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钢铁研究学报（英文版）
钢铁研究学报（英文版）

田志凌

月刊

1006-706X

gtyjxb-e@163.com

010-62182295

100081

北京市海淀区学院南路76号

钢铁研究学报（英文版）/Journal Journal of Iron and Steel Research, InternationalCSCDCSTPCD北大核心EISCI
正式出版
收录年代

    Review on regulation of MnS in non-quenched and tempered steel

    Guo-xing QiuQing DuFeng LuDe-jun Miao...
    779-789页
    查看更多>>摘要：An overview of the current research status and control methods of MnS in non-quenched and tempered steel was provided.As a low-melting plastic inclusion,the morphology and distribution of MnS were influenced by various production processes.Therefore,control of MnS is a systematic problem that must be integrated into the entire production process.Based on the production process,the factors affecting the morphology and distribution of MnS in steel were introduced.The effects of oxygen activity,manganese,sulfur,and some alloys on MnS inclusion precipitation were summarized,mainly including MnS modification treatment and oxygen-sulfide composite precipitation control.It is believed that MnS precipitates during the solidification process of steel,and controlling the solidification cooling rate could effectively regulate the size and morphology of MnS,avoiding the precipitation of Ⅱ-MnS.Additionally,by changing the deformation rate,deformation amount,deformation temperature during the hot deformation process,and heating time and temperature during heat treatment,the distribution and morphology of MnS could be improved.Through the fine control of the above process parameters,the number of Ⅱ-MnS in steel could be effectively reduced,and their morphology could be improved,thereby enhancing the performance of non-quenched and tempered steel and promoting its wider application.Furthermore,applying laboratory research results to industrial production is an important direction for future research efforts in this field.
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    Ferrite features in simulated transition zone of EH36 shipbuilding steel submerged arc welded by CaF2-SiO2-MnO fluxes

    Ming ZhongDong HuDa-ming GuoSomnath Basu...
    790-796页
    查看更多>>摘要：Ferrite features in the simulated transition zone welded with CaF2-SiO2-MnO fluxes containing various MnO contents have been investigated.Confocal laser scanning microscopy has been applied to simulate the thermal cycling of the transition zone and the phase transformations during cooling have been in-situ observed.It has been found that the appearance temperature for ferrite side plate decreases with increasing Mn content in the weld metals caused by MnO content increasing.Meanwhile,growth rates for both ferrite side plate and acicular ferrite are significantly enhanced with a higher Mn content of weld metal.Furthermore,from the statistical fractions of salient microstructures,for all samples,the acicular ferrite,grain boundary ferrite,and polygonal ferrite take over more than 90％.It has also been demonstrated that with the increase in Mn content,the ferrite side plate fraction increases slightly from 5％to 10％and the acicular ferrite fraction shows a tendency of first increasing and then decreasing,which experiences the maximum with the flux containing 30 wt.％MnO.This phenomenon is believed to be controlled by the O and Mn contents in weld metals synergistically.
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    Effect of alumina occurrence form on metallurgical properties of hematite and magnetite pellets

    Jian PanChen-mei TangCong-cong YangDe-qing Zhu...
    797-809页
    查看更多>>摘要：The effect of alumina occurrence form on the metallurgical properties of both hematite and magnetite pellets was investigated at the same Al2O3 level of 2 wt.％,including reduction index(RI),low-temperature reduction disintegration index(RDI),reduction swelling index(RSI),and high-temperature softening-dripping performance.The mineralogy of fired pellets was also studied to reveal the influence of alumina occurrence form on the phase composition and microstructure.From the results,the alumina occurrence form presents tremendous impacts on the metallurgical perfor-mance of both magnetite and hematite pellets.Addition of all alumina occurrence forms contributes to inferior reducibility of pellets,especially in the case of gibbsite for magnetite pellets with a RI of 58.4％and kaolinite for hematite pellets with a RI of 56.8％.However,addition of all alumina occurrence forms improves the RDI of magnetite pellets,while there is no significant difference among various alumina occurrence forms.In contrast,alumina occurrence forms have little influence on the RDI of hematite pellets.The presence of free alumina,gibbsite,and kaolinite tends to improve the RSI of hematite and magnetite pellets,whereas hercynite gives the opposite trend with a RSI of 25.6％.For softening-dripping performance of magnetite pellets,all alumina occurrence forms contribute to narrower softening-melting interval.Meanwhile,alumina,gibbsite,and kaolinite give narrower softening-dripping interval,at 229,217,and 88 ℃,respectively,whereas addition of hercynite results in the largest melting range at 276 ℃ due to its high melting point.Regarding hematite pellets,free alumina,gibbsite,and hercynite tend to enlarge melting range,whereas kaolinite contributes to lower dripping temperature of 1148 ℃ and narrow softening-dripping interval of 88 ℃ due to the formation of a greater amount of slag phase at high temperatures.
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    • 维普

    O2 adsorption on Fe3O4(110)surface and effect of gangue element Al doping:combined study of binding experiment and ab initio molecular dynamics

    Zheng-jian LiuHui-qing JiangYao-zu WangJian-liang Zhang...
    810-827页
    查看更多>>摘要：At high temperature,the chemical reaction mechanism at the interface of magnetite and the influence mechanism of gangue element Al on the oxidation performance of magnetite are not clear.In addition,due to the limitation of existing experimental equipment,it is difficult to clarify the interface reaction mechanism in the oxidation process and the influence mechanism of Al on the surface oxidation reaction of Fe3O4 at an atomic scale at high temperature.The surface oxidation reaction mechanism of magnetite and the influence mechanism of Al on the oxidation of magnetite were studied by experiments and AIMD(ab initio molecular dynamics).The experimental results show that the existence of A12O3 will reduce the initial oxidation temperature and comprehensive oxidation performance of magnetite.The AIMD results show that aluminum can accelerate the interface reaction rate of Fe3O4 in the high-temperature oxidation atmosphere,but the strong Al-O binding ability is not conducive to the transfer of O atoms in the oxidation process.
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    Volume of fluid simulation of single argon bubble dynamics in liquid steel under RH vacuum conditions

    Gu-jun ChenSheng-ping He
    828-837页
    查看更多>>摘要：Single argon bubble dynamics in liquid steel under Ruhrstahl-Heraeus(RH)vacuum conditions were simulated using the volume of fluid method,and the ideal gas law was used to consider bubble growth due to heat transfer and pressure drop.Additional simulation with a constant bubble density was also performed to validate the numerical method,and the predicted terminal bubble shape and velocity were found to agree with those presented in the Grace diagram and calculated by drag correlation,respectively.The simulation results under RH conditions indicate that the terminal bubble shape and velocity cannot be reached.The primary bubble growth occurs within a rising distance of 0.3 m owing to heating by the high-temperature liquid steel;subsequently,the bubble continues to grow under equilibrium with the hydrostatic pressure.When the initial diameter is 8-32 mm,the bubble diameter and rising velocity near the liquid surface are 80-200 mm and 0.5-0.8 m/s,respectively.The bubble rises rectilinearly with an axisymmetric shape,and the shape evolution history includes an initial sphere,(dimpled)ellipsoid,and spherical cap with satellite bubbles.
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    Effect of Al content in molten steel on interaction between MgO-C refractory and SPHC steel

    Fu-bin GaoFu-ming WangXiang ZhangTian-yu Du...
    838-848页
    查看更多>>摘要：The effect of Al content in molten steel on the interaction between SPHC steel(0.005-0.068 wt.％Als and 19 × 10-4-58 × 10-4 wt.％O)and MgO-C refractory(11.63 wt.％C)was investigated.Non-metallic inclusions in the steel were examined at various periods(0,5,15,30,45,and 60 min)as well as the MgO-C interface after 60 min of corrosion at 1600 ℃.The results show that when MgO-C refractory comes into contact with SPHC steel,the refractory interface consists of three layers arranged from the innermost to the outermost,including the original refractory layer,the dense MgO layer,and the iron infiltration layer.The carbon in the MgO-C refractories and the Al content in the molten steel undergo a reaction with the MgO in the refractories,resulting in an increase in Mg concentration in the steel.Increasing Al content in the molten steel from 0.005 to 0.068 wt.％causes a spinel layer to appear at the interface,and the disappearance time of Al2O3 inclusions in the steel decreases from 60 to 30 min,while the average MgO content in inclusions increases.Therefore,controlling the Al content in the molten steel and the smelting duration can help regulate the formation of spinel inclusions in the steel.
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    Effect of MgO-Cr2O3 and MgO-MgAl2O4-based refractories on refractory-steel interface reaction and cleanliness of pipeline steel

    Guang-mei YangCheng YuanChang LiuQiang Wang...
    849-860页
    查看更多>>摘要：The interaction of MgO-MgAl2O4-based and MgO-Cr2O3-based refractories with X70 molten steel was studied by immersion experiments at 1560 ℃.The effects of immersion time(30 and 60 min)on the contents of total oxygen(TO),Al,Nb,Si,Mn,and Cr as well as the composition,number density,and size distribution of inclusions in the molten steel were investigated.The influence of the penetration and erosion degree of the molten steel to the refractory on the steel-refractory interface layer was analyzed.The results show that,at 1560 ℃,the MgO-MgAl2O4-based refractory can better control the contents of TO and the composition of molten steel compared with the MgO-Cr2O3-based refractory.The TO content is only 16 × 10-4 wt.％in the molten steel after reacted with the MgO-MgAl2O4-based refractory at the end point of refining,accounting for 11.5％of that reacted with the MgO-Cr2O3-based refractory(139 × 10-4 wt.％).The number density of inclusions is only 14 mm-2,and the average size of inclusions is only 1.31 μm,with the largest proportion of inclusions in 1-2 μm(70％).The Al2O3-MnS-CaO complex inclusions in the original steel changed to complex inclusions dominated by Cr-Nb-Mn-S-O and MgO·Al2O3,corresponding to the MgO-Cr2O3-based and MgO-MgAl2O4-based refractories,respectively.The MgO·Al2O3 layer was formed at the reaction interface between MgO-MgAl2O4-based refractory and molten steel,which is helpful to restrict the erosion of refractories and the pollution of molten steel.The damage mechanism of the MgO-Cr2O3-based refractory is mainly permeation and chemical reaction,while the damage of the MgO-MgAl2O4-based refractory is mainly scouring erosion.
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    Dissolution kinetics and reaction mechanism of Al2O3 in molten CaF2-CaO-Al2O3 slag

    Yao-xin DuYan-wu DongZhou-hua JiangGanna Stovpchenko...
    861-869页
    查看更多>>摘要：The dissolution behavior of Al2O3 in molten CaF2-CaO-Al2O3 slag,a basic slag system of electroslag remelting process,was investigated by rotating cylinder method using corundum rods to simulate Al2O3 inclusions in steel.The experimental results show that the dissolution rate of Al2O3 rods in CaF2-CaO-Al2O3 slag increases with the increase in rotating speed and temperature,and the rate-controlling step is the mass transfer in the slag.The dissolution rate of Al2O3 in CaF2-CaO-Al2O3 slag increases with the increase in the ratio of CaO to Al2O3,which is due to the increase in dissolution driving force and the decrease in slag viscosity.The apparent activation energy of the mass transfer of Al2O3 in slag C is calculated to be 222.86 kJ mol-1.During the dissolution of Al2O3 inclusions in the slag,it reacts with F- in liquid slag at first,then reacts with CaO to form the intermediate compounds of xCaO-yAl2O3 system,and finally dissolves in molten slag.The dissolution rate of Al2O3 inclusions in CaF2-CaO-Al2O3 slag for electroslag remelting is positively correlated with the ratio of the dissolution driving force and slag viscosity,and the correlation coefficient is 2.487 × 10-11.
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    Effect of Cr2O3 on properties of CaO-SiO2-FetO-MgO system and dissolution behavior of lime

    Shan-nan LiJian-li LiYue YuHang-yu Zhu...
    870-881页
    查看更多>>摘要：The productivity of the chrome-containing semi-steel converter smelting process is directly affected by the slag-forming speed during the converter preliminary stage.The effects of Cr2O3 content on the physicochemical properties of the CaO-SiO2-FetO-MgO system,such as melting temperature,solidification behavior,mineral composition,and lime dissolution rate,were studied.The results showed that the slag was an amorphous phase at 1500 ℃.When Cr2O3 was added,Ca(Fe,Mg)Si2O6 and spinel were formed in the slag.With the increase in Cr2O3 content,the amount of spinel precipitation increased,and the dendritic Fe3O4 crystal gradually changed into the granular(Fe,Mg)(Fe,Cr)2O4 crystal.As the Cr2O3 content increased from 0 to 2.91 wt.％,the melting temperature of the slag rose,and the melting range of the slag expanded slightly,but the lime dissolution rate did not change.When the Cr2O3 content further increased to 9.09 wt.％,the melting temperature continued to rise,the melting range rapidly expanded,and the lime dissolution rate decreased.
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    A new integrated model of deformation resistance and its application in prediction of rolling force of a thick plate

    Shun-hu ZhangYan LiLi-zhi CheWen-hao Tian...
    882-893页
    查看更多>>摘要：The prediction accuracy of existing models of the rolling force of a thick plate is always very low.To address this problem,a high-precision genetic algorithm-backpropagation network(GA-BP)model of deformation resistance was built,and its integration with the traditional fitted model was further established.Then,a novel rolling force model was obtained by embedding the integration model of deformation resistance in the original model of rolling force.According to this research idea,the industrial data are normalized at first.On this basis,the interactions among the process parameters were disclosed through the variance analysis,and then described by various virtual factors.These factors are set as part of input parameters.Then,the optimal structure of the GA-BP model of deformation resistance was determined and an integration model of deformation resistance was built.Finally,a novel rolling force model is obtained by substituting the traditional fitted deformation resistance into the Sims model with the integration model of the deformation resistance.The results proves that the introduction of virtual factors can increase the hit rate of±5％from 75.8％to 78％and can reduce the root mean square error from 4.72％to 4.48％.Besides,it is found that the mean relative error of the traditional fitted deformation resistance is 0.142,while that of the modified deformation resistance is only 0.03.In addition,the mean relative error in the original rolling force model is 0.145,while that of the present model is only 0.03.
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    • 维普