Aitang ZhangKai WangJulker NineMengyu Cao...
378-389页查看更多>>摘要：The application of solar steam generation in seawater desalination is an effective way to solve the shortage of fresh water resources.At present,many kinds of photothermal conversion materials have been developed and used as evaporators in seawater desalination.However,some evaporators need additional thermal insulation or water supply devices to achieve efficient photothermal conversion.In addition,their complex,time consuming and no scalable preparation process,high cost of raw materials and poor salt resistance hinder the practical application of these evaporator.Owing to its distinctive nanoporous structure,diatomite as fossilized single-cells algae diatoms is a promising natural silica-based material for seawater desalination.They are taken from sea and that makes true sense to use them in the sea.Herein,we report the first example of synthesis robust three-dimensional(3D)natural-diatomite composite by assembling polyaniline nanoparticles covered diatomite into the polyvinyl alcohol pre-treated melamine foam frameworks and demonstrate its application as new evaporator for seawater desalination.The porous framework does not only improve the sunlight scattering efficiency,but also offer large network of channels for water transportation.The inherent mechanism behind salt desalination process involves the absorption of water molecules on the surface of the internal silica micro-nano pores,and evaporation under the heat induced by the polyaniline absorbed sunlight.Meanwhile,the metal ions are segregated by many available pores and channels to achieve the self-desalting effect.The developed evaporator possesses the superiority of multi-stage pore structure,strong hydrophilicity,low thermal conductivity,excellent light absorption,fast water transportation and salt-resistant crystallization as well as good durability.The evaporation rate without an additional device is found to be 1.689 kg m-2 h-1 under 1-Sun irradiation,and the energy conversion efficiency is as high as 95％.This work creates a platform and develops the prospect of employing green and sustainable natural-diatomite composite evaporator for practical applications of seawater desalination.
Ruijia HuMing LiTao ShenXin Wang...
390-402页查看更多>>摘要：Considerable progress has been made in recent years to the development of sustainable polymers from bio-based feedstocks.In this study,100％bio-based nylons were prepared via an integrated chemical and biological process from lignocellulose.These novel nylons were obtained by the melt polymerization of 3-propyladipic acid derived from lignin and l,5-pentenediamine/1,4-butanediamine derived from carbohydrate sugar.Central to the concept is a three-step noble metal free catalytic chemical funnelling sequence(Raney Ni mediated reductive catalytic fractionation-reductive funnelling-oxidative funnelling),which allowed for obtaining a single component 3-propyladipic acid from lignin with high efficiency.The structural and thermodynamic properties of the obtained nylons have been systematically investigated,and thus obtained transparent bio-based nylons exhibited higher Mw(＞32,000)and excellent thermal stability(Td5％＞265 ℃).Considering their moderate Tg and good melt strength,these transparent bio-based nylons could serve as promising functional additives or temperature-responsive materials.
Lukun XiaoAnyi ZhaoJie QiuAn Liu...
403-412页查看更多>>摘要：Herbal extraction residues(HERs)cause serious environmental pollution and resource waste.In this study,a novel green route was designed for the comprehensive reutilization of all components in HERs,taking Magnolia officinalis residues(MOR)as an example.The reluctant structure of MOR was first destroyed by alkali pretreatment to release the functional ingredients(magnolol and honokiol)originally remaining in MOR and to make MOR more accessible for hydrolysis.A metal-organic frame material MIL-101(Cr)with a maximum absorption capacity of 255.64 mg g-1 was synthesized to absorb the released honokiol and magnolol from the pretreated MOR solutions,and 40 g L-1 reducing sugars were obtained with 81.8％enzymatic hydrolysis rate at 10％MOR solid loading.Finally,382 mg L-1 β-amyrin was produced from MOR hydrolysates by an engineered yeast strain.In total,1 kg honokiol,8 kg magnolol,and 7.64 kg β-amyrin could produce from 1 ton MOR by this cleaner process with a total economic output of 170,700 RMB.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据