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材料科学技术（英文版）
材料科学技术（英文版）

胡壮麟

月刊

1005-0302

jmst@imr.ac.cn

024-83978208

110016

沈阳市沈河区文化路72号

材料科学技术（英文版）/Journal Journal of Materials Science & TechnologyCSCDCSTPCD北大核心EISCI
查看更多>>本刊简称《JMST》，（ISSN 1005-0302，CN 21-1315/TG）。1985年创刊。是中国科协主管，中国金属学会，中国材料研究学会和中国科学院金属研究所联合主办的国际性英文期刊，以“加强国际交流，扩大学术影响，服务经济建设”为办刊宗旨，刊登世界各国的具有创新性和较高学术水平的原始性论文，并设有物约综述、快报、简讯及国内外材料界杰出学者简介等栏目，内容包括金属材料、无机非金属材料、复合材料及有机高分子材料等。
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    Effect of Al2O3 fiber on twin intersections-induced dynamic recrystallization in fine-grained TiAl matrix composite

    Yaofeng LuoYan WangLi WangBin Liu...
    1-14页
    查看更多>>摘要：Dynamic recrystallization(DRX)is of great significance for the thermomechanical processing and mi-crostructural regulation of TiAl intermetallics.However,the underlying DRX mechanism remains poorly understood.In this study,an Avrami kinetics model for DRX was established,which was capable of pre-dicting the DRX fraction accurately.In addition,the effect of Al2O3 short fiber on the DRX mechanisms of TiAl matrix composite during the isothermal compression was investigated for the first time.The re-sults showed that other than inhibiting DRX by particles in the TiAl matrix composites,the addition of Al2O3 short fiber accelerated a novel DRX process,which was induced by twinning and twin intersec-tions(TDRX).Thus,this composite exhibited a higher DRX rate than that of the as-cast TiAl monolithic alloy.The origin of the twin intersection and TDRX for the composite was revealed.The stress concentra-tion near the Al2O3 fiber was above the critical shear stress for twinning and thus was favorable for the formation of twinning and twin intersections.The high stored strain energy at the regions of twins and twin intersections provided the driving force for TDRX.TDRX accelerated the grain refinement in the TiAl matrix near the Al2O3 fiber.The present findings would provide a new perspective on DRX mechanisms,and provide the scientific guidance for optimizing the microstructures of TiAl matrix composites.
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    Flexible thermocouple using a thermoelectric graphene fiber with a seamless junction

    Seungwon KimSoomook LimMyeong Hee JeongWonjoon Kim...
    15-22页
    查看更多>>摘要：Temperature is an important physical variable that indicates the condition of the human body and ar-tificial systems.Advanced wearable applications require the development of temperature sensors with different form factors.In this study,a fiber-shaped thermoelectric temperature sensor is fabricated using a continuous graphene fiber whose two halves possess different reduction states.A seamless junction is formed by partially reducing a wet-spun graphene oxide fiber with hydroiodic acid(HI)solutions of different concentrations.One-half of the fiber is mildly reduced with 0.97 wt％HI,while the other half is highly reduced with 30.6 wt％HI.The different reduction states of the graphene composite fiber re-sult in different Seebeck coefficients,allowing for the fabrication of a fiber-shaped graphene thermocou-ple without any laborious assembly.The flexible graphene thermocouple exhibits high sensitivity with a thermopower of 12.5 μV K-1 in the temperature range of room temperature to～70 ℃.Furthermore,it exhibits high linearity with a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.995 and fast response with a time constant of 0.24 s.Owing to its mechanical robustness and flexibility,the stand-alone graphene ther-mocouple can be knitted into a cotton fabric glove,which presents a fast response to environmental changes without any external power source.This work offers a unique fabrication method for producing a high-performance,flexible thermocouple that features a seamless and clear junction without the use of additional materials.This alternative method eliminates the complicated assembly processes typically required for conventional thermocouples.
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    Competitive assembling strategy to construct carbon nitride homojunctions for boosting photocatalytic performance

    Hua-Wei ZhangYuan-Yuan LiBo LiJing-Hui Shi...
    23-32页
    查看更多>>摘要：Both morphology and composition have a great influence on the properties and functions of materials,however,how to rational modulate both of them to achieve their synergistic effects has been a long-standing expectation.Herein,we demonstrate a competitive assembling strategy for the construction of metal-free graphite carbon nitride(CN)homojunctions in which morphology and composition can be eas-ily controlled simultaneously by only changing the ratio of assembly raw materials.These homojunctions are comprised of porous nanotubular S-doped CN(SCN)grafted with CN nanovesicles,which are de-rived from thermal polycondensation of melamine-thiocyanuric acid(M-T)/melamine-cyanuric acid(M-C)supramolecular hybrid blocks.This unique architecture and component engineering endows the novel SCN-CN homojunction with abundant active sites,enhanced visible trapping ability,and intimate inter-face contact.As a result,the synthesized SCN-CN homojunctions demonstrate high photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution and pollutant degradation.This developed strategy opens up intriguing opportu-nities for the rational construction of intricate metal-free heterostructures with controllable architecture and interfacial contact for applications in energy-related fields.
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    Polymer-encapsulated metal complex catalysts:An emerging and efficient platform for electrochemical CO2 reduction

    Yingshuo LiuShuaishuai LyuFuli WenWeixuan Nie...
    33-50页
    查看更多>>摘要：Over the past decade,electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 has gained substantial attention.However,hardly any of the previous reviews have focused on the systematic discussion of polymer-molecular catalyst composites as an emerging system for the electrochemical transformation of CO2 to value-added prod-ucts.In this review,we first give a brief overview of the general features of solid-state and molecular catalysts,and then advance the discussion to polymer-catalyst composite systems,with particular em-phasis on polymer-encapsulated molecular catalysts,where the coordination environment surrounding molecular catalysts can be modified via polymer encapsulation to promote the overall performance of CO2 electrocatalysis.The elucidation of the possible reaction mechanisms of this emerging electrocat-alytic system along with proposed optimization strategies is also summarized and discussed based on recently published reports,followed by the challenges and prospects of their industrial applications at the end of this review.From this review,we hope the audience can gain a comprehensive understanding of the electrocatalytic mechanism of the coordinating polymers and valuable insights into engineering the microenvironment surrounding the metal complexes for potential future research directions.
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    Multiscale microstructural consideration of enhanced shear strength in TiAl intermetallic/K4169 alloy composite joints prepared by vacuum brazing with(Ti,Zr)-Ni-based amorphous filler metal

    Liangliang ZhangHonggang DongPeng LiBaosheng Wu...
    51-70页
    查看更多>>摘要：TiAl intermetallic could be used to replace Ni-based alloy in assemblies to generate excellent spe-cific strength.A(Ti,Zr)-Ni-based amorphous filler metal Ti21.25Zr25Ni25Cu18.75(at.％)was designed using a cluster-plus-glue-atom model to successfully vacuum braze K4169 and TiAl bimetallic assemblies.At various brazing temperatures and holding time,the quantitative relationships between lattice distortion,grain boundary,dislocation density,and hardness,elastic modulus,shear strength of the joints were investigated.Meanwhile,the fracture mechanism of the joints was revealed.The brazed seam mainly consisted of solid diffusion reaction layers(Zones Ⅰ and Ⅲ)and filler metal residue zone(Zone Ⅱ).When the brazing temperature increased to 1030 ℃,grain refinement occurred in the brazed seam.Zone Ⅰ was primarily composed of(Ni)ss[0-11]+TiNi[011]/(Cr,Fe,Ni)ss[0-11]/(Ti,Zr)Ni[0-1-1]+(Cr,Fe,Ni)ss[0-11]The(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu)[001]and(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu)[101]intermetallic compound-based solid solutions were formed in ZoneⅡ.And the lattice distortion of(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu)[101]and(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu)[001]was 32.05％and 14.82％,respectively.As a result,the proportion of low angle grain boundaries(LAGBs)and deformed grains in Zone Ⅱ rose to 38.6％and 38.7％.In Zones Ⅰ and Ⅲ,the proportion of LAGBs reduced to 8％and 3.4％,respectively.As the holding time increased,the long-range diffusion of Al in Zone Ⅱ caused the(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu)[001]with cubic structure to transform into(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu,Al)[00-1]with hexagonal crystal system structure,where the lattice distortion was 4.42％and 10.49％for a and c.At 1030 ℃/10 min,the average geometrically nec-essary dislocation densities(GNDs)in Zones Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 9.87 × 1014 m-2,8.55 × 1014 m-2 and 11.4 × 1014 m-2,respectively.Therefore,the shear strength of joints reached 322 MPa due to the lattice distortion,dislocation strengthening and fine grain strengthening.Meanwhile,the plastic and brittle hard phases were generated in Zone Ⅱ and displayed a mechanical interlocking structure that contributed to the performance of the joint.Both(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu)[001]and(Ti,Zr)(Ni,Cu)[101]in Zone Ⅱ formed along differ-ent low-index cleavage planes during transgranular fracture.The cracks initiated in this region extended to the interface between Zones Ⅰ and Ⅱ and exhibited bimodal grain characteristics.
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    Precipitating thermally reinforcement phase in aluminum alloys for enhanced strength at 400 ℃

    Xiang SuYuan LeiYang ChenHongjie Qu...
    71-82页
    查看更多>>摘要：Heat-resistant aluminum alloys are widely used in aerospace and automotive fields for manufacturing hot components due to their advantages in lightweight design and energy conservation.However,the high-temperature strength of existing cast aluminum alloys is always limited to about 100 MPa at 350 ℃ due to coarsening and transformation of strengthening phases.Here,we reveal that the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the T6 state Al-8.4Cu-2.3Ce-1.0Mn-0.5Ni-0.2Zr alloy at 400 ℃ increase by 34％and 44％after re-aging at 300 ℃ for 100 h,and its thermal strength exhibits distinguished ad-vantage over traditional heat-resistant aluminum alloys.The enhanced elevated-temperature strength is attributed to the reprecipitation of the Ni-bearing T-Al20Cu2Mn3 phase,whose number density increases over one time.The significant segregation of Ni,Ce,and Zr elements at the interfaces helps improve the thermal stability of the T phase.The thermostable T phase effectively strengthens the matrix by in-hibiting dislocation motion.Meanwhile,a highly interconnected 3D intermetallic network along the grain boundaries can still remain after long-term re-aging at 300 ℃,which is conducive to imposing a drag on the grain boundaries at high temperatures.This finding offers a viable route for enhancing the elevated-temperature strength of heat-resistant aluminum alloys,which could provide expanded opportunities for higher-temperature applications.
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    Exceptional catalytic effect of novel rGO-supported Ni-Nb nanocomposite on the hydrogen storage properties of MgH2

    Samuel GuemouLiuting ZhangShuai LiYiqun Jiang...
    83-93页
    查看更多>>摘要：The design of an excellent active catalyst to improve the sluggish kinetic and thermodynamic properties of magnesium hydride(MgH2)remains a great challenge to achieve its practical application.In this study,a novel Ni-Nb/rGO nanocomposite catalyst was successfully prepared by one-spot hydrothermal and sub-sequent calcination methods.The novel Ni-Nb/rGO nanocomposite exhibits an exceptional catalytic effect on improving MgH2 sorption properties.Specifically,the onset desorption temperature of MgH2+10 wt％Ni-Nb/rGO composite is reduced to 198 ℃,much lower than that of undoped MgH2(330 ℃).In-terestingly,the composite can release 5.0,5.9,and 6.0 wt％H2 within 10 min at 245,260,and 275 ℃,respectively.Furthermore,the dehydrogenated MgH2+10 wt％Ni-Nb/rGO composite starts to absorb hydrogen even at room temperature with approximate 2.75 wt％H2 uptake at 75 ℃ under 3 MPa H2 pressure within 30 min and exhibits excellent stability by maintaining 6.0 wt％hydrogen content after 20 cycles at 300 ℃.Chou's model suggests that the de/hydrogenation kinetics of Ni-Nb/rGO-modified MgH2 switches from surface penetration model to diffusion model at lower temperatures.Additionally,the ac-tivation energies(Ea)for the de/hydrogenation of MgH2+10 wt％Ni-Nb/rGO are reduced to 57.8 kJ/mol and 33.9 kJ/mol,which are significantly lower than those of undoped MgH2.The work demonstrates that the addition of a novel ternary Ni-Nb/rGO catalyst is an effective strategy to not only boost the sorption kinetics of MgH2 but also maintain its cycling property.
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    Hybrid effect on mechanical properties and high-temperature performance of copper matrix composite reinforced with micro-nano dual-scale particles

    Xingde ZhangYihui JiangFei CaoTian Yang...
    94-103页
    查看更多>>摘要：A dual-scale hybrid HfB2/Cu-Hf composite with HfB2 microparticles and Cu5Hf nanoprecipitates was designed and prepared.The contribution of the hybrid effect to the mechanical properties and high-temperature performances was studied from macro and micro perspectives,respectively.The hybrid of dual-scale particles can make the strain distribution of the composite at the early deformation stage more uniform and delay the strain concentration caused by the HfB2 particle.The dislocation pinning of HfB2 particles and the coherent strengthening of Cu5Hf nanoprecipitates simultaneously play a strengthening role,but the strength of the hybrid composite is not a simple superposition of two strengthening mod-els.In addition,both Cu5Hf nanoprecipitates and HfB2 microparticles contribute to the high-temperature performance of the composite,the growth and phase transition of nanoprecipitates at high temperature will reduce their contribution to strength,while the stable HfB2 particles can inhibit the coarsening of matrix grains and maintain the high-density geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)in the matrix,which ensures more excellent high-temperature resistance of the hybrid composite.As a result,the hy-brid structure can simultaneously possess the advantages of multiple reinforcements and make up for the shortcomings of each other.Finally,a copper matrix composite with high strength,high conductivity,and excellent high-temperature performance is displayed.
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    Enhanced mechanical property by introducing bimodal grains structures in Cu-Ta alloys fabricated by mechanical alloying

    Ningyu LiYongqin ChangMingyang LiYuxiang Chen...
    104-112页
    查看更多>>摘要：Dispersion-strengthened copper alloys can achieve ultra-high strength,but usually at the expense of duc-tility.In this study,a strategy for overcoming strength-ductility tradeoff of Cu alloys is realized through the introduction of bimodal grains structures.Cu-Ta alloys with only 0.5 at.％Ta content were successfully prepared by mechanical alloying combined with spark plasm sintering.The samples prepared by one-step and two-step ball milling methods are named as Cu-Ta(Ⅰ)and Cu-Ta(Ⅱ),respectively.The microstructural characterizations revealed that ultra-fine equiaxed grains with uniformly dispersed Ta precipitates were obtained in the Cu-Ta alloys.High strength of 377 MPa for yield strength together with elongation of～8％was obtained in Cu-Ta(Ⅰ).Bimodal grains structures composed of fine-grain zones and coarse-grain zones were successfully introduced into Cu-Ta(Ⅱ)by a two-step ball milling approach,and both yield strength(463 MPa)and elongation(～15％)were significantly synergistic enhanced.The hardness values of both Cu-Ta(Ⅰ)and Cu-Ta(Ⅱ)were almost kept nearly constant with the increase of annealing time,and the softening temperatures of Cu-Ta(Ⅰ)and Cu-Ta(Ⅱ)are 1018 and 1013 ℃,reaching 93.9％and 93.5％Tm of pure Cu(1083 ℃),respectively.It reveals that the Cu-0.5 at.％Ta alloys exhibit excellent thermal stability and exceptional softening resistance.Ta nanoclusters with semi-coherent structures play an essential role in enhancing the strength and microstructural stability of alloys.Bimodal structures are beneficial to the activation of back stress strengthening and the initiation and propagation of microcracks,thus obtaining the extraordinary combination of strength and elongation.This study provides a new way to fabricate dispersion-strengthened Cu alloys with high strength,high elongation,excellent thermal stability and softening resistance,which have potential application value in the field of the future fusion reactor.
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    Progress on the glassy-crystal laminates:From design,microstructure to deformation and future solutions

    Yu ChenRonggao CuiJun ShenGang Wang...
    113-144页
    查看更多>>摘要：The development of new design strategies to create innovative structural materials,refine existing ones,and achieves compatible combinations of strength and plasticity remains a worldwide goal.Promising alloys,such as shape memory alloys(SMAs),bulk metallic glasses(BMGs),high entropy alloys(HEAs),and heterogeneous pure metals such as Cu,have excellent mechanical responses,but they still fall short of meeting all the requirements of structural materials due to specific flaws,such as lack of tensile de-formation for BMGs and low yielding strength for HEAs.To address these shortcomings,proposals such as integrating glassy matrices and crystallized alloys,such as HEAs/SMAs,have been suggested.However,these solutions have unresolved issues,such as the challenging control of B2 phase formation in BMG composites.Recently,glass-crystal(A/C)laminated alloys with alternating layers have been reported to exhibit improved mechanical properties and activated work-hardening behaviors,but they still face press-ing issues such as bonding interfaces and unknown deformation mechanisms.This review focuses on design routes such as the selection of alloy components and processing techniques,exploration of micro-structural evolution and deformation modes with an increase in strain,and future solutions to address pressing and unsolved issues.These prominent advantages include diversified deformation mechanisms,such as deformation twinning,martensitic phase transformation,and precipitation hardening,as well as tuned interactive reactions of shear bands(SBs)near the A/C interfaces.Thus,this review provides a promising pathway to design and develop structural materials in the materials field community.
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