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石油科学（英文版）
石油科学（英文版）

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北京市学院路20号石油大院15楼317室

石油科学（英文版）/Journal Petroleum ScienceCSCD北大核心SCI
查看更多>>本刊办刊宗旨在于向国外介绍中国石油界最新的学术、科研成果，广泛开展国际间的学术交流，促进中国石油科学技术的发展。主要刊登反映中国石油石油科学技术领域最新、最高水平科研成果的科技论文。其专业内容包括石油勘探与开发、石油储运工程、石油炼制与化工、石油机电工程、油田化工、石油工业经济管理与营销以及与石油工业有关的各个学科。
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    Differences in hydrocarbon accumulation and controlling factors of slope belt in graben basin:A case study of Pinghu Slope Belt in the Xihu sag of the east China Sea Shelf basin(ECSSB)

    Bo YanHong-Qi YuanNing LiWei Zou...
    2901-2926页
    查看更多>>摘要：The Pinghu slope belt in the Xihu sag of the East China Sea Shelf Basin(ECSSB)is a crucial hydrocarbon production area in eastern China.However,due to the complex geological conditions,publications have lacked comprehensive research on the spatial-temporal coupling relationships of primary factors that impact hydrocarbon accumulation in the Pinghu slope belt.Furthermore,the hydrocarbon distribution patterns and the controlling factors across different study areas within the same slope belt are not yet fully understood.This study extensively utilized three-dimensional seismic data,well logging data,geochemical analysis,fluorescence analysis,and oil testing and production data to address these issues.Following a"stratification and differentiation"approach,the study identified seven distinct hydrocarbon migration and accumulation units(HMAU)in the Pinghu slope area based on the structural morphology characteristics,hydrocarbon source-reservoir-cap rock patterns,hydrocarbon migration pathways,and hydrocarbon supply range.Detailed analysis was conducted to examine the hydrocarbon distribution patterns and controlling factors within each migration and accumulation unit across different structural units,including high,medium,and low structural components.All data sources support a"southern-northern sub-area division,eastern-western sub-belt division,and variations in hydrocarbon accumu-lation"pattern in the Pinghu slope belt.The degree of hydrocarbon accumulation is controlled by the factors of structural morphology,hydrocarbon generation potential of source rocks,the spatial position of source slopes,fault sealing capacity,and sand body distribution.Furthermore,different coupling patterns of faults and sand bodies play a pivotal role in governing hydrocarbon enrichment systems across various migration and accumulation units.These observations indicate that three hydrocarbon accumulation patterns have been established within the slope belt,including near-source to far-source gentle slope with multiple hydrocarbon kitchens in the XP1-XP4 zones,near-source to middle-source gentle slope with dual-hydrocarbon kitchens in the XP5 zone,and near-source steep slope with a single hydrocarbon kitchen in the XP6-XP7 zones.These findings contribute to enhancing the theoretical system of hy-drocarbon accumulation in the slope belt.
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    Origin of facies-controlled dolomite and exploration significance of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation in central Sichuan Basin,Western China

    Xiao-Liang BaiLong WenYong-Mei ZhangXi-Hua Zhang...
    2927-2945页
    查看更多>>摘要：The intraplatform shoal dolomite of the Middle Permian Qixia Formation is currently considered the key target of hydrocarbon exploration in the central Sichuan Basin.To systematically investigate the origin of the stratabound facies-controlled porous dolomites of the Qixia Formation,integrated petrography,logging and seismic analysis were carried out in this work.The results are as following:(1)the dolomite reservoir is universal in the central Sichuan Basin,and its distribution is controlled by intraplatform shoals,with multilayer superposition vertically.Thick massive dolostone may also develop along with the fault.(2)Three replaced dolomites and one dolomite cement were identified:very finely to finely crystalline,anhedral to subhedral dolomite(Rd1);finely to medium crystalline,anhedral to subhedral dolomite(Rd2);coarsely crystalline,subhedral to euhedral dolomite(Rd3)and coarsely crystalline saddle dolomite cement(Sd).Rd2 and Rd3 are partly fabric-retentive,and preserve the original bioclastic ghosts.Sd shows wavy extinction,filled in the breccia veins.(3)The U-Pb dating and homogenization temperatures results indicate that the dolomite and Sd cement are associated with hydrothermal event during the Emeishan large igneous province.The δ13C,87Sr/86Sr,and seawater-like REEY patterns suggest that the dolomitization and Sd precipitation fluids originate from connate seawater heated by elevated heat-flow.(4)The ELIP triggered large scale thermal anomalies in the basin during the Dongwu move-ment period.The increased temperature and pressure drove the formation water in the intra-platform shoal facies and overcame the binding effect of Mg2+hydrate.Moreover,the deep hydrothermal fluid preferentially penetrated into the porous strata of shoal facies along the faults and fractures,mixed with formation water to some extent,and extensive dolomitization occurred.The facies-controlled dolomite reservoir and the underlying Cambrian source rock form a good source-reservoir assemblage,which can be a key replacement option.
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    Complementary testing and machine learning techniques for the characterization and prediction of middle Permian tight gas sandstone reservoir quality in the northeastern Ordos Basin,China

    Zi-Yi WangShuang-Fang LuNeng-Wu ZhouYan-Cheng Liu...
    2946-2968页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this study,an integrated approach for diagenetic facies classification,reservoir quality analysis and quantitative wireline log prediction of tight gas sandstones(TGSs)is introduced utilizing a combination of fit-for-purpose complementary testing and machine learning techniques.The integrated approach is specialized for the middle Permian Shihezi Formation TGSs in the northeastern Ordos Basin,where operators often face significant drilling uncertainty and increased exploration risks due to low porosities and micro-Darcy range permeabilities.In this study,detrital compositions and diagenetic minerals and their pore type assemblages were analyzed using optical light microscopy,cathodoluminescence,stan-dard scanning electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction.Different types of diagenetic facies were delineated on this basis to capture the characteristic rock properties of the TGSs in the target formation.A combination of He porosity and permeability measurements,mercury intrusion capillary pressure and nuclear magnetic resonance data was used to analyze the mechanism of heterogeneous TGS reservoirs.We found that the type,size and proportion of pores considerably varied between diagenetic facies due to differences in the initial depositional attributes and subsequent diagenetic alterations;these differ-ences affected the size,distribution and connectivity of the pore network and varied the reservoir quality.Five types of diagenetic facies were classified:(ⅰ)grain-coating facies,which have minimal ductile grains,chlorite coatings that inhibit quartz overgrowths,large intergranular pores that dominate the pore network,the best pore structure and the greatest reservoir quality;(ⅱ)quartz-cemented facies,which exhibit strong quartz overgrowths,intergranular porosity and a pore size decrease,resulting in the deterioration of the pore structure and reservoir quality;(ⅲ)mixed-cemented facies,in which the cementation of various authigenic minerals increases the micropores,resulting in a poor pore structure and reservoir quality;(ⅳ)carbonate-cemented facies and(ⅴ)tightly compacted facies,in which the intergranular pores are filled with carbonate cement and ductile grains;thus,the pore network mainly consists of micropores with small pore throat sizes,and the pore structure and reservoir quality are the worst.The grain-coating facies with the best reservoir properties are more likely to have high gas productivity and are the primary targets for exploration and development.The diagenetic facies were then translated into wireline log expressions(conventional and NMR logging).Finally,a wireline log quantitative prediction model of TGSs using convolutional neural network machine learning algorithms was established to successfully classify the different diagenetic facies.
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    Understanding the hydrocarbon-generation potential on jurassic coal-measure source rocks in the Junggar Basin:From the perspective of hydrogen-rich molecular structure

    Tian-Chen GeXiang-Chun ChangGuan-Long ZhangJun-Jian Zhang...
    2969-2983页
    查看更多>>摘要：The Jurassic coal-measure source rocks in the Junggar Basin have drawn considerable attention in recent years.In our hydrocarbon thermal simulation experiments of these rocks,we found that the dark mudstone evaluated as good source rock,had a much lower hydrocarbon generation capacity than the coal and carbonaceous mudstone,evaluated as poor source rock.Based on this background,we per-formed Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and combined the results of semi-open thermal simulation experiments to explore the association between the molecular structure and hydrocarbon production capacity,with the aim of obtaining a new understanding of hydrocarbon potential of Jurassic coal-measure source rocks from the perspective of molecular structure.The results indicate that coals exhibit lower condensation of aromatic structures and higher relative abundance of aliphatic structures with a higher degree of branched chaining than mudstones and carbonaceous mudstones.Apparent aromaticity(fa),aromatic abundance parameter I,and degree of condensation(DOC)are negatively correlated with organic matter abundance.The aliphatic structural parameter H demonstrates a sub-stantial positive correlation with organic matter abundance.Furthermore,aliphatic relative abundance factor A is associated with the type of organic matter:the better is the type of the organic matter,the larger is the A value.The combination of the molecular structures with the thermal simulation results shows that the aliphatic hydrogen enrichment of selected carbonaceous mudstone is similar to that of coal.However,the relative abundance of the aliphatic group of it is high,and the DOC of the aromatic structure is low,making the hydrocarbon generation base stronger and easier to crack.Thus,the hy-drocarbon generation capacity of carbonaceous mudstone is slightly higher than that of coal.Mudstone has low H and I values,and the DOC is high,indicating that its hydrocarbon base is low,so it has low hydrocarbon generation capacity.Therefore,the molecular structure is closely associated with the hy-drocarbon potential of coal-measure source rocks.When evaluating the qualities of coal-measure source rocks,the influence of molecular structure on these rocks should be considered.
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    Reconstruction of the thermal evolution since the late paleozoic in the Ounan Sag,Eastern Qaidam Basin,NW China:New constraints from vitrinite reflectance data and(U-Th)/He thermochronology

    Chang ZhongHui ShiXiao-Yin TangHao Zhang...
    2984-3000页
    查看更多>>摘要：Reconstructing the thermal evolution of the eastern Qaidam Basin is important for gaining a deeper understanding of its lithospheric geodynamics and for more accurate hydrocarbon evaluation and pre-diction.This article presents a set of new apatite and zircon(U-Th)/He thermochronological ages.Combined with 336 vitrinite reflectance(Ro)data,the thermal history of the Ouanan Sag in the eastern Qaidam Basin has been reconstructed using inversion models.Three detrital samples from the Ounan Sag shows that the apatite(U-Th)/He ages are primarily concentrated in the range of 17.0 Ma to 76.5 Ma and that the zircon(U-Th)/He ages range from 200 Ma to 289.3 Ma.The time-temperature models demonstrate that the Ounan Sag experienced rapid subsidence and heating from the Carboniferous to late Permian,and exhumation/cooling events from the end of Permian to the Triassic.This thermal evolution was influenced by the widespread intrusion of plutons,and the collision and orogenesis caused by asthenosphere upwelling below the Qaidam arc,and slab rollback of the Southern Kunlun oceanic lithosphere,respectively.Additionally,our models depict the main exhumation/cooling stages since the Paleogene and a reheating event in the Miocene as a result of the intensifying growth of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and local sedimentary loading,followed by the initial India-Eurasia collision.Further-more,the eastern Qaidam Basin experienced consistent heating during the late Paleozoic,reaching the maximum paleotemperature and geothermal gradient in the late Permian,with values of-230 ℃ and-43-44 ℃/km,respectively.This study suggests that the source rocks in the most upper member of upper Carboniferous Keluke(C2k)Formations in the Ounan Sag reached the gas generation stage in the late Permian.
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    Characteristics,preservation mechanisms,and significance of aragonite in lacustrine shale:A case study from the Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay Basin

    Zhou-Hai XiongYing-Chang CaoSong XueGuan-Min Wang...
    3001-3015页
    查看更多>>摘要：Aragonite is a metastable mineral,which is easily transformed into calcite,and generally difficult to preserve in the stratum.However,large amounts of aragonites were found in the Paleogene shale of the Jiyang Depression.The characteristics and preservation mechanisms of these aragonites were analyzed through a series of analytical methods,including cathodoluminescence,field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS),micro-area carbon and oxygen isotopes,Sr isotopes,and dissolution simulation experiments under high tem-perature and high pressure.The research results show that:①Aragonite in the Paleogene shale of the Jiyang Depression is related to algal microbial fossils,primarily composed of coccoliths and characterized by two emission peaks at 420 nm and 480 nm in cathodoluminescence;②The primary factor allowing biological aragonite to be preserved is the immaturity of the organic matter and the deficiency of abundant organic acids necessary for its dissolution or transformation,which is confirmed by the evi-dence of organic matter maturity and simulation experiments of organic acid dissolution on aragonite under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.Additional factors that may aid in the preser-vation of aragonite are the ideal sedimentation conditions,the defense of organic coating,and the enclosed environment with tiny pores,low porosity,and low permeability;③These aragonite-rich shales,characterized by coccolithophores,provide a solid evidence for seawater intrusion into terres-trial lake basin,and have a significant implication for the source and storage of shale oil.
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    Selection and application of wavelet transform in high-frequency sequence stratigraphy analysis of coarse-grained sediment in rift basin

    Ling LiZhi-Zhang WangShun-De YinWei-Fang Wang...
    3016-3028页
    查看更多>>摘要：Wavelet transformation is a widely used method in high-frequency sequence stratigraphic analysis.However,the application is problematic since different wavelets always return the same sequence analysis results.To address this issue,we applied five commonly used wavelets to theoretical sequence models to document some application criteria.Five gradual scale-change sequence models were simplified from the glutenite succession deposition by gravity flows to form the fining-upwards cycle sequences(FUCS)and coarsening-upwards cycle sequences(CUCS).After conducting theoretical sequence model tests,the optimal wavelet(sym4)was selected and successfully used with actual data to identify the sequence boundaries.We also proposed a new method to optimize the scale of continuous wavelet transformation(CWT)for sequence boundary determination.We found that the balloon-like marks in scalograms of db4,sym4,and coif4 wavelet determine,respectively,the fourth-order sequence boundary,the thick succession sequence boundaries in FUCS,and the thick succession sequence in FUCS and CUCS.Comparing the sequence identification results shows that the asymmetric wavelets had an advantage in high-frequency sequence boundary determination and sedimentary cycle discrimination through the amplitude trend of the coefficient,in which the sym4 wavelet is the most effective.In conclusion,the asymmetry of wavelets is the first selection principle,of which asymmetric wavelets are more sensitive to sediment deposition by flood flows.The match of the wavelet between the sequence is the second selection principle,in which the correlation of time-frequency impacts the ac-curacy of sequence surface localization.However,the waveform of the wavelet is a visual and abstract parameter for sequence boundary detection.The appropriate wavelet for lacustrine sequence analysis is the asymmetric wavelet with a weak number of side lobes.The depositional flows,depositional process,and autogenic are three sedimentary factors that influence the sequence analysis results.
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    Biological origin and depositional environment of crude oils in the Qiongdongnan Basin:Insights from molecular biomarkers and whole oil carbon isotope

    Zi-Ming ZhangDu-Jie HouXiong ChengDa-Ye Chen...
    3029-3046页
    查看更多>>摘要：Molecular biomarker and whole oil carbon isotope(δ13Coil)analyses were conducted on eleven typical crude oils from the Qiongdongnan Basin to investigate their biological sources and depositional envi-ronments.Saturated hydrocarbon biomarkers in most samples are characterized by angiosperm-derived compounds,with aromatic compounds dominated by the naphthalene,phenanthrene,biphenyl,and fluorene series.The related source rocks of these oils were mainly deposited under oxic condition,but a subanoxic-suboxic and enclosed water column condition in the Central Depression during Oligocene.The identification of simonellite and related compounds in the aromatic fractions provides reliable ev-idence for the input of coniferous gymnosperms.Cadalene may also have a potential association with gymnosperms since it shows a strong positive correlation with simonellite.Evidence from density,n-alkanes,short-chain alkylbenzenes and secondary brine inclusions indicates that the unique crude oil B13-1 may have suffered from thermal alteration.These crude oils(excluding B13-1)can be classified into four types based on the δ13Coil values and molecular biomarkers.Type A oil(solely S34-3)is char-acterized by non-angiosperm plants,with minor dinoflagellates and increasing contribution from conifer gymnosperms than others.Type B oils(L17-2,L18-1,L25-1,and L25-1W)show heavy δ13Coil(-24 ‰to-25 ‰)and mixed contributions from both angiosperms and marine algae,with the marine algae contribution increasing.Type C oils(L13-2 and B21-1)share similar biological sources with Type B,but the moderately δ13Coil(-25‰ to-26‰)and high level of terrestrial biomarkers suggesting a pre-dominant contribution of angiosperms.Type D oils(Y13-1a,Y13-1b,and Y13-4)possess the lightestδ13Coil(mainly below-26‰)and are primarily derived from angiosperms,with mangrove vegetation playing an important role.Spearman correlation analysis among 14 source biomarker parameters withδ13Coil and geological setting of related source rocks implied that the marine algae should be responsible for the heavy δ13Coil in the Type B.The contribution of marine algae in the Central Depression may have been neglected in the past,as it is usually covered by remarkable angiosperm biomarkers.
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    A new type of shale gas reservoir-carbonate-rich shale:From laboratory mechanical characterization to field stimulation strategy

    Zhen-Hui BiLei WangChun-He YangYin-Tong Guo...
    3047-3061页
    查看更多>>摘要：Recently,a new promising type of marine shale gas reservoir,carbonate-rich shale,has been discovered.But the mechanical properties of this type of shale were still unrevealed and the corresponding reservoir stimulation design was lack of guidance.Using the deep downhole cores of an exploratory carbonate-rich shale gas well,the physical and mechanical parameters and failure mechanism of the whole reservoir section were acquired and evaluated systematically,by performing XRD,tri-axial compression,Brazilian splitting,and fracture toughness tests.A new model was established to evaluate the reservoir brittleness based on fracture morphology and stress-strain curve.Recommended strategy for reservoir stimulation was discussed.Results showed that(1)Carbonate-rich shale possessed high compressive strength and high Young's modulus,which were improved by 10.74％and 3.37％compared to that of siliceous shale.It featured high tensile strength and fracture toughness,with insignificant anisotropy.(2)With the content of carbonate minerals increasing,the shear failure morphology transformed from sparse and wide brittle fractures to diffusely distributed and subtle plastic cracks.(3)The brittleness index order was:siliceous shale,clay-rich shale,carbonate-rich shale,and limestone.(4)The special properties of carbonate-rich shale were rooted in the inherent feature of carbonate minerals(high strength,high elastic modulus,and cleavage structure),resulting in greater challenge in reservoirs stimulation.The above findings would promote the understanding of carbonate-rich shale reservoirs and provide reference for the op-timum design of reservoir stimulation.
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    Low-amplitude structure recognition method based on non-subsampled contourlet transform

    Fen LyuXing-Ye LiuLi ChenChao Li...
    3062-3078页
    查看更多>>摘要：Currently,horizontal well fracturing is indispensable for shale gas development.Due to the variable reservoir formation morphology,the drilling trajectory often deviates from the high-quality reservoir,which increases the risk of fracturing.Accurately recognizing low-amplitude structures plays a crucial role in guiding horizontal wells.However,existing methods have low recognition accuracy,and are difficult to meet actual production demand.In order to improve the drilling encounter rate of high-quality reservoirs,we propose a method for fine recognition of low-amplitude structures based on the non-subsampled contourlet transform(NSCT).Firstly,the seismic structural data are analyzed at multiple scales and directions using the NSCT and decomposed into low-frequency and high-frequency structural components.Then,the signal of each component is reconstructed to eliminate the low-frequency background of the structure,highlight the structure and texture information,and recognize the low-amplitude structure from it.Finally,we combined the drilled horizontal wells to verify the low-amplitude structural recognition results.Taking a study area in the west Sichuan Basin block as an example,we demonstrate the fine identification of low-amplitude structures based on NSCT.By combining the variation characteristics of logging curves,such as organic carbon content(TOC),natural gamma value(GR),etc.,the real structure type is verified and determined,and the false structures in the recognition results are checked.The proposed method can provide reliable information on low-amplitude structures for optimizing the trajectory of horizontal wells.Compared with identification methods based on traditional wavelet transform and curvelet transform,NSCT enhances the local fea-tures of low-amplitude structures and achieves finer mapping of low-amplitude structures,showing promise for application.
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