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极端制造（英文）
极端制造（英文）
极端制造（英文）/Journal International Journal of Extreme ManufacturingCSCDCSTPCDSCI
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    In-situ additive manufacturing of high strength yet ductility titanium composites with gradient layered structure using N2

    Yunmian XiaoChanghui SongZibin LiuLinqing Liu...
    385-408页
    查看更多>>摘要：It has always been challenging work to reconcile the contradiction between the strength and plasticity of titanium materials.Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)is a convenient method to fabricate innovative composites including those inspired by gradient layered materials.In this work,we used LPBF to selectively prepare TiN/Ti gradient layered structure(GLSTi)composites by using different N2-Ar ratios during the LPBF process.We systematically investigated the mechanisms of in-situ synthesis TiN,high strength and ductility of GLSTi composites using microscopic analysis,TEM characterization,and tensile testing with digital image correlation.Besides,a digital correspondence was established between the N2 concentration and the volume fraction of LPBF in-situ synthesized TiN.Our results show that the GLSTi composites exhibit superior mechanical properties compared to pure titanium fabricated by LPBF under pure Ar.Specifically,the tensile strength of GLSTi was more than 1.5 times higher than that of LPBF-formed pure titanium,reaching up to 1100 MPa,while maintaining a high elongation at fracture of 17％.GLSTi breaks the bottleneck of high strength but low ductility exhibited by conventional nanoceramic particle-strengthened titanium matrix composites,and the hetero-deformation induced strengthening effect formed by the TiN/Ti layered structure explained its strength-plasticity balanced principle.The microhardness exhibits a jagged variation of the relatively low hardness of 245 HV0.2 for the pure titanium layer and a high hardness of 408 HV0.2 for the N2 in-situ synthesis layer.Our study provides a new concept for the structure-performance digital customization of 3D-printed Ti-based composites.
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    Triboelectric'electrostatic tweezers'for manipulating droplets on lubricated slippery surfaces prepared by femtosecond laser processing

    Jiale YongXinlei LiYoudi HuYubin Peng...
    409-425页
    查看更多>>摘要：The use of 'Electrostatic tweezers'is a promising tool for droplet manipulation,but it faces many limitations in manipulating droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces.Here,we achieve noncontact and multifunctional droplet manipulation on Nepenthes-inspired lubricated slippery surfaces via triboelectric electrostatic tweezers(TETs).The TET manipulation of droplets on a slippery surface has many advantages over electrostatic droplet manipulation on a superhydrophobic surface.The electrostatic field induces the redistribution of the charges inside the neutral droplet,which causes the triboelectric charged rod to drive the droplet to move forward under the electrostatic force.Positively or negatively charged droplets can also be driven by TET based on electrostatic attraction and repulsion.TET enables us to manipulate droplets under diverse conditions,including anti-gravity climb,suspended droplets,corrosive liquids,low-surface-tension liquids(e.g.ethanol with a surface tension of 22.3 mN·m-1),different droplet volumes(from 100 nl to 0.5 ml),passing through narrow slits,sliding over damaged areas,on various solid substrates,and even droplets in an enclosed system.Various droplet-related applications,such as motion guidance,motion switching,droplet-based microreactions,surface cleaning,surface defogging,liquid sorting,and cell labeling,can be easily achieved with TETs.
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    Revolutionizing plasmonic platform via magnetic field-assisted confined ultrafast laser deposition of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine nanoparticle arrays

    Jin XuLingfeng WangPeilin YangHaoqing Jiang...
    426-437页
    查看更多>>摘要：The remarkable capabilities of 2D plasmonic surfaces in controlling optical waves have garnered significant attention.However,the challenge of large-scale manufacturing of uniform,well-aligned,and tunable plasmonic surfaces has hindered their industrialization.To address this,we present a groundbreaking tunable plasmonic platform design achieved through magnetic field(MF)assisted ultrafast laser direct deposition in air.Through precise control of metal nanoparticles(NPs),with cobalt(Co)serving as the model material,employing an MF,and fine-tuning ultrafast laser parameters,we have effectively converted coarse and non-uniform NPs into densely packed,uniform,and ultrafine NPs(～3 nm).This revolutionary advancement results in the creation of customizable plasmonic'hot spots,'which play a pivotal role in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)sensors.The profound impact of this designable plasmonic platform lies in its close association with plasmonic resonance and energy enhancement.When the plasmonic nanostructures resonate with incident light,they generate intense local electromagnetic fields,thus vastly increasing the Raman scattering signal.This enhancement leads to an outstanding 2-18 fold boost in SERS performance and unparalleled sensing sensitivity down to 10-10 M.Notably,the plasmonic platform also demonstrates robustness,retaining its sensing capability even after undergoing 50 cycles of rinsing and re-loading of chemicals.Moreover,this work adheres to green manufacturing standards,making it an efficient and environmentally friendly method for customizing plasmonic'hot spots'in SERS devices.Our study not only achieves the formation of high-density,uniform,and ultrafine NP arrays on a tunable plasmonic platform but also showcases the profound relation between plasmonic resonance and energy enhancement.The outstanding results observed in SERS sensors further emphasize the immense potential of this technology for energy-related applications,including photocatalysis,photovoltaics,and clean water,propelling us closer to a sustainable and cleaner future.
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    Vibration-assisted vat photopolymerization for pixelated-aliasing-free surface fabrication

    Han XuRenzhi HuShuai ChenJunhong Zhu...
    438-455页
    查看更多>>摘要：Mask image projection-based vat photopolymerization(MIP-VPP)offers advantages like low cost,high resolution,and a wide material range,making it popular in industry and education.Recently,MIP-VPP employing liquid crystal displays(LCDs)has gained traction,increasingly replacing digital micromirror devices,particularly among hobbyists and in educational settings,and is now beginning to be used in industrial environments.However,LCD-based MIP-VPP suffers from pronounced pixelated aliasing arising from LCD's discrete image pixels and its direct-contact configuration in MIP-VPP machines,leading to rough surfaces on the 3D-printed parts.Here,we propose a vibration-assisted MIP-VPP method that utilizes a microscale vibration to uniformize the light intensity distribution of the LCD-based mask image on VPP's building platform.By maintaining the same fabrication speed,our technique generates a smoother,non-pixelated mask image,reducing the roughness on flat surfaces and boundary segments of 3D-printed parts.Through light intensity modeling and simulation,we derived an optimal vibration pattern for LCD mask images,subsequently validated by experiments.We assessed the surface texture,boundary integrity,and dimensional accuracy of components produced using the vibration-assisted approach.The notably smoother surfaces and improved boundary roughness enhance the printing quality of MIP-VPP,enabling its promising applications in sectors like the production of 3D-printed optical devices and others.
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    Improving fatigue properties of normal direction ultrasonic vibration assisted face grinding Inconel 718 by regulating machined surface integrity

    Nianwei XuRenke KangBi ZhangYuan Zhang...
    456-474页
    查看更多>>摘要：Fatigue properties are crucial for critical aero-engine components in extreme service environments,which are significantly affected by surface integrity(SI)indexes(especially surface topography,residual stress σres,and microhardness)after machining processes.Normal-direction ultrasonic vibration-assisted face grinding(ND-UVAFG)has advantages in improving the machinability of Inconel 718,but there is a competitive relationship between higher compressive σres and higher surface roughness Ra in affecting fatigue strength.The lack of a quantitative relationship between multiple SI indexes and fatigue strength makes the indeterminacy of a regulatory strategy for improving fatigue properties.In this work,a model of fatigue strength(σf)sur considering multiple SI indexes was developed.Then,high-cycle fatigue tests were carried out on Inconel 718 samples with different SI characteristics,and the influence of ND-UVAFG process parameters on SI was analyzed.Based on SI indexes data,the(σf)sur distribution in the grinding surface layer for ND-UVAFG Inconel 718 samples was determined using the developed model,and then the fatigue crack initiation(FCI)sites were further predicted.The predicted FCI sites corresponded well with the experimental results,thereby verifying this model.A strategy for improving the fatigue life was proposed in this work,which was to transfer the fatigue source from the machined surface to the bulk material by controlling the SI indexes.Finally,a critical condition of SI indexes that FCI sites appeared on the surface or in bulk material was given by fitting the predicted results.According to the critical condition,an SI field where FCI sites appeared in the bulk material could be obtained.In this field,the fatigue life of Inconel 718 samples could be improved by approximately 140％.
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    Pixelated non-volatile programmable photonic integrated circuits with 20-level intermediate states

    Wenyu ChenShiyuan LiuJinlong Zhu
    475-486页
    查看更多>>摘要：Multi-level programmable photonic integrated circuits(PICs)and optical metasurfaces have gained widespread attention in many fields,such as neuromorphic photonics,optical communications,and quantum information.In this paper,we propose pixelated programmable Si3N4 PICs with record-high 20-level intermediate states at 785 nm wavelength.Such flexibility in phase or amplitude modulation is achieved by a programmable Sb2S3 matrix,the footprint of whose elements can be as small as 1.2 μm,limited only by the optical diffraction limit of an in-house developed pulsed laser writing system.We believe our work lays the foundation for laser-writing ultra-high-level(20 levels and even more)programmable photonic systems and metasurfaces based on phase change materials,which could catalyze diverse applications such as programmable neuromorphic photonics,biosensing,optical computing,photonic quantum computing,and reconfigurable metasurfaces.
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    Fast prototype and rapid construction of three-dimensional and multi-scaled pitcher for controlled drainage by systematic biomimicry

    Tao ShenNing LiShijie LiuCunlong Yu...
    487-502页
    查看更多>>摘要：Biomimetic materials that use natural wisdom to solve practical problems are developing rapidly.The trend for systematic biomimicry is towards in-situ characterization of natural creatures with high spatial resolutions.Furthermore,rapid reconstruction of digital twin models with the same complex features as the prototype is indispensable.However,it faces bottlenecks and limits in fast characterization and fabrication,precise parameter optimization,geometric deviations control,and quality prediction.To solve these challenges,here,we demonstrate a state-of-the-art method taking advantage of micro-computed tomography and three-dimensional printing for the fast characterization of the pitcher plant Nepenthes x vent rata and fabrication of its biomimetic model to obtain a superior drainage controller with multiscale structures with precise surface morphology optimization and geometric deviation control.The film-rupture-based drainage dynamic and mechanisms are characterized by x-ray and high-speed videography,which determines the crucial structures for unique directional drainage.Then the optimized artificial pitchers are further developed into sustained drainage devices with novel applications,such as detection,reaction,and smoke control.
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    3D printed grafts with gradient structures for organized vascular regeneration

    Yuewei ChenZhongfei ZouTao FuZhuang Li...
    503-519页
    查看更多>>摘要：Synthetic vascular grafts suitable for small-diameter arteries(＜6 mm)are in great need.However,there are still no commercially available small-diameter vascular grafts(SDVGs)in clinical practice due to thrombosis and stenosis after in vivo implantation.When designing SDVGs,many studies emphasized reendothelization but ignored the importance of reconstruction of the smooth muscle layer(SML).To facilitate rapid SML regeneration,a high-resolution 3D printing method was used to create a novel bilayer SDVG with structures and mechanical properties mimicking natural arteries.Bioinspired by the collagen alignment of SML,the inner layer of the grafts had larger pore sizes and high porosity to accelerate the infiltration of cells and their circumferential alignment,which could facilitate SML reconstruction for compliance restoration and spontaneous endothelialization.The outer layer was designed to induce fibroblast recruitment by low porosity and minor pore size and provide SDVG with sufficient mechanical strength.One month after implantation,the arteries regenerated by 3D-printed grafts exhibited better pulsatility than electrospun grafts,with a compliance(8.9％)approaching that of natural arteries(11.36％)and significantly higher than that of electrospun ones(1.9％).The 3D-printed vascular demonstrated a three-layer structure more closely resembling natural arteries while electrospun grafts showed incomplete endothelium and immature SML.Our study shows the importance of SML reconstruction during vascular graft regeneration and provides an effective strategy to reconstruct blood vessels through 3D-printed structures rapidly.
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    Control of temperature dependent viscosity for manufacturing of Bi-doped active fiber

    Rui DuanJingfei ChenHao KeTianxia Wei...
    520-529页
    查看更多>>摘要：Bi-activated photonic materials are promising for various applications in high-capacity telecommunication,tunable laser,and advanced bioimaging and sensing.Although various Bi-doped material candidates have been explored,manufacturing of Bi heavily doped fiber with excellent optical activity remains a long-standing challenge.Herein,a novel viscosity evolutional behavior mediated strategy for manufacturing of Bi-doped active fiber with high dopant solubility is proposed.The intrinsic relation among the evolution of Bi,reaction temperature and viscosity of the glass system is established.Importantly,the effective avenue to prevent the undesired deactivation of Bi during fiber drawing by tuning the temperature dependent viscosity evolution is built.By applying the strategy,for the first time we demonstrate the success in fabrication of heavily doped Bi active fiber.Furthermore,the principal fiber amplifier device is constructed and broadband optical signal amplification is realized.Our findings indicate the effectiveness of the proposed temperature dependent viscosity mediated strategy for developing novel photonic active fiber,and they also demonstrate the great potential for application in the next-generation high-capacity telecommunication system.
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    Efficient concentration of trace analyte with ordered hotspot construction for a robust and sensitive SERS platform

    Youdi HuYanlei HuZhenyu WangJiale Yong...
    530-541页
    查看更多>>摘要：Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)platform,which enables trace analyte detection,has important application prospects.By structuring/modifying the surface of the SERS substrate,analyte in highly diluted solutions can be concentrated into localized active areas for highly sensitive detection.However,subject to the difficulty of the fabrication process,it remains challenging to balance hot-spot construction and the concentration capacity of analyte simultaneously.Therefore,preparing SERS substrates with densely ordered hot spots and efficient concentration capacity is of great significance for highly sensitive detection.Herein,we propose an Ag and fluoroalkyl-modified hierarchical armour substrate(Ag/F-HA),which has a double-layer stacking design to combine analyte concentration with hotspot construction.The microarmour structure is fabricated by femtosecond-laser processing to serve as a superhydrophobic and low-adhesive surface to concentrate analyte,while the anodic aluminium oxide(AAO)template creates a nanopillar array serving as dense and ordered hot spots.Under the synergistic action of hot spots and analyte concentration,Ag/F-HA achieves a detection limit down to 10-7 M doxorubicin(DOX)molecules with a RSD of 7.69％.Additionally,Ag/F-HA exhibits excellent robustness to resist external disturbances such as liquid splash or abrasion.Based on our strategy,SERS substrates with directional analyte concentrations are further explored by patterning microcone arrays with defects.This work opens a way to the realistic implementation of SERS in diverse scenarios.
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