查看更多>>摘要：With the increasing awareness of the risks and impacts of climate change,scholars tend to pay more attention to the applications of in-dicators,which access the effectiveness of climate change adaptation.This study aims to evaluate the overall progress of climate change adaptation in China during 2010-2018 in a quantitative manner.The Index for Climate Change Adaptation in China(ICCAC)has been thus developed by adopting the analytic hierarchy process weighting and expert scoring method.Namely,ICCAC is composed of national climate change impacts,adaptation actions in key sectors,adaptation progress in key sectors,and the national adaptation policy framework.Overall,the ICCAC and its four sub-indexes increased significantly from 2010 to 2018,on a yearly-basis.Each sub-index implied that the socio-economic impacts caused by climate change in China have been alleviated gradually;specifically,the mainstream endeavor of key sectors has witnessed remarkable progress,however,it is worth noting that the gap between individual adaptation actions and policies still exists;the implementation effect of policies in key sectors is not as affluent as that of actions;the current adaptation endeavor in key areas is still closely related to the mainstream business of corresponding competent ministries rather than adaptation-aimed actions;the national adaptation policy framework has been primarily formed,but there are still some deficiencies.As a result,the gap in China's adaptation process could be mainly manifested in the following five aspects:ⅰ)adaptation effectiveness assessment in forestry and urban infrastructure is urgently needed;ⅱ)policies in marine and water resources sectors need structural reforms;ⅲ)evaluation criteria for national adaptation are not necessarily sufficient;ⅳ)the improvement of adaptive management efficiency has stagnated recently;and ⅴ)the adaptation works of relevant Ministries should be coordinated and put forward the corresponding strategies.Finally,this study presents four proposals:conducting an evaluation of adaptation actions in all key sectors,integrating climate change impacts into sectoral planning decisions,launching concrete action plans for adaptation,establishing a complete policy framework on adaptation.
查看更多>>摘要：Nearly-zero energy buildings(NZEB)would effectively improve building energy efficiency and promote building electrification.By using a carbon emission model integrated into a bottom-up mid-to-long term energy consumption model,this study analyzes the contribution of NZEB standards to carbon emission targets in the urban area of China by 2060.Three scenarios are set,namely BAU,steady development(S1),and high-speed development(S2).For BAU,the total carbon emissions will reach a peak of 1.94 Gt CO2 by 2040.In S1 scenario,total building carbon emissions will reach the peak of 1.72 Gt CO2 by 2030.In S2 scenario,the carbon emissions will reach a peak by 2025 with 1.64 Gt CO2.Under S1 scenario,which features consistency with NZEB market development and periodic improvement of building energy-efficiency standards,the carbon emission peak in 2030 will be accomplished.To achieve carbon neutrality by 2060,the upgrading of building energy standards to NZEB will contribute 50.1％,while zero-carbon electricity contribution is 49.9％.It is concluded that 2025,2030,and 2035 could be set as mandatory enforcement years for ultra-low energy buildings,NZEB and zero energy building(ZEB),respectively.
查看更多>>摘要：China,like many countries,is under great pressure to reduce climate change and adapt to current situations while simultaneously undertaking economic development and transformation.This study takes advantage of climate opportunities and provides a new concept and mode of urban climate services in order to address climate change.Eighteen indicators based on climate and climate-related variables were used to provide an assessment,in the form of an index,of how livable a city is depending on prevailing climatic conditions.The resulting index can also be used to investigate how recent and future changes in the climatic conditions could affect livability.All Chinese cities and regions share the common goals of promoting low-carbon development,improving resilience against climate change,and integrating economic growth with climate ac-tions.Climate services have been developed in China to provide decision-makers this measure of livability.Such a move facilitates sustainable development alongside economic growth by aiding government efforts in climate adaptation and low-carbon development.Our approach represents multidisciplinary and demand-driven research on adaptation to and the impacts of regional climate change,thereby transforming climate science into a climate service and ensuring that climate information can be provided in a scientific,practical,and customized way for policy-makers.The outputs can be used locally to take concrete climate actions and integrate climate services into decision-making processes.
Nicu Constantin TUDOSERoger CREMADESAnnelies BROEKMANAnabel SANCHEZ-PLAZA...
752-755页
查看更多>>摘要：The current challenges that society faces call for actions fostering climate change adaptation and long-term sustainability grounded in effective policies.Consequently,to raise environmental resilience and sustain human wellbeing,we need to overhaul the policy-making process towards a'holistic approach'.The nexus approach has proven a valuable tool for identifying gaps and incoherencies in current policies,for understanding major interlinkages across sectors and scales,and for promoting the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).Nevertheless,a'silo approach'to decision making currently prevails,thus achieving cross-sectoral and cross-scale harmonization still remains a challenge in policy-making.In response to this challenge,the next step in the science-policy-practice interface is to integrate the nexus approach in the'climate services'arena,in order to support integrated policies.Climate services embody a bridge between researchers and stakeholders,and by sup-porting integrated policies they will ensure synergies between sectors and scales,reduce potential trade-offs,and enable co-benefits.
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据
维普