查看更多>>摘要：Sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies are a vital prerequisite for neutral future carbon.To this end,carbon materials with attractive features,such as tunable pore architecture,good electrical conductivity,outstanding physicochemical stability,abundant resource,and low cost,have used as promising electrode materials for energy conversion and storage.Defect engineering could modulate the structures of carbon materials,thereby affecting their electronic properties.The presence of defects on carbons may lead to asymmetric charge distribution,change in geometrical configuration,and distortion of the electronic structure that may result in unexpected electrochemical performances.In this review,recent advances in defects of carbons used for energy conversion and storage were examined in terms of types,regulation strategies,and fine characterization means of defects.The applications of such carbons in supercapacitors,rechargeable batteries,and electrocatalysis were also discussed.The perspectives toward the development of defect engineering carbons were proposed.In all,novel insights related to improvement in high-performance carbon materials for future energy conversion and storage applications were provided.
查看更多>>摘要：Rechargeable zinc-ion batteries with mild aqueous electrolytes are one of the most promising systems for large-scale energy storage as a result of their inherent safety,low cost,environmental-friendliness,and acceptable energy density.However,zinc metal anodes always suffer from unwanted dendrite growth,leading to low Coulombic efficiency and poor cycle stability and during the repeated plating/stripping processes,which substantially restrict their further development and application.To solve these critical issues,a lot of research works have been dedicated to overcoming the drawbacks associated with zinc metal anodes.In this overview,the working mechanisms and existing issues of the zinc metal anodes are first briefly outlined.Moreover,we look into the ongoing processes of the different strategies for achieving highly stable and dendrite-free zinc metal anodes,including crystal engineering,structural engineering,coating engineering,electrolyte engineering,and separator engineering.Finally,some challenges being faced and prospects in this field are provided,together with guiding significant research directions in the future.
查看更多>>摘要：Metal-organic framework-based compounds have recently gained great attention because of their unique porous structure,ordered porosity,and high specific surface area.Benefiting from these superior properties,metal-organic framework-based compounds have been proven to be one of the most potential candidates for environmental governance and remediation.In this review,the different types of metal-organic framework-based compounds are first summarized.Further,the various environmental applications of metal-organic framework-based compounds including organic pollutant removal,toxic and hazardous gas capture,heavy metal ion detection,gas separation,water harvesting,air purification,and carbon dioxide reduction reactions are discussed in detail.In the end,the opportunities and challenges for the future development of metal-organic framework-based compounds for environmental applications are highlighted.
Muhammad Kashif AslamSidra JamilShahid HussainMaowen Xu...
73-95页
查看更多>>摘要：Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries have the advantages of high theoretical specific capacity(1675 mAh g-1),rich sulfur resources,low production cost,and friendly environment,which makes it one of the most promising next-generation rechargeable energy storage devices.However,the"shuttle effect"of polysulfide results in the passivation of metal lithium anode,the decrease of battery capacity and coulombic efficiency,and the deterioration of cycle stability.To realize the commercialization of Li-S batteries,its serious"shuttle effect"needs to be suppress.The commercial separators are ineffective to suppress this effect because of its large pore size.Therefore,it is an effective strategy to modify the separator surface and introduce functional modified layer.In addition to the blocking strategy,the catalysis of polysulfide conversion reaction is also an important factor hindering the migration of polysulfides.In this review,the principles of separator modification,functionalization,and catalysis in Li-S batteries are reviewed.Furthermore,the research trend of separator functionalization and polysulfide catalysis in the future is prospected.
查看更多>>摘要：Nickel-rich LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2(NCM,1-x-y ≥ 0.6)is known as a promising cathode material for lithium-ion batteries since its superiority of high voltage and large capacity.However,polycrystalline Ni-rich NCMs suffer from poor cycle stability,limiting its further application.Herein,single crystal and polycrystalline LiNi0.84Co0.07Mn0.09O2 cathode materials are compared to figure out the relation of the morphology and the electrochemical storage performance.According to the Li+diffusion coefficient,the lower capacity of single crystal samples is mainly ascribed to the limited Li+diffusion in the large bulk.In situ XRD illustrates that the polycrystalline and single crystal NCMs show a virtually identical manner and magnitude in lattice contraction and expansion during cycling.Also,the electrochemically active surface area(ECSA)measurement is employed in lithium-ion battery study for the first time,and these two cathodes show huge discrepancy in the ECSA after the initial cycle.These results suggest that the single crystal sample exhibits reduced cracking,surface side reaction,and Ni/Li mixing but suffers the lower Li+diffusion kinetics.This work offers a view of how the morphology of Ni-rich NCM effects the electrochemical performance,which is instructive for developing a promising strategy to achieve good rate performance and excellent cycling stability.
查看更多>>摘要：Quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery is a promising candidate for next generation high energy density and high safety power supply.Despite intensive efforts on electrolytes,uncontrolled interfacial reactions on lithium with electrolyte and patchy interfacial contacts still hinder its practical process.Herein,we bring in rationally designed F contained groups into polymer skeleton via in-situ gelation for the first time to establish quasi-solid-state battery.This method achieves a capacity retention of 90％after 1000 cycles at 0.5C with LiFePO4 cathodes.The interface constructed by polymer skeleton and reaction with-CF3 lead to the predicted solid electrolyte interface species with high stability.Furthermore,we optimize molecular reactivity and interface stability with regulating F contained end groups in the polymer.Comparisons on different structures reveal that high performance solid stable lithium metal batteries rely on chemical modification as well as stable polymer skeleton,which is more critical to construct robust and steady SEI with uniform lithium deposition.New approach with functional groups regulation proposes a more stable cycling process with a capacity retention of 94.2％at 0.5C and 87.6％at 1C after 1000 cycles with LiFePO4 cathodes,providing new insights for the practical development of quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery.
查看更多>>摘要：Solar-driven hydrogel evaporator used for water purification demonstrates great potential in seawater desalination and domestic sewage treatment.However,much uncertainty still exists about the most efficient design to obtain cost-effective drinkable water.In this paper,a natural rich biomass Nicandra physalodes(Linn.)Gaertn.polysaccharide was introduced into the polyvinyl alcohol network to control the water distribution during evaporation and build a low-cost hybrid hydrogel solar evaporator with a total material cost of $7.95 m-2.The mixed evaporator works stably in a long-span acid-base range(pH 1-14)and salinity range(0-320 g kg-1).Its daily water purification capacity can reach 24.4 kg m-2 with a water purification capacity of 3.51 kg m-2 h-1 under sunlight.This paper provides a new possibility for a highly efficient and cost-effective water desalination system with guaranteed water quality by focusing on the dynamic regulation of water molecules at the evaporation interface.
查看更多>>摘要：Using porous carbon hosts in cathodes of Li-S cells can disperse S actives and offset their poor electrical conductivity.However,such reservoirs would in turn absorb excess electrolyte solvents to S-unfilled regions,causing the electrolyte overconsumption,specific energy decline,and even safety hazards for battery devices.To build better cathodes,we propose to substitute carbons by In-doped Sn02(ITO)nano ceramics that own three-in-one functionalities:1)using conductive ITO enables minimizing the total carbon content to an extremely low mass ratio(～3％)in cathodes,elevating the electrode tap density and averting the electrolyte overuse;2)polar ITO nanoclusters can serve as robust anchors toward Li polysulfide(LiPS)by electrostatic adsorption or chemical bond interactions;3)they offer catalysis centers for liquid-solid phase conversions of S-based actives.Also,such ceramics are intrinsically nonflammable,preventing S cathodes away from thermal runaway or explosion.These merits entail our configured cathodes with high tap density(1.54 g cm-3),less electrolyte usage,good security for flame retardance,and decent Li-storage behaviors.With lean and LiNO3-free electrolyte,packed full cells exhibit excellent redox kinetics,suppressed LiPS shuttling,and excellent cyclability.This may trigger great research enthusiasm in rational design of low-carbon and safer S cathodes.
查看更多>>摘要：Sulfur element possesses an ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity,while the utilization of sulfur in the whole cathode is lower obviously owing to the sluggish kinetics of sulfur and discharged products,limiting the enhancement on energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries.Herein,for the first time,Fe0.24Co0.26Ni0.10Cu0.15Mn0.25 high-entropy alloy is introduced as the core catalytic host to activate the electrochemical performance of the sulfur cathode for lithium-sulfur batteries.It is manifested that Fe0.24Co0.26Ni0.10Cu0.15Mn0.25 high-entropy alloy nanocrystallites distributed on nitrogen-doped carbon exhibit high electrocatalytic activity toward the conversion of solid sulfur to solid discharged products across soluble intermediate lithium polysulfides.In particular,benefiting from the accelerated kinetics by high-entropy alloy nanocrystallites and synergistic adsorption by nitrogen-doped carbon,the cathode exhibits high reversible capacity of 1079.5 mAh g-cathode-1(high utilization of 89.4％)with the whole cathode as active material,instead of sulfur element.Moreover,under both lean electrolyte(3 μL mg-1)and ultrahigh sulfur loading(27.0 mg cm-2)condition,the high discharge capacity of 868.2 mAh g-cathode-1 can be still achieved for the sulfur cathode.This strategy opens up a new path to explore catalytic host materials for enhancing the utilization of sulfur in the whole cathode for lithium-sulfur batteries.
维普
万方数据