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国际水土保持研究（英文）
国际水土保持研究（英文）

季刊

2095-6339

国际水土保持研究（英文）/Journal International Soil and Water Conservation ResearchCSCD北大核心SCI
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    Variation in soil infiltration properties under different land use/cover in the black soil region of Northeast China

    Pingzong ZhuGuanghui ZhangChengshu WangShiqi Chen...
    379-387页
    查看更多>>摘要：Soil infiltration properties(SIPs)of infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity significantly affect hydrological and erosion processes,thus,knowledge of SIPs under different land use/cover are vital for land use management to control soil erosion for realizing the sustainable development of the small agricultural watershed.Nevertheless,few studies have been carried out to investigate the differences in SIPs and their dominant influencing factors between different land use/cover in the black soil region of Northeast China.Therefore,eight typical land use/cover were selected to clarify the variations in SIPs between different land use/cover and further identify their dominant influencing factors.SIPs of initial infiltration rate(IIR),steady infiltration rate(SIR),and saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks)were determined under eight typical land use/cover(forestland,shrub land,grassland,longitudinal shelter-belt,transverse shelterbelt,agricultural road,and cropland of Zea mays L.and Glycine max(Linn.)Merr)using a tension disc infiltrometer with three pressure heads of-3,-1.5,and 0 cm.The results of one-way ANOVA analysis showed that SIPs varied greatly between different land use/cover.Shelterbelt plant with Populus L.had the maximum IIR,SIR,and Ks,and then followed by shrub land,agricultural road,crop-land,grassland,and forestland.Spearman correlation analysis indicated that SIPs were significantly correlated with soil and vegetation properties.Redundancy analysis revealed that differences in SIPs between different land use/cover were dominantly attributed to the differences in soil texture,field capacity,and plant root mass density,which explained 79.36％of the total variation in SIPs.Among these dominant influencing factors,the results of structural equation model indicated that the indirect effects of plant root and soil texture played the most important role in variations of SIPs via affecting soil texture and pore characteristics.These results have significant implications for the precise prediction of watershed hydrological and erosion processes,also provide a scientific basis for guiding the distribution pattern of land use in the cultivated watershed.
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    Historical evolution of gully erosion and its response to land use change during 1968-2018 in the Mollisol region of Northeast China

    Shengmin ZhangMingming GuoXin LiuZhuoxin Chen...
    388-402页
    查看更多>>摘要：Gully erosion is one of the most severe types of land degradation,hindering food production and sus-tainable agricultural development.However,the historical evolution process and the impact of land use change on gully erosion remain unclear.To address this issue,we conducted a field investigation on gully erosion in 2018 and interpreted land use and gullies using historical remote sensing images in 1968 and 1978 over an area of 84.48 km2.The study found that from 1968 to 1978 to 2018,all gully morphological parameters including gully length density and gully areal density increased significantly.The main origin of gully erosion found was from dry farmland.The annual soil loss rate induced by gully erosion was 1.46 mm during 1968-2018.Gully erosion rates were higher during 1968-1978 than during 1978-2018.Furthermore,the length,areal and volumetric erosion rates in gullies formed by multiple gullies merging was greater than that of newly formed gullies(NFG)and gullies developing continuously from a single pre-existing gully,while the widening rate of NFG was highest.The susceptibility of land use types to gully erosion was in the order of woodland＜dry farmland＜degraded land.The annual average increase in gully area was 871.09 m2 km-2 year1 for parcels that were converted from woodland to dry farmland,which was 5.56 times and 1.78 times greater than that of woodland and dry farmland maintenance,respectively.Therefore,urgent implementation of ecological land use plans and gully erosion control practices is suggested for this region.
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    Agricultural drought severity in NE Italy:Variability,bias,and future scenarios

    Giulia SofiaClaudio ZacconePaolo Tarolli
    403-418页
    查看更多>>摘要：This study investigated the variability of agricultural drought severity,as depicted by vegetation indices,and the bias in identifying drought events when considering a stationary vs nonstationary climate reference.The work leveraged gridded climate data(NCEP CFSv2,CHIRPS 1981-2022),soil properties(OpenLandMap),satellite imagery(Sentinel2/Landsat,2000-2022),and future climate projections(NEX-GDDP,2050)together with local knowledge of selected farms,to augment drought monitoring tech-niques and identify potential issues for agriculture.For the study domain,significant differences were observed when comparing drought characteristics using stationary and nonstationary drought indexes,with biases being not ubiquitous in either space or time of year.When developing sustainable drought mitigation and adaptation strategies,decision-makers should carefully address this uncertainty to avoid a possible underestimation of drought magnitude.Results showed a drought increase(-50％)by the mid and late twenty-first century.Projection of future climate highlighted an even more significant impact(-80％)with a wide variability of risk across the domain.As drought impact was also related to soil organic carbon(SOC),our results suggest that improving SOC content could be a sustainable strategy for enhancing soil drought resilience,especially in areas commonly characterized by low concentrations of organic carbon and nutrients.The analysis highlighted that drought impacts were also modulated by investment in irrigation infrastructure and irrigation efficiency.Researchers and land managers could apply the proposed analysis design to address historical,current and future indicators of vegetation conditions within irrigated regions.By providing spatio-temporal information on the patterns of drought impacts and their bias,this study supports identifying priority regions for targeted drought risk reduction and adaptation options,including water resources and soil management sustainability criteria,to move towards more resilient agricultural systems.
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    Tracing soil erosion with Fe3O4 magnetic powder:Principle and application

    Hongqiang ShiGang LiuXiaobing AnYajun Zhao...
    419-431页
    查看更多>>摘要：Magnetic powder is regarded as an effective and economical tracer for estimating soil erosion.However,the principle and application for using magnetic powder to estimate soil erosion are still not fully developed.In this study,magnetic powders with mean diameters of both 30 and 1 pm were mixed into three soils at different mass proportion.The relationship between magnetic susceptibility and the mass proportion of the introduced magnetic powder in the tagged soil,and the binding ability of magnetic powder to soil particles after both dry and wet sieving were investigated.The accuracy of tracking soil loss by using magnetic powder as a tracer was assessed.The results showed that there was a significant linear relationship between the magnetic susceptibility and the mass proportion of the introduced magnetic powder in the tagged soil.The relationship between the amount of soil captured by a magnet and the mass proportion of magnetic powder in the tagged soil indicated that soils were readily magnetized by magnetic powder,especially fine fractions.The magnetic susceptibility of magnetic powder in different sizes of soil aggregates was variable.A majority of magnetic powder of both 30 and 1 μm diameters was strongly bound with fine particles＜0.05 mm in dry and wet sieving.Using the estimated tracer mass proportions,the relative errors between measured and estimated soil losses with enrichment correction factor were less than 18.3％under the simulated rain events.This study not only reveal the principle of Fe3O4 powder in soil erosion,but also improve its estimated precision of soil loss,which can make the tracing method by Fe3O4 magnetic powder more useable in future.
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    Evaluating soil erosion and runoff dynamics in a humid subtropic,low stream order,southern plains watershed from cultivation and solar farm development

    Luis Mier-ValderramaJulianna LealHumberto L.Perotto-BaldiviesoBrent Hedquist...
    432-445页
    查看更多>>摘要：Much work has been done to understand and improve soil and water conservation where agriculture has driven land use intensification.Less is known about soil-and water-related impacts from intensification driven by solar farming,especially at watershed-scales.Here we employed Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modeling System(HEC-HMS)to model Pond Creek,a rural watershed in Texas,USA.Land use is primarily crop cultivation and secondarily pasture for cattle grazing.Presently,several industrial-scale projects are planned to convert ≈ 15-30％of Pond Creek from agriculture to solar farms.The model was parameterized using public data sources and information from local stakeholders,then calibrated to several historical precipitation events.Experiments were conducted by varying precipita-tion depth,duration,and land uses:native vegetation pre-cultivation(control),cultivation(current),current conditions with 15％solar farm conversion(solar),and current conditions with 30％solar farm conversion(solar x2).Shifting to solar farming led to significant increases in cumulative sediment load(+12％-30％),with no significant differences in peak discharge rate changes(+0.38％-4％).Comparison to soil loss tolerance values showed current and solar treatment erosion rates exceeded tolerance values between 0.17 and 2.29 tons per hectare and all treatments were significantly different than the native treatment.We discuss high leverage strategies applicable to solar farm development sites as well as watersheds where they reside.Accelerating demand for land for renewable energy such as solar farming warrants greater attention from the soil and water conservation community to anticipate and mitigate impacts across landscapes.
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    Modification of the RUSLE slope length factor based on a multiple flow algorithm considering vertical leakage at karst landscapes

    Teng FengYuemin YueKelin WangHongsong Chen...
    446-454页
    查看更多>>摘要：Heterogeneous karst surfaces exerted scaling effects whereby specific runoff decrease with increasing area.The existing RUSLE-L equations are limited by the default implicit assumption that the surface-runoff intensity is constant at any slope length.The objective of this study was to modify the L-equa-tion by establishing the functional relationship between surface-runoff intensity and karst slope length,and to evaluate its predictive capability at different resolution DEMs.Transfer grid layers were generated based on the area rate of surface karstification and considered the runoff transmission percentage at the exposed karst fractures or conduits to be zero.Using the multiple flow direction algorithm united with the transfer grid(MFDTG),the flow accumulation of each grid cell was simulated to estimate the average surface-runoff intensity over different slope lengths.The effectiveness of MFDTG algorithm was validated by runoff plot data in Southwestern China.The simulated results in a typical peak-cluster depression basin with an area rate of surface karstification of 6.5％showed that the relationship between surface-runoff intensity and slope length was a negative power function.Estimated by the proposed modified L-equation((alx(b+1)/22.13)m),the L-factor averages of the study basin ranged from 0.35 to 0.41 at 1,5,25 and 90 m resolutions respectively.This study indicated that the modified L-equation enables an improved prediction of the much smaller L-factor and the use of any resolution DEMs on karst land-scapes.Particular attention should be given to the variation of surface-runoff intensity with slope length when predicting L-factor on hillslopes with runoff scale effect.
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    Wind tunnel simulation of wind erosion and dust emission processes,and the influences of soil texture

    Xiaofeng ZuoChunlai ZhangXiaoyu ZhangRende Wang...
    455-466页
    查看更多>>摘要：Dust emission caused by wind erosion of soil is an important surface process in arid and semi-arid re-gions.However,existing dust emission models pay insufficient attention to the impacts of aerodynamic entrainment of particles.In addition,studies of wind erosion processes do not adequately account for the dynamics of wind erosion rates and dust emission fluxes,or for the impact of soil texture on dust emission.Our wind tunnel simulations of wind erosion and dust emission showed that the soil texture,wind erosion duration,and shear velocity are major factors that affect the dynamics of wind erosion and dust emission.Because of the limited supply of surface sand and the change in surface erosion resistance caused by surface coarsening during erosion,the wind erosion rate and the flux of particles smaller than 10 pm(PM10)caused by aerodynamic entrainment decreased rapidly with increasing erosion duration,which suggests that surface wind erosion and dust emission occur primarily during the initial stage of wind erosion.The PM10 emission efficiency decreased with increasing shear velocity following a power function,and finer textured sandy loam soils had greater PM10 emission efficiency than loamy sand soils.
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    Predictive simulation and optimal allocation of surface water resources in reservoir basins under climate change

    Qiangqiang RongShuwa ZhuWencong YueMeirong Su...
    467-480页
    查看更多>>摘要：Predicting and allocating surface water resources are becoming increasingly important tasks for addressing the risk of water shortages and challenges of climate change,especially in reservoir basins.However,surface water resource management includes many systematic uncertainties and complexities that are difficult to address.Thus,advanced models must be developed to support predictive simulations and optimal allocations of surface water resources,which are urgently required to ensure regional water supply security and sustainable socioeconomic development.In this study,a soil and water assessment tool-based interval linear multi-objective programming(SWAT-ILMP)model was developed and inte-grated with climate change scenarios,SWAT,interval parameter programming,and multi-objective programming.The developed model was applied to the Xinfengjiang Reservoir basin in South China and was able to identify optimal allocation schemes for water resources under different climate change scenarios.In the forecast year 2025,the optimal water quantity for power generation would be the highest and account for-60％of all water resources,the optimal water quantity for water supply would account for-35％,while the optimal surplus water released from the reservoir would be the lowest at＜5％.In addition,climate change and reservoir initial storage would greatly affect the surplus water quantity but not the power generation or water supply quantity.In general,the SWAT-ILMP model is applicable and effective for water resource prediction and management systems.The results from different scenarios can provide multiple alternatives to support rational water resource allocation in the study area.
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    Comment on"Assessing gully erosion and rehabilitation using multi temporal LiDAR DEMs:Case study from the Great Barrier Reef catchments,Australia"by Khan et al.,2023

    James S.DaleyAndrew P.BrooksJohn R.Spencer
    481-486页
    查看更多>>摘要：Geomorphic change detection(GCD)using high resolution topographic data can provide important in-sights into geomorphological systems.However,considerations must first be given to the mechanisms and dynamics producing landscape change when considering an appropriate experimental design.Khan et al.(2023)investigate gully erosion rates and processes in different untreated and rehabilitated gullies using multi-temporal aerial lidar survey(ALS)data.However,an inappropriate time interval between sampling,a lack of uncertainty measures and lack of baseline monitoring survey data lead them to arrive at incorrect conclusions.Additional data is presented from the same field sites,which demonstrate gully sediment losses have been underestimated by at least 330％and potentially over an order of magnitude.A number of critical shortcomiongs of the paper are outlined.Insufficient time intervals between data collection have led to a lack of detection of some sediment transport processes.Earthworks associated with gully rehabilitation have been conflated with geomorphic change,as no post-construction baseline data was collected.A lack of post-construction baseline data for this analysis means ongoing erosion and deposition cannot be resolved in the rehabilitated gully landscape.Given these errors in approach,discussions of gully geomorphic processes,erosion mechanisms and evaluations of rehabilitation efforts are unsupported,overstated and inaccurate.This has important implications for land management ef-forts and planning as well ongoing research on alluvial gully erosion,which is largely overlooked by Khan et al.(2023).
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