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Journal of environmental protection and ecology
Scientific Bulgarian Communications
Journal of environmental protection and ecology

Scientific Bulgarian Communications

季刊

1311-5065

Journal of environmental protection and ecology/Journal Journal of environmental protection and ecologySCI
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    A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON DESIGNER BIOCHAR FOR THE PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL DECONTAMINATION

    VELURU SRIDEVIHUSAM TALIB HAMZAHMUHSIN JABER JWEEGM. N. MOHAMMED...
    2589-2605页
    查看更多>>摘要：This review explores how engineered biochar can be used to adsorb pollutants in soil, aquatic, and aerial systems. Biochar, which is produced by pyrolyzing biomass, is a sustainable adsorbent that has a wide surface area and a porous structure. Despite its versatility, biochar has drawbacks such as variability in properties and possible pollutant leaching. Engineering biochar addresses these challenges by enhancing adsorption capacity and selectivity. Standardised characterisation techniques are essential to precisely assess the performance of biochar. Despite significant research in aqueous and soil systems, attention to biochar's application in aerial environments remains limited, warranting further exploration. Future research directions include investigating innovative biochar materials, integrating with emerging technologies, and long-term stability concerns. Through interdisciplinary collaboration, engineered biochar holds promise for mitigating environmental contamination and advancing sustainable development initiatives on a global scale.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
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    ENHANCED URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING NETWORKS: AI-DRIVEN PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS FOR POLLUTION HOTSPOT IDENTIFICATION

    C. KOTTEESWARANS. SHEEBA RANIRAENU KOLANDAISAM YARUN ANTHONISAMY...
    2606-2617页
    查看更多>>摘要：The rapid urbanisation of urban environments faces significant increment in the PM_(2.5) levels, influencing major health and environmental problems. The existing models often struggles to precisely forecasting the pollution levels and their inability to integrate the various datasets and estimate more intricate relationship between the climatic variables and the past pollution data. To overcome this limitation, the proposed system innovati vely employs a deep learning (DL) techniques, of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, to enhance PM_(2.5) accurate predictions. The proposed model efficiently learns the both historical and real-time data using the hybrid design, integrating the temporal sequence modelling of LSTMs with the spatial feature extraction using CNNs. The system employs a numerous data sources of past pollution records and climate change data (such wind direction, speed, and precipitation), to detect temporal and spatial patterns in air quality. After that, the pre-processing process is enabled to remove the missing values and improve the dataset's quality and ensure the model performance using data pre-processing techniques. The proposed system offers appropriate insights into the pollution dynamics, ensures an efficient pollution control plans and well-informed urban decision-making. Overall, the above results include an improved prediction accuracy and enhanced identification of pollution hotspots that contributes better air quality management and public health outcomes in urban environments.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL

    GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION APPROACH FOR DESIGNING THE FUTURE INTEGRATED PLANNING FOR LAND AND FOREST FIRE PREVENTION USING STATE LAND MANAGEMENT POLICY

    SUNARTOKIAGUS MUHAMMAD SOBRIALFITRIABDUL NADJIB...
    2618-2631页
    查看更多>>摘要：The forest and land fires pose a major threat to the local community's welfare and the environment. Preventive strategies for forest and land fires must begin with the establishment of comprehensive regulations and rules from the central government to the regions. The formation of regulations must also be based on good tools to see the current conditions of potential forest and land fires. In this present research, the strategy of planning rules and regulations is carried out with a multi-sectoral approach with the help of G1S to assess the current condition of land and forests. Ogan Ilir district is used as the object of study because it has a high risk of flammable land and forests in South Sumatra province. The study results from the fire hotspot distribution data show that the pattern of forest fires in Ogan Ilir district has changed significantly where the fire hotspot distribution pattern tends to be concentrated in several locations. Land cover analysis shows that open areas and shrubs which are unproductive land still dominate the burned land. However, the changing pattern of burnt land suggests that there is an increase in awareness and effectiveness of smoke posts and regulations governing the planning, handling and follow-up of forest fires in Ogan Ilir district. Interviews and FGDs with multi-sectors indicate that regulatory and policy instrumentation will continue to be used to improve the reduction of forest and ground fires. In addition, programming that focuses on providing forest and land fire management infrastructure and equipment for land and forest cleanliness is a priority way to reduce the number of forest and land fires in Ogan Ilir district.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL

    CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, THERMODYNAMIC AND KINETIC PARAMETERS AND THERMOPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SECONDARY ESSENTIAL OIL OF FENNELL FRUITS

    ANA SEMERDZHIEVASLAV VALCHEVDIMITAR ATANASOVTEODORA ATANASOVA...
    2632-2642页
    查看更多>>摘要：Secondary essential oil through a distillation process known as cohobation in essential oil industry is obtained. Chemical composition of obtained secondary essential oil of fruits of the fennel is investigated. The main components in essential oil are determined: trans-anethole (55.96%), fenchone (25.81%), cis-anethole (6.9%) and estragole (methylhavicol - 3.56%). Based on determined chemical composition, thermodynamic parameters (Gibbs free energy, entropy and enthalpy change) for intermediate and final state of the process were analytically calculated. Analytically kinetic parameters (activating energy, diffusion coefficient molecular internal, as well coefficient effective diffusion) are received. Thermophysical characteristics (density, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity coefficient, temperature, and conductivity coefficient, dynamic and kinematic viscosity) are calculated. Values of thermophysical characteristics and thermodynamic parameters can be used to characterise process and in calculation of various heat exchangers in essential oil industry.
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    • NETL
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    OPTIMISING VERMICOMPOST CHEMISTRY THROUGH PROBIOTIC APPLICATIONS

    S. SARAVANAND. ARUNAPAVITHRA HARIDASSSOWNDARYA SIVAPRAKASAM...
    2643-2654页
    查看更多>>摘要：Vermiculture is a sustainable method for managing organic waste, enhancing soil fertility, and supporting crop production, with earthworms play a crucial role in decomposing organic matter and promoting soil health. This study examined whether the addition of probiotics, including Lactobacillus sporogenes, vital microorganisms, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, accelerates the ver-micompost process and improves nutrient levels in compost. Organic wastes such as cow manure, leaf litter, floral debris, and onion-garlic refuse were used in four sub-experiments set up for each waste type incorporating probiotic supplements. Chemical parameters, including pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, iron, and organic matter, were analysed using standard methods. Results showed a pH range of 6-7, with maximum hardness observed in the flower waste + L. sporogenes group at 60 days, and a minimum of 716 mg/g in leaf litter at 90 days. Groups with 5. cerevisiae recorded the highest chloride levels in cow manure, leaf litter, and floral waste, while onion-garlic waste showed lower chloride levels. Sulphate, nitrate, and iron were highest IN flower waste, and leaf litter had the highest organic matter content at 30 days. Chemical parameter levels generally peaked at 30 days, slightly decrease at 90 days, slightly below the initial peak. Three replicates were maintained for each experimental group, revealing variable chemical profiles over 30, 60, and 90 days. These findings highlight probiotics potential to optimise vermicomposting and improve compost quality
      原文链接:
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    EXPLORING ADVANCED PHYSICOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES FOR EFFECTIVE REMOVAL OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT PRECURSORS FROM WATER SOURCES

    ANOOP P. FARTODEKRITI SRIVASTAVASANDIP DASHRATH GORSHETWARCMAK ZEELAN BASHA...
    2655-2664页
    查看更多>>摘要：Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are very harmful and their formation during treatment has made several authors look for other techniques to remove their precursor by physicochemical methods. The main findings and results of this study include an overview of physicochemical methods developed in recent years to remove DBP precursors from water resources, and a laboratory experimental work evaluating the removal efficiencies of some of the most recent physicochemical approaches against model DBP precursors in the water supply system. The review summarises available studies on technologies like ozonation, activated carbon adsorption, Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), and membrane filtration; the paper also provides an overview of principles, applications, and advancements in these techniques. In addition, the experimental study identifies the influencing parameters and the conditions for its optimisation in order to determine the best value of removal efficiency and the quality of the water treated by the presence of a potential formation of DBPs and its level of toxicity. The review and the experimental study confirm the potential usefulness of physicochemical treatment in terms of pre-treatment or combination with conventional treatment to remove DBP precursors in order to improve the safety of water intended for drinking.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
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    PRESENT SITUATION OF WATER QUALITY AND THE ADVANCEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY IN WATER POLLUTION MANAGEMENT

    ANOOP P. FARTODEV. VIJAYAGOPALAMAN AHLAWATASHISH VIRENDRA CHANDAK...
    2665-2676页
    查看更多>>摘要：Water pollution has become a major environmental problem and the threats that it brings to the ecosystems and health of the people widely are manifesting in all the parts of the world. The current water quality problem is manifested through the entry of several pollutants into the water; such as heavy metals, pesticides, Pharmaceuticals particles and microbiological pathogens from industries, farms and the urban areas at present. The application of such advanced technologies eases the identification of specific pollutants, enhances efficiency of treatment processes and at the same time, increases the environmental friendliness of the entire water treatment process. Tackling these challenges needs further research, putting funds in, and especially working together as stakeholders for finding some safe and more sustainable water pollution management practices. In a nutshell, the water quality crisis underlines the pressing hour of the hour for the remedies that should be implemented for the effective water pollution management strategies. Advances in technology provide not only a ray of hope but also present viable options in a commitment to promoting water quality and prevent ecosystems and human health from harm. While achieving effective solutions for the comprehensive problems of water pollution will certainly require a multidisciplinary approach accompanied by joint efforts of governmental agencies, industry, and communities towards implementing the appropriate water management practices.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL

    DEGRADATION OF INDUSTRIAL PHARMACEUTICAL WASTEWATER BY USING SECONDARY SEWAGE SLUDGE IN BATCH MODE

    A. SATHIYA PRIYAS. SUNDARARAMAN
    2677-2685页
    查看更多>>摘要：Pharmaceutical industry is developed due to the population growth and human health needs. It leads to increase the manufacture of drugs and consequently they discharged to the environment after complete or partial treatment. It releases the toxic compounds into the environment. The present study aims by acclimatise the pharmaceutical wastewater with secondary sewage sludge in various ratios 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1.5:2.5,2:1 and3:1 to enhance biological degradation. The batch mode operation is carried out for a period of 110 days. Conclusion is drawn based on the pH, Total Dissolved Solids, Turbidity, Biochemical oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) concentration. Of the entire six ratios considered for degradation of pharmaceutical wastewater, the 1:3 ratio gives a better result in terms of degradation of Total Solids and Chemical Oxygen Demand.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL

    ENHANCING CROP PRODUCTIVITY WITH ADVANCED SENSOR-DRIVEN IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

    GARAGA SRILAKSHMIP. ANNAN NAIDUDANIEL PILLIS. SATHISH KUMAR...
    2686-2696页
    查看更多>>摘要：This comes in light of the fact that improvements in cropping efficiency brought about by the use of sensor-based irrigation systems present the best opportunity to improve on crop yields and resource use. IoT is another topic that this study focuses on by evaluating how it is used in the management and application of different sensors such as; soil moisture sensors, weather-based controllers, and plant health monitors to provide accurate irrigation according to crops' needs. Due to its real time information, these systems allow farmers to water the crops sparingly, and in the right stages, thus cutting down on wasteful use of water and giving the crops a proper amount of water it requires at the right time. The research demonstrates improvements in yield quantities on different crops, water usage and energy consumption and makes an overall assessment of different parameters under different climatic conditions. This paper also covers the regional and global economic effects and costs and benefits of these systems, and ponders over possible advancements in the technology of sensors that will help in improving the efficiency and affordability of these systems in the future. In this study, the authors have highlighted the use of sensor-based irrigation practices by offering an idea on how it can be adopted in the current style of intensive agriculture. The work seeks to emphasise the fact that it is through technological advancement that the ever rising world food demand is going to be met.
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    • NETL
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    GRAPHICAL VISUALISATION ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH PROGRESS AND HOT SPOTS ON PARTICIPATION IN ELDERLY-ORIENTED COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT BASED ON CITESPACE

    YUAN JIANGSUMARNI ISMAILLONG JIANGJING LIU...
    2697-2709页
    查看更多>>摘要：As the population ages, more and more elderly people need a community environment that is adaptable and convenient to meet their daily needs and improve their participation. This study uses CiteSpace software to conduct quantitative analysis of the graph, revealing research hotspots and predicting future trends based on keywords, collaborative networks, etc. The findings indicate that the number of publications on older adults' involvement in community environments has grown significantly in recent years and has evolved into a more interdisciplinary area of study. Relevant research is mainly concentrated in America, Canada and China, whereas the United States and the United Kingdom are the most central and have strong international ties. The focus of research is on physical activity, health, built environment, neighbourhood environment, walking, and quality of life. Based on keyword clustering and mutation discovery, the current status of neighborhood physical environment, public health, social environment and perceived behavioural knowledge is analysed, and it is found that research has shifted from single elements to comprehensive environmental elements. We will focus on people-oriented perception exploration, case study refinement, and providing targeted policy guidance in the context of an aging society.
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    • NETL
    • NSTL