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等离子体科学和技术（英文版）
等离子体科学和技术（英文版）

万元熙、谢纪康

月刊

1009-0630

pst@ipp.ac.cn

0551-5591617，5593176

230031

合肥 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所PST编辑部

等离子体科学和技术（英文版）/Journal Plasma Science and TechnologyCSCD北大核心EISCI
查看更多>>“Plasma Science & Technology”（等离子体科学和技术）是中国科学院等离子体物理研究所主办的英文版学术期刊。其宗旨是向国内外报导我国等离子体科学界和国外科学家在高温等离子体、低温等离子体、天体空间等离子体、放电等离子体和激光等离子体等各个领域在基础研究、实验探索、装置建设和应用开发中所取得的具有新意的学术成果或阶段性成果，并刊登反映这些学科国际、国内发展新方向、新动态的综述，以及与等离子体有关的交叉学科和应用方面的最新成就等。
正式出版
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    The multi-peak point phenomenon of broadband microwave reflection caused by inhomogeneous plasma

    杨敏齐凯旋杨玖文贾飒...
    1-11页
    查看更多>>摘要：During spacecraft re-entry,the challenge of measuring plasma sheath parameters directly contributes to difficulties in addressing communication blackout.In this work,we have discovered a phenomenon of multiple peaks in reflection data caused by the inhomogeneous plasma.Simulation results show that the multi-peak points fade away as the characteristic frequency is approached,resembling a series of gradually decreasing peaks.The positions and quantities of these points are positively correlated with electron density,yet they show no relation to collision frequency.This phenomenon is of significant reference value for future studies on the spatial distribution of plasmas,particularly for using microwave reflection signals in diagnosing the plasma sheath.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Numerical study of plasmas start-up by electron cyclotron waves in NCST spheri-cal tokamak and CN-H1 stellarator

    刘亿卓行郑平卫龚学余尹岚...
    12-22页
    查看更多>>摘要：According to the physics of tokamak start-up,this study constructs a zero-dimensional(0D)model applicable to electron cyclotron(EC)wave assisted start-up in NCST spherical torus(spherical tokamak)and CN-H1 stellarators.Using the constructed 0D model,the results obtained in this study under the same conditions are compared and validated against reference results for pure hydrogen plasma start-up in tokamak.The results are in good agreement,especially regarding electron temperature,ion temperature and plasma current.In the presence of finite Ohmic electric field in the spherical tokamak,a study on the EC wave assisted start-up of the NCST plasma at frequency of 28 GHz is conducted.The impact of the vertical magnetic field Bv on EC wave assisted start-up,the relationship between EC wave injection power Pinj,Ohmic electric field E,and initial hydrogen atom density nH0 are explored separately.It is found that under conditions of Ohmic electric field lower than ITER(～0.3 V m-1),EC wave can expand the operational space to achieve better plasma parameters.Simulating the process of 28 GHz EC wave start-up in the CN-H1 stellarator plasma,the plasma current in the zero-dimensional model is replaced with the current in the poloidal coil of the stellarator.Plasma start-up can be successfully achieved at injection powers in the hundreds of kilowatts range,resulting in electron densities on the order of 1017-1018 m-3.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Effects of vacuum magnetic field region on the compact torus trajectory in a tokamak plasma

    董期龙张洁兰涛肖持进...
    23-39页
    查看更多>>摘要：The trajectory of the compact torus(CT)within a tokamak discharge is crucial to fueling.In this study,we developed a penetration model with a vacuum magnetic field region to accurately determine CT trajectories in tokamak discharges.This model was used to calculate the trajectory and penetration parameters of CT injections by applying both perpendicular and tangential injection schemes in both HL-2A and ITER tokamaks.For perpendicular injection along the tokamak's major radius direction from the outboard,CTs with the same injection parameters exhibited a 0.08 reduction in relative penetration depth when injected into HL-2A and a 0.13 reduction when injected into ITER geometry when considering the vacuum magnetic field region compared with cases where this region was not considered.In addition,we proposed an optimization method for determining the CT's initial injection velocity to accurately calculate the initial injection velocity of CTs for central fueling in tokamaks.Furthermore,this paper discusses schemes for the tangential injection of CT into tokamak discharges.The optimal injection angle and CT magnetic moment direction for injection into both HL-2A and ITER were determined through numerical simulations.Finally,the kinetic energy loss occurring when the CT penetrated the vacuum magnetic field region in ITER was reduced by ΔEk=975.08 J by optimizing the injection angle for the CT injected into ITER.These results provide valuable insights for optimizing injection angles in fusion experiments.Our model closely represents actual experimental scenarios and can assist the design of CT parameters.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Studies on the motion and radiation of interior plasmas in gas-filled hohlraums with different laser entrance hole sizes

    郭亮李欣李琦李三伟...
    40-47页
    查看更多>>摘要：An experiment on 100 kJ laser facility is performed to study the motive features and radiation properties of plasmas from different areas inside gas-filled cylindrical hohlraums.These hohlraums are designed to possess one open end and one laser entrance hole(LEH)with different diameters,which would or not result in the blocking of the LEH.An x-ray streak camera that is set at 16 degrees with respect to the hohlraum axis is applied to acquire the time-resolved x-ray images from the open end.Based on the images,we can study the evolutions of the wall plasma,corona bubble plasma and LEH plasma simultaneously through an equivalent view field of hohlraum interior.Multi-group flat response x-ray detectors are applied to measure the x-ray fluxes.In order to understand these characteristics,our two-dimensional radiation hydrodynamic code is used to simulate the experimental results.For the accuracy of reproduction,dielectronic recombination and two parameter corrections are applied in our code.Based on the comparison between experiments and simulations,we quantitatively understand the blocking process of LEH and the motion effects of other plasmas.The calibrated code is beneficial to design the gas-filled hohlraum in a nearby parameter space,especially the limit size of LEH.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Time-resolved characteristics of a nanosec-ond pulsed multi-hollow needle plate packed bed dielectric barrier discharge

    秦亮李瑶郭浩姜楠...
    48-57页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this paper,self-designed multi-hollow needle electrodes are used as a high-voltage electrode in a packed bed dielectric barrier discharge reactor to facilitate fast gas flow through the active discharge area and achieve large-volume stable discharge.The dynamic characteristics of the plasma,the generated active species,and the energy transfer mechanisms in both positive discharge(PD)and negative discharge(ND)are investigated by using fast-exposure intensified charge coupled device(ICCD)images and time-resolved optical emission spectra.The experimental results show that the discharge intensity,number of discharge channels,and discharge volume are obviously enhanced when the multi-needle electrode is replaced by a multi-hollow needle electrode.During a single voltage pulse period,PD mainly develops in a streamer mode,which results in a stronger discharge current,luminous intensity,and E/N compared with the diffuse mode observed in ND.In PD,as the gap between dielectric beads changes from 0 to 250 μm,the discharge between the dielectric bead gap changes from a partial discharge to a standing filamentary micro-discharge,which allows the plasma to leave the local area and is conducive to the propagation of surface streamers.In ND,the discharge only appears as a diffusion-like mode between the gap of dielectric beads,regardless of whether there is a discharge gap.Moreover,the generation of excited states N2+(B2Σu+)and N2(C3Πu)is mainly observed in PD,which is attributed to the higher E/N in PD than that in ND.However,the generation of the OH(A2Σ+)radical in ND is higher than in PD.It is not directly dominated by E/N,but mainly by the resonant energy transfer process between metastable N2(A3Σu+)and OH(X2Π).Furthermore,both PD and ND demonstrate obvious energy relaxation processes of electron-to-vibration and vibration-to-vibration,and no vibration-to-rotation energy relaxation process is observed.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Effect of coil and chamber structure on plasma radial uniformity in radio frequency inductively coupled plasma

    赵洋周晓华高升荣宋莎莎...
    58-66页
    查看更多>>摘要：Enhancing plasma uniformity can be achieved by modifying coil and chamber structures in radio frequency inductively coupled plasma(ICP)to meet the demand for large-area and uniformly distributed plasma in industrial manufacturing.This study utilized a two-dimensional self-consistent fluid model to investigate how different coil configurations and chamber aspect ratios affect the radial uniformity of plasma in radio frequency ICP.The findings indicate that optimizing the radial spacing of the coil enhances plasma uniformity but with a reduction in electron density.Furthermore,optimizing the coil within the ICP reactor,using the interior point method in the Interior Point Optimizer significantly enhances plasma uniformity,elevating it from 56％to 96％within the range of the model sizes.Additionally,when the chamber aspect ratio k changes from 2.8 to 4.7,the plasma distribution changes from a center-high to a saddle-shaped distribution.Moreover,the plasma uniformity becomes worse.Finally,adjusting process parameters,such as increasing source power and gas pressure,can enhance plasma uniformity.These findings contribute to optimizing the etching process by improving plasma radial uniformity.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Gliding arc discharge in combination with Cu/Cu2O electrocatalysis for ammonia production

    刘学张佳伟何弈黄嘉敏...
    67-73页
    查看更多>>摘要：Highly efficient and green ammonia production is an important demand for modern agriculture.In this study,a two-step ammonia production method is developed using a gliding arc discharge in combination with Cu/Cu2O electrocatalysis.In this method,NOx is provided by the gliding arc discharge and then electrolyzed by Cu/Cu2O after alkaline absorption.The electrical characteristics,the optical characteristics and the NOx production are investigated in discharges at different input voltage and the gas flow.The dependence of ammonia production through Cu/Cu2O electrocatalysis on pH value and reduction potential are determined by colorimetric method.In our study,two discharge modes are observed.At high input voltage and low gas flow,the discharge is operated with a stable plasma channel which is called the steady arc gliding discharge mode(A-G mode).As lowering input voltage and raising gas flow,the plasma channel is destroyed and high frequency breakdown occurs instead,which is known as the breakdown gliding discharge mode(B-G mode).The optimal NOx production of 7.34 mmol h-1 is obtained in the transition stage of the two discharge modes.The ammonia yield reaches 0.402 mmol h-1 cm-2 at pH value of 12.7 and reduction potential of-1.0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).
      原文链接:
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    Enhancing CO2 transport with plasma-functionalized ionic liquid membranes

    舒茹晨许卉裴晨霄王楠...
    74-81页
    查看更多>>摘要：The ionic liquid(IL)l-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate treated with radiofrequency plasma is proposed for functionalization and immobilization on polyethersulfone supports to form supported ionic liquid membranes for CO2 separation.The effects of treatment time and transmembrane pressure difference on CO2 permeance were evaluated.The best gas permeation performance was obtained with a treatment time of 10 min and the transmembrane pressure difference was 0.25 MPa.Characterization of the materials by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrates that the IL is grafted with carboxyl groups and deprotonated through plasma treatment.A preliminary mechanism for the plasma treatment and facilitated transport of CO2 has been proposed on this basis.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Optimization of magnetic field design for Hall thrusters based on a genetic algorithm

    谭睿杭观荣王平阳
    82-92页
    查看更多>>摘要：Magnetic field design is essential for the operation of Hall thrusters.This study focuses on utilizing a genetic algorithm to optimize the magnetic field configuration of SPT70.A 2D hybrid PIC-DSMC and channel-wall erosion model are employed to analyze the plume divergence angle and wall erosion rate,while a Farady probe measurement and laser profilometry system are set up to verify the simulation results.The results demonstrate that the genetic algorithm contributes to reducing the divergence angle of the thruster plumes and alleviating the impact of high-energy particles on the discharge channel wall,reducing the erosion by 5.5％and 2.7％,respectively.Further analysis indicates that the change from a divergent magnetic field to a convergent magnetic field,combined with the upstream shift of the ionization region,contributes to the improving the operation of the Hall thruster.
      原文链接:
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    • 维普

    Research on a deconvolution algorithm for laser-induced fluorescence diagnosis based on the maximum entropy principle

    雷清雲杨雄程谋森张帆...
    93-107页
    查看更多>>摘要：Laser-induced fluorescence(LIF)spectroscopy is employed for plasma diagnosis,necessitating the utilization of deconvolution algorithms to isolate the Doppler effect from the raw spectral signal.However,direct deconvolution becomes invalid in the presence of noise as it leads to infinite amplification of high-frequency noise components.To address this issue,we propose a deconvolution algorithm based on the maximum entropy principle.We validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by utilizing simulated LIF spectra at various noise levels(signal-to-noise ratio,SNR=20-80 dB)and measured LIF spectra with Xe as the working fluid.In the typical measured spectrum(SNR=26.23 dB)experiment,compared with the Gaussian filter and the Richardson-Lucy(R-L)algorithm,the proposed algorithm demonstrates an increase in SNR of 1.39 dB and 4.66 dB,respectively,along with a reduction in the root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 35％and 64％,respectively.Additionally,there is a decrease in the spectral angle(SA)of 0.05 and 0.11,respectively.In the high-quality spectrum(SNR=43.96 dB)experiment,the results show that the running time of the proposed algorithm is reduced by about 98％compared with the R-L iterative algorithm.Moreover,the maximum entropy algorithm avoids parameter optimization settings and is more suitable for automatic implementation.In conclusion,the proposed algorithm can accurately resolve Doppler spectrum details while effectively suppressing noise,thus highlighting its advantage in LIF spectral deconvolution applications.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普