查看更多>>摘要：In general, this paper: i) reviews some works that have implemented baffles in the settling process for the treatment of water/wastewater; ii) draws relations among the reviewed works to provide a thorough understanding of the effects of baffle utilization on settling tanks (ST). Accordingly, a number of recommendations in the case of using baffles in settling tanks have been derived and introduced. The reviewed papers related to the analysis of settling performance using baffles in settling tanks, and these vary in terms of their approach and models used for research. The implementation of baffles in the reviewed papers also varies depending on the type, location, position, and height, as well as other parameters by which the role of baffles is examined in sedimentation. Utilization of baffles in ST to improve efficiency is the purpose of all reviewed papers. From this study, some prospective topics are recommended when using baffles in ST. To increase the performance of ST, the configuration, location, and position of the baffle in ST should be considered. Furthermore, the uniformity of flow and concentration of suspended solids should not be overlooked either.
查看更多>>摘要：Correlation and path analysis for seed morphometric as well as yield-related traits were performed on five bread wheat varieties, each sown on an area of one acre; this investigation was carried out to check the influence of these traits on the grain yield of bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Digital image analysis (DIA) is a quantitative technique to phenotype seed morphometric characteristics with high accuracy. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the relationship bdeetween ground cover (GC) and seed size and grain yield (GY). Significantly important traits were identified by principal component analysis (PCA). Applying the multiple linear regression model, grain yield was predicted with the help of ground cover and seed shape traits. The association of the studied traits was quantified with a structural equation model. The impact of spikes per meter square (SPMS) and thousand kernel weights (TKW) on grain yield was significant (p-value <.01). Plant height has a detrimental impact on grain yield, and the grain yield was influenced by two features: spikes per meter square (SPMS) and grain weight per spike (GWS), which have a direct impact on thousand kernel weight (TKW). The present research aims to feature the relationship between yield-contributing characteristics and the digital ground cover of the wheat crop. The present work uncovered the fact that digital ground cover (DGC) influences the seed length, area, and perimeter.
查看更多>>摘要：Soil organic matter is an important indicator of soil health. It is a constituent of the ecological system that is vital to agricultural development and understanding of the global carbon cycle. The study used random forest regression, a machine learning algorithm, to identify relevant predictors of soil organic matter through the integration of field and Sentinel-2 derived vegetation indices and a selected reanalysis of climate data with topography. Three landcover types were purposefully delineated, and 72 soil samples were collected at a soil depth of 20 cm across the entire Cross River State, Nigeria. The samples were labeled and taken to the laboratory, where standard procedures were used in extracting the SOM. 80% of the point data sets were used in model calibration, while 20% were used to validate the model. Model analysis revealed that environmental covariates of SOM (topography, rainfall, maximum air temperature, OSAVI, EVI, and NDVI) produced high prediction accuracy with lower uncertainty. The maximum plot SOM was estimated to be 7.20% with overall mean values of 2.61. The test data sets yielded a model accuracy of 0.85, an RMSE of 36.7, a relRMSE of 34.3%, and a bias of 3.7 t/ha. Based on this, the paper argues that the identified environmental covariates can be optimized for the effective management of SOM for sustained agricultural development. This is pertinent in areas with highly weathered soils characterized by low nutrients and poor crop yields. The SOM map of this study can be used as a baseline for subsequent monitoring and management of SOM in the study area.
Butt, Maria AbdullahAhmad, Sajid RashidChaudhary, Muhammad NawazZaheer, Muhammad...
2023-2035页
查看更多>>摘要：This study uses an environmentally friendly approach to explore a new synthetic pathway for Schiff bases and their metal complexes. A new Schiff base ligand (C) was synthesized by reacting 7-aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid with benzaldehyde. The resulting Schiff base was then reacted with three transition metal (Zn, Fe, and Mn) nanoparticles facilitated by ethanolic extracts from three different plant leaves ( Moringa oleifera, Azadirachta indica, and Trigonella foenum-graecum) to formulate environmentally friendly nanometal complexes (C1 to C9), which were subsequently evaluated for their anti-bacterial and antioxidant activities. These complexes exhibited crystallite sizes in the range of 7.24-64.24 nm. Structural, compositional, and elemental analysis of the Schiff base ligand and its metal complexes was carried out using FTIR, (1) H-NMR, (13) C-NMR, XRD, and SEM-EDX, which confirmed the integration of metal moieties within non-uniform sheet-like nanostructures. The thermal properties of all synthesized samples were quantified via TGA, which provides a comprehensive understanding of the thermal properties and decomposition mechanisms of Schiff bases and their metal complexes. Assessment of the antibacterial activity of the Schiff bases and their complexes revealed strong action against both gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) and gram-negative ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Xanthomonas campestris) strains. The prepared samples showed antioxidant activity in the following order: C4 > C5 > C6 > C1 > C2 > C3 > C7 > C8 > C9. Most of the samples, particularly the Zn-complex derived from Moringa, exhibit promising potential for pharmaceutical applications.
查看更多>>摘要：Understanding the evolutionary process of land use and the landscape pattern of the Yellow River Delta wetland is an important prerequisite for promoting its sustainable development. In this study, we combined Landsat-5/7/8 data with the random forest algorithm to map the land cover/land use from 2002 to 2021 in the Yellow River Delta wetland and evaluated and analyzed them. The result demonstrated that: (1) the classification method used is promising, with an average OA and Kappa coefficient of 90.5% and 0.891, respectively; (2) the built-up area of Dongying District and some townships has been expanded since 2008; wheat fields are in Guangrao County, while paddy fields are in the northern part of Xicheng in Dongying District, in the east of the built-up area of Hekou District, and in the highstandard farmland project area; tamarisk shrubs are in the northeastern part, and suaeda meadows near the tidal flat; tidal flats, breeding aquatics, and saltern are in the eastern and northern parts; cropland accounted for the largest proportion, but smaller food cropland during 2002-2016; (3) the decreased woodland in the study area was converted to cropland, and the unused land was converted to waters, impervious surfaces, and cropland; (4) the landscape fragmentation, shape complexity, and aggregation were all reduced firstly and then increased with 2008 as the turning point. The research on mapping and landscape pattern evolution analysis in the Yellow River Delta wetland can provide references for environmental protection and urban and rural development.
Chavez-Urbiola, Edgar ArturoDiaz-Guzman, DamianRangel-Vargas, EsmeraldaLegorreta-Garcia, Felipe...
2049-2061页
查看更多>>摘要：In this study, the characterization of phosphate rock and natural zeolite, both from Mexico, was carried out and were applied as natural fertilizer. Through X-ray fluorescence (XRF), the chemical composition of the rocks was determined. The minerals detected using X-ray diffraction (XRD) in the natural zeolite and phosphoric rock were mainly clinoptilolite-heulandite and fluorapatite, respectively, and their presence was confirmed by Infrared spectroscopy studies (FTIR). Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a significant amount of euhedral crystals of tabular and orthorhombic habit were observed in the natural zeolite and hexagonal crystals in the phosphate rock. Phosphate rock, zeolite, and zeolite exchanged with ammonium ions were used to evaluate their potential application in the pre-harvest stage of Solanum lycopersicum Pai Pai (R) variety. The plants were grown in the soil inside a greenhouse with zenith ventilation. Afterward, phenological development was studied for 12 weeks. The results were compared with those obtained in a conventional nutritional fertigation system. In conclusion, the proposed system allows a healthy growth similar to that obtained in the conventional fertigation system, confirming viability for its use in the pre-harvest stage of Solanum lycopersicum.
查看更多>>摘要：With the rapid development of the digital economy, new concepts, forms, and paradigms are being comprehensively integrated into the entire process of constructing human ecological civilizations, and the development of tourism eco-efficiency has ushered in many new opportunities. This paper constructs a mechanistic framework for calculating the impact of the digital economy on tourism eco-efficiency and pushes for empirical research. This paper uses panel data from 275 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2011 to 2019 as a sample and the benchmark regression model, mediating effect model, and spatial Durbin model to empirically analyze the effect of the digital economy on tourism ecoefficiency after measuring the digital economy and tourism eco-efficiency indexes. The results show that the digital economy has a significant positive effect on tourism eco-efficiency that is more significant in central cities, northeastern cities, and nonurban clusters. Second, the digital economy positively affects tourism eco-efficiency by exerting technological effects and industrial structural adjustments. In addition, the digital economy has a significant positive spatial spillover effect on tourism eco-efficiency. Finally, based on the above findings, this paper proposes specific recommendations for improving tourism eco-efficiency via the digital economy.
查看更多>>摘要：Based on the Chinese provincial panel data, this study focused on the regional differences in direct and spillover effects of foreign trade and FDI on the SO2, PM2.5, and NOx emissions by using the spatial Durbin model. As is revealed, the three air pollutants have positive spatial correlation shown by Moran's I indices. Increased FDI in a local province promotes the local air pollutants, but the spillover effect is not clear. The foreign trade reduces air pollutants in the local province, and the spillover effect is obvious. Increases in the trade dependent degree in adjacent provinces have reducing effects on the SO2 and NOx from the local province. The relationship between economic growth and the pollutants presents an "inverse-N" shape, which does not conform to the EKC curve. Industrialization increases the levels of pollutants and exerts an obviously positive spillover effect; the R&D intensity improves air quality and has a negative spillover effect on local SO2. The energy efficiency reduces the three pollutants, exerting a negative spillover effect on local SO2 and NOx; the traffic intensity increases the pollutants, exerting a positive spillover effect on PM2.5. Relative policy recommendations are proposed according to these findings.
查看更多>>摘要：Distribution of the phytoplankton community and presence of potentially toxic and toxic species were studied on mussel farms in the mesotrophic area of Boka Kotorska Bay as part of the national monitoring of aquaculture farms. In this area, the presence of an epiphytic potentially toxic dinoflagellate species, Ostreopsis cf. ovata, was noticed for the first time. Species of the genus Ostreopsis are marine, benthic dinoflagellates. The high abundance of Ostreopsis species can result in a brownish mucilaginous biofilm forming on various substrates. Additionally, an abundance of toxic dinoflagellates from the genus Ostreopsis is known to cause dangerous respiratory symptoms in humans exposed to aerosols. We performed national monitoring on four mussel farms in the area of Boka Kotorska Bay. During this monitoring at the aquaculture position Dra & zcaron;in vrt (BK1), the presence of species from the genus Ostreopsis was recorded for the first time. The abundance of the species reached a value of 103 cells/l. The presence of the potentially toxic species from the genus Pseudo-nitzschia was also observed and reached an abundance of 104 cells/l. Additionally, among the potentially toxic dinoflagellates, Dinophysis acuta and Phalacroma rotundatum were recorded, although their abundance was lower, reaching The noticed presence of the toxic species Ostreopsis cf. ovata, along with several other potentially toxic and toxic phytoplankton species, highlights the importance of raising awareness about the necessity of continuous monitoring activities and implementing preventive measures.
查看更多>>摘要：The results of the integration of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles into cellulose acetate (CA) ultrafiltration membranes were analyzed and discussed. ZnO was added to the polymeric solution, and the membranes were synthesized using the phase inversion method. Herein, a novel resistant ultrafiltration (UF) membrane for pollutant remediation was developed using a blending method that combines the flexibility of cellulose acetate with ZnO NPs. X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic scattering light, and UV-vis spectrophotometry were used to characterize the catalyst. The zinc oxide nanoparticles were used as a photocatalyst for the decomposition of Malachite. The effects of irradiation time, loading catalyst doses, and the initial concentration of Malachite on photocatalytic degradation efficiency were optimized.
NETL
NSTL
Hard