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环境科学与生态技术（英文）
环境科学与生态技术（英文）
环境科学与生态技术（英文）/Journal Environmental Science & EcotechnologySCI
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    Ecological filter walls for efficient pollutant removal from urban surface water

    Menglong LiaoYe QiuYan TianZeng Li...
    230-237页
    查看更多>>摘要：Urban surface water pollution poses significant threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health.Con-ventional nitrogen removal technologies used in urban surface water exhibit drawbacks such as high consumption of carbon sources,high sludge production,and focus on dissolved oxygen(DO)concen-tration while neglecting the impact of DO gradients.Here,we show an ecological filter walls(EFW)that removes pollutants from urban surface water.We utilized a polymer-based three-dimensional matrix to enhance water permeability,and emergent plants were integrated into the EFW to facilitate biofilm formation.We observed that varying aeration intensities within the EFW's aerobic zone resulted in distinct DO gradients,with an optimal DO control at 3.19±0.2 mg L-1 achieving superior nitrogen removal efficiencies.Specifically,the removal efficiencies of total organic carbon,total nitrogen,ammonia,and nitrate were 79.4％,81.3％,99.6％,and 79.1％,respectively.Microbial community analysis under a 3 mg L-1 DO condition revealed a shift in microbial composition and abundance,with genera such as Dechloromonas,Acinetobacter,unclassified_f_Comamonadaceae,SM1A02 and Pseudomonas playing pivotal roles in carbon and nitrogen elimination.Notably,the EFW facilitated shortcut nitrification-denitrification processes,predominantly contributing to nitrogen removal.Considering low manufacturing cost,flexible application,small artificial trace,and good pollutant removal ability,EFW has promising potential as an innovative approach to urban surface water treatment.
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    • 万方数据

    Deep learning-based detection of indicator species for monitoring biodiversity in semi-natural grasslands

    Deepak H.BasavegowdaInga SchleipPaul MosebachCornelia Weltzien...
    238-247页
    查看更多>>摘要：Deep learning(DL)has huge potential to provide valuable insights into biodiversity changes in species-rich agricultural ecosystems such as semi-natural grasslands,helping to prioritize and plan conservation efforts.However,DL has been underexplored in grassland conservation efforts,hindered by data scarcity,intricate ecosystem interactions,and limited economic incentives.Here,we developed a DL-based ob-ject-detection model to identify indicator species,a group of vascular plant species that serve as sur-rogates for biodiversity assessment in high nature value(HNV)grasslands.We selected indicator species Armeria maritima,Campanula patula,Cirsium oleraceum,and Daucus carota.To overcome the hurdle of limited data,we grew indicator plants under controlled greenhouse conditions,generating a sufficient dataset for DL model training.The model was initially trained on this greenhouse dataset.Then,smaller datasets derived from an experimental grassland plot and natural grasslands were added to the training to facilitate the transition from greenhouse to field conditions.Our optimized model achieved remark-able average precision(AP)on test datasets,with 98.6 AP50 on greenhouse data,98.2 AP50 on experi-mental grassland data,and 96.5 AP50 on semi-natural grassland data.Our findings highlight the innovative application of greenhouse-grown specimens for the in-situ identification of plants,bolstering biodiversity monitoring in grassland ecosystems.Furthermore,the study illuminates the promising role of DL techniques in conservation programs,particularly as a monitoring tool to support result-based agri-environment schemes.
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    Overlooked interaction between redox-mediator and bisphenol-A in permanganate oxidation

    Honglong ZhangQiaoqiao ZhaoKangbao ZhongRuopeng Bai...
    248-255页
    查看更多>>摘要：Research efforts on permanganate(Mn(Ⅶ))combined with redox-mediator(RM),have received increasing attention due to their significant performance for bisphenol-A(BPA)removal.However,the mechanisms underpinning BPA degradation remain underexplored.Here we show the overlooked in-teractions between RM and BPA during permanganate oxidation by introducing an RM-N-hydrox-yphthalimide(NHPI).We discovered that the concurrent generation of MnO2 and phthalimide-N-oxyl(PINO)radical significantly enhances BPA oxidation within the pH range of 5.0-6.0.The detection of radical cross-coupling products between PINO radicals and BPA or its derivatives corroborates the pivotal role of radical cross-coupling in BPA oxidation.Intriguingly,we observed the formation of an NHPI-BPA complex,which undergoes preferential oxidation by Mn(Ⅶ),marked by the emergence of an electron-rich domain in NHPI.These findings unveil the underlying mechanisms in the Mn(Ⅶ)/RM system and bridge the knowledge gap concerning BPA transformation via complexation.This research paves the way for further exploration into optimizing complexation sites and RM dosage,significantly enhancing the system's efficiency in water treatment applications.
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    PAHs removal by soil washing with thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate

    Le-Yao XingGuan-Han MengJi-Xian YangMing-Han Xu...
    256-267页
    查看更多>>摘要：Remediating soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)presents a significant environmental challenge due to their toxic and carcinogenic properties.Traditional PAHs remediation methods—chemical,thermal,and bioremediation—along with conventional soil-washing agents like surfactants and cyclodextrins face challenges of cost,ecological harm,and inefficiency.Here we show an effective and environmentally friendly calixarene derivative for PAHs removal through soil washing.Thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate(TCAS)has a unique molecular structure of a sulfonate group and a sulfur atom,which enhances its solubility and facilitates selective binding with PAHs.It forms host-guest complexes with PAHs through π-π stacking,OH-π interactions,hydrogen bonding,van der Waals forces,and electrostatic interactions.These interactions enable partial encapsulation of PAH molecules,aiding their desorption from the soil matrix.Our results show that a 0.7％solution of TCAS can extract approximately 50％of PAHs from contaminated soil while preserving soil nutrients and minimizing adverse environmental effects.This research unveils the pioneering application of TCAS in removing PAHs from contaminated soil,marking a transformative advancement in resource-efficient and sus-tainable soil remediation strategies.
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    Evaluating a river's ecological health:A multidimensional approach

    Qiuyun ZhaoYangyang ZhangXiuwen LiXiaodong Hu...
    268-277页
    查看更多>>摘要：Evaluating the health of river surface water is essential,as rivers support significant biological resources and serve as vital drinking water sources.While the Water Quality Index(WQI)is commonly employed to evaluate surface water quality,it fails to consider biodiversity and does not fully capture the ecological health of rivers.Here we show a comprehensive assessment of the ecological health of surface water in the lower Yangtze River(LYR),integrating chemical and biological metrics.According to traditional WQI metrics,the LYR's surface water generally meets China's Class Ⅱ standards.However,it also contains 43 high-risk emerging contaminants;nitrobenzenes are found at the highest concentrations,representing 25-90％of total detections,while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present the most substantial envi-ronmental risks,accounting for 81-93％of the total risk quotient.Notably,the plankton-based index of biological integrity(P-IBI)rates the ecological health of the majority of LYR water samples(59.7％)as'fair',with significantly better health observed in autumn compared to other seasons(p＜0.01).Our findings suggest that including emerging contaminants and P-IBI as additional metrics can enhance the traditional WQI analysis in evaluating surface water's ecological health.These results highlight the need for a multidimensional assessment approach and call for improvements to LYR's ecological health,focusing on emerging contaminants and biodiversity rather than solely on reducing conventional indicators.
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    Lactate-mediated medium-chain fatty acid production from expired dairy and beverage waste

    Bin BianWenxiang ZhangNajiaowa YuWei Yang...
    278-286页
    查看更多>>摘要：Fruits,vegetables,and dairy products are typically the primary sources of household food waste.Currently,anaerobic digestion is the most used bioprocess for the treatment of food waste with concomitant generation of biogas.However,to achieve a circular carbon economy,the organics in food waste should be converted to new chemicals with higher value than energy.Here we demonstrate the feasibility of medium-chain carboxylic acid(MCCA)production from expired dairy and beverage waste via a chain elongation platform mediated by lactate.In a two-stage fermentation process,the first stage with optimized operational conditions,including varying temperatures and organic loading rates,transformed expired dairy and beverage waste into lactate at a concentration higher than 900 mM C at 43 ℃.This lactate was then used to produce＞500 mM C caproate and＞300 mM C butyrate via microbial chain elongation.Predominantly,lactate-producing microbes such as Lactobacillus and Lacticaseibacillus were regulated by temperature and could be highly enriched under mesophilic conditions in the first-stage reactor.In the second-stage chain elongation reactor,the dominating microbes were primarily from the genera Megasphaera and Caproiciproducens,shaped by varying feed and inoculum sources.Co-occurrence network analysis revealed positive correlations among species from the genera Caproici-producens,Ruminococcus,and CAG-352,as well as Megasphaera,Bacteroides,and Solobacterium,indi-cating strong microbial interactions that enhance caproate production.These findings suggest that producing MCCAs from expired dairy and beverage waste via lactate-mediated chain elongation is a viable method for sustainable waste management and could serve as a chemical production platform in the context of building a circular bioeconomy.
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    Trends and drivers of anthropogenic NOx emissions in China since 2020

    Hui LiBo ZhengYu LeiDidier Hauglustaine...
    287-293页
    查看更多>>摘要：Nitrogen oxides(NOx),significant contributors to air pollution and climate change,form aerosols and ozone in the atmosphere.Accurate,timely,and transparent information on NOx emissions is essential for decision-making to mitigate both haze and ozone pollution.However,a comprehensive understanding of the trends and drivers behind anthropogenic NOx emissions from China—the world's largest emit-ter—has been lacking since 2020 due to delays in emissions reporting.Here we show a consistent decline in China's NOx emissions from 2020 to 2022,despite increased fossil fuel consumption,utilizing satellite observations as constraints for NOx emission estimates through atmospheric inversion.This reduction is corroborated by data from two independent spaceborne instruments:the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument(TROPOMI)and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument(OMI).Notably,a reduction in transport emissions,largely due to the COVID-19 lockdowns,slightly decreased China's NOx emissions in 2020.In subsequent years,2021 and 2022,reductions in NOx emissions were driven by the industry and transport sectors,influenced by stringent air pollution controls.The satellite-based inversion system developed in this study represents a significant advancement in the real-time monitoring of regional air pollution emissions from space.
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    Polylactic acid micro/nanoplastic-induced hepatotoxicity:Investigating food and air sources via multi-omics

    Hua ZhaShengyi HanRuiqi TangDan Cao...
    294-308页
    查看更多>>摘要：Micro/nanoplastics(MNPs)are detected in human liver,and pose significant risks to human health.Oral exposure to MNPs derived from non-biodegradable plastics can induce toxicity in mouse liver.Similarly,nasal exposure to non-biodegradable plastics can cause airway dysbiosis in mice.However,the hepa-totoxicity induced by foodborne and airborne biodegradable MNPs remains poorly understood.Here we show the hepatotoxic effects of biodegradable polylactic acid(PLA)MNPs through multi-omics analysis of various biological samples from mice,including gut,fecal,nasal,lung,liver,and blood samples.Our results show that both foodborne and airborne PLA MNPs compromise liver function,disrupt serum antioxidant activity,and cause liver pathology.Specifically,foodborne MNPs lead to gut microbial dys-biosis,metabolic alterations in the gut and serum,and liver transcriptomic changes.Airborne MNPs affect nasal and lung microbiota,alter lung and serum metabolites,and disrupt liver transcriptomics.The gut Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group is a potential biomarker for foodborne PLA MNP exposure,while nasal unclassified_Muribaculaceae and lung Klebsiella are potential biomarkers for airborne PLA MNP exposure.The relevant results suggest that foodborne PLA MNPs could affect the"gut microbiota-gut-liver"axis and induce hepatoxicity,while airborne PLA MNPs could disrupt the"airway microbiota-lung-liver"axis and cause hepatoxicity.These findings have implications for diagnosing PLA MNPs-induced hepatotoxicity and managing biodegradable materials in the environment.Our current study could be a starting point for biodegradable MNPs-induced hepatotoxicity.More research is needed to verify and inhibit the pathways that are crucial to MNPs-induced hepatotoxicity.
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    Biocontrol agents modulate phyllosphere microbiota interactions against pathogen Pseudomonas syringae

    Zhaoyue YangTianbo LiuJianqiang FanYiqiang Chen...
    309-317页
    查看更多>>摘要：The pathogen Pseudomonas syringae,responsible for a variety of diseases,poses a considerable threat to global crop yields.Emerging biocontrol strategies employ antagonistic microorganisms,utilizing phyl-losphere microecology and systemic resistance to combat this disease.However,the interactions be-tween phyllosphere microbial dynamics and the activation of the plant defense system remain poorly understood.Here we show significant alterations in phyllosphere microbiota structure and plant gene expression following the application of biocontrol agents.We reveal enhanced collaboration and inte-gration of Sphingomonas and Methylobacterium within the microbial co-occurrence network.Notably,Sphingomonas inhibits P.syringae by disrupting pathogen chemotaxis and virulence.Additionally,both Sphingomonas and Methylobacterium activate plant defenses by upregulating pathogenesis-related gene expression through abscisic acid,ethylene,jasmonate acid,and salicylic acid signaling pathways.Our results highlighted that biocontrol agents promote plant health,from reconstructing beneficial microbial consortia to enhancing plant immunity.The findings enrich our comprehension of the synergistic in-terplays between phyllosphere microbiota and plant immunity,offering potential enhancements in biocontrol efficacy for crop protection.
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    Characterizing leaf-deposited particles:Single-particle mass spectral analysis and comparison with naturally fallen particles

    Dele ChenHua-Yun XiaoNingxiao SunJingli Yan...
    318-328页
    查看更多>>摘要：The size and composition of particulate matter(PM)are pivotal in determining its adverse health effects.It is important to understand PM's retention by plants to facilitate its atmospheric removal.However,the distinctions between the size and composition of naturally fallen PM(NFPM)and leaf-deposited PM(LDPM)are not well-documented.Here we utilize a single-particle aerosol mass spectrometer,coupled with a PM resuspension chamber,to analyze these differences.We find that LDPM particles are 6.8-97.3％larger than NFPM.Employing a neural network algorithm based on adaptive resonance theory,we have identified distinct compositional profiles:NFPM predominantly consists of organic carbon(OC;31.2％)and potassium-rich components(19.1％),whereas LDPM are largely composed of crustal species(53.9-60.6％).Interestingly,coniferous species retain higher OC content(11.5-13.7％)compared to broad-leaved species(0.5-1.2％),while the levoglucosan content exhibit an opposite trend.Our study highlights the active role of tree leaves in modifying PM composition beyond mere passive capture,advocating for a strategic approach to species selection in urban greening initiatives to enhance PM mitigation.These insights provide guidance for urban planners and environmentalists in implementing nature-based so-lutions to improve urban air quality.
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