This review would provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the metabolism of UroA, current approaches to improve its bioavailability, safety evaluations, and elucidated the underlying mechanisms of its bioactivities. Furthermore, recent progresses in chemical and biotechnological synthesis strategies of UroA are also summarized. These insights will provide a scientific foundation for further utilization of UroA for human health.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • Wiley