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土壤圈（英文版）
土壤圈（英文版）

周健民

双月刊

1002-0160

eopedos@issas.ac.cn； pedosphere@issas.ac.cn； rmdu@issas.ac.cn eopedo@issas.ac.cn

025-86881235、86881359

210008

南京市北京东路71号中国科学院南京土壤研究所

土壤圈（英文版）/Journal An International Journal PedosphereCSCDCSTPCD北大核心SCI
查看更多>>《PEDOSPHERE》（土壤圈）是中国出版的土壤学科唯一外文版国际性学术期刊，也是我国土壤学领域唯一的SCI源刊。 主要刊登土壤学领域国内外未曾公开发表的具有坚实科学理论和实验基础与创新的最新高水平科研成果，内容包括土壤化学、土壤物理学、土壤生物与生物化学、土壤肥力与植物营养、土壤环境与生态学、土壤微生物学、土壤地理、水土保持、土壤信息与遥感技术、土壤质量与土壤修复等与生物圈、岩石圈、水圈和大气圈密切关联的土壤科学理论、实验技术及应用的学术研究论文、专题综述、研究简报、书评等。旨在及时传播国内外土壤科学最新成果，促进国际学术交流与合作，推动中国和世界土壤科学事业的发展。
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    Effects and fate of metal-based engineered nanomaterials in soil ecosystem:A review

    Qibin WANGPeng ZHANGWeichen ZHAOShakoor NOMAN...
    843-852页
    查看更多>>摘要：Metal-based engineered nanomaterials(MENMs)are increasingly being used in people's working lives.Although MENMs have important effects on soil ecosystem and play an important role in solving soil environmental problems,the hazards associated with MENMs cannot be ignored.Therefore,more and more scholars have studied the behavior and effects of nanomaterials in soils in recent years.In this review,we explore the articles on MENMs and soil ecosystem retrieved from various databases from 2013 to 2022.We discuss the mechanisms of MENM toxicity,the current state of soil ecosystem,the ecological effects of MENMs on soil microbes,earthworms,and plants,and the ways by which soil organisms take up MENMs.We now know that although MENMs have positive effects on soil ecosystem,their potential hazards are not negligible.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate the effects of MENMs on soil organisms.Meanwhile,we should pay more attention to the negative effects of MENMs on soil ecosystem while exploring their positive effects on soil ecosystem in future research.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Positive effect of carbohydrate-metabolizing bacteria determines increasing soil organic carbon during long-term fertilization and straw returning in the black soil region of China

    Yingxin LIYu SUNEiko E.KURAMAEShaoqing ZHANG...
    853-864页
    查看更多>>摘要：In the context of global efforts to reduce carbon(C)emissions,several studies have examined the effects of agricultural practices such as straw returning and fertilization on C sequestration by microorganisms.However,our understanding of the specific microbial groups and their roles in long-term C increase remains limited.In this study,a 36-year(1984-2020)farmland experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of bacterial C metabolism on the augmentation of organic C in a Typic Hapludoll(Mollisol)in the black soil region of Jilin Province,Northeast China.Our results demonstrated a noteworthy increase in the diversity of microorganisms in the farmland as a result of long-term straw returning and application of mixed chemical fertilizers.However,by examining the functions of microorganisms involved in C metabolism,it was observed that the effects of fertilization on C metabolism were relatively consistent.This consistency was attributed to a deterministic competitive exclusion process,which minimized the differences between treatment groups.On the other hand,the influence of straw addition on C metabolism appeared to follow a more random pattern.These changes in microbial activity were closely linked to the downregulation of core metabolic pathways related to C metabolism.Notably,long-term fertilization had a negative impact on soil organic C levels,while long-term straw returning plus fertilization resulted in a positive increase in soil organic C.These findings have important implications for enhancing soil organic C and grain yield in the regions with typical black soil.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Wildfire severity alters soil microbial exoenzyme production and fungal abundances in the southern Appalachian Mountains

    Megan L.SCHILLRichard BAIRDShawn P.BROWNAllison M.VEACH...
    865-878页
    查看更多>>摘要：Climate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temperatures globally.This effect has,and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North America.In the southern Appalachian Mountains,wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016 due to increased drought and human activity.To investigate the effects of bum severity on soil physicochemical properties,microbial extracellular enzyme production,and microbial abundances in a temperate region,surface soils(0-15 cm)were collected from two sites(the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina,USA)spanning lightly,moderately,and severely burned areas,accompanied by adjacent unburned locations that act as controls.The soil samples were collected at three time points between 2017 and 2019(i.e.,0.5,1,and 2.5 years post-fire)among burn severity plots.Total hydrolytic enzyme production varied over time,with severe burn plots having significantly lower enzyme production at 2.5 years post-fire.Individual enzymes varied among burn severities and across time post-fire.Light burn plots showed greater carbon-specific(β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase)and phosphorus-specific(acid phosphatase)enzyme activities at 0.5 years post-fire,but this effect was transient.At 2.5 years post-fire,theβ-xylosidase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in severe or moderate burn plots relative to the controls.In contrast,the activity of nitrogen-specific enzyme leucyl aminopeptidase was the lowest in severe burn plots at 0.5 years post-fire,but was the lowest in light burn plots at 2.5 years post-fire.The fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity,indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during recovery.These results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil microbial structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe,which potentially has long-term impacts on biogeochemical cycling.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Exploring the characteristics of microbial community and enzyme activity in the aged refuse landfill environment of Taiyuan,China

    Fen HOUJunjie DUYuzhou MENGXihui WU...
    879-891页
    查看更多>>摘要：Municipal solid waste landfill is the main disposal option for domestic garbage,in which microbial activities play an important role.However,despite the widespread practice of landfilling,the metagenomic microbial profiles of landfill sites remain poorly characterized.In this study,we used a combination of physicochemical analysis,ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry,and high-throughput Illumina shotgun sequencing to systematically investigate the changes in soil enzyme activities,microbial community structure,and functional attributes in aged refuse collected from the Xingou Municipal Solid Waste Landfill in Taiyuan,China,with ordinary topsoil from an area within 5 km of the landfill as control soil.Except for neutral phosphatase(P=0.065),the activities of urease,laccase,dehydrogenase,sucrase,neutral protease,and β-glucosidase were all significantly reduced(P＜0.05)in the aged refuse compared with the control soil.Contrastingly,catalase activity was found to be significantly elevated in the aged refuse.Compared with the control soil,aged refuse was characterized by higher richness and diversity of microbial communities,as reflected by the higher values of community richness estimators(Chao 1 and ACE)and diversity indices(Shannon and Simpson).In total,186 phyla,4 354 genera,and 34 459 species were identified,with 132 phyla,1 914 genera,and 7 369 species showing significantly different abundances between the aged refuse and the control soil.Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria were identified as the dominant phyla in the control soil,whereas Proteobacteria,Euryarchaeota(archaea),and Firmicutes were found to predominate in the aged refuse.Notably,Euryarchaeota and Methanoculleus were the major taxa detected in the aged refuse,but were almost completely absent in the control soil.Xenobiotic biodegradation and bacterial chemotaxis were the main functions of the microflora in the aged refuse,whereas the carbohydrate,amino acid,energy,and lipid metabolism pathways were significantly enriched in the control soil.Moreover,the aged refuse contained a high abundance of genes involved in quorum sensing.Our findings in this study revealed close associations between enzyme activities and variations in the microbial community structure and genes that were actively involved in biodegradation activities at landfill sites.It was found that the landfill environment was characterized by a more complex spectrum of microbial activities than expected.Further investigations are needed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the microbial community structure and functional attributes as well as their potential influencing factors in the landfill environment.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Structure,variation and assembly processes of bacterial communities in different root-associated niches of tomato under periodic drought and nitrogen addition

    Dan HERuifeng GAOHonghong DONGXiaodi LIU...
    892-904页
    查看更多>>摘要：Root-associated bacteria play a vital role in the growth and adaptation of host plants to drought stress.These bacteria can be classified as rhizoplane and rhizosphere bacteria based on their distance from the root surface.Tomato plants are often exposed to periodic drought and nitrogen(N)addition throughout their life cycle,but the impacts of these factors on the plant and root-associated bacteria are not well understood.To gain insight into this relationship,we conducted an experiment to monitor the effects of periodic drought and N addition on rhizoplane and rhizosphere bacteria of tomato plants.Drought and N addition had interactive effects on plant and soil properties,which varied with the timing of drought.There were clear divergences in community traits such as alpha diversity,beta diversity,and network topological features between the two types of bacteria.The rhizoplane bacteria showed lower alpha diversity but higher beta diversity and were more sensitive to drought and N addition than the rhizosphere bacteria.Nitrogen addition could downsize the effects of drought on rhizoplane bacterial community compositions.The higher proximity to the root might induce a community to develop more cooperation between different members to cope with plant metabolites,as revealed by the more connected and modularized community network of the rhizoplane bacteria.Drought at the seedling stage had great legacy effects on plant and soil properties.It may enhance selection,cause the dominance of deterministic processes in the assembly of rhizoplane bacteria,and reduce bacterial community network complexity.In conclusion,N addition could interact with drought in affecting tomato plants and their root-associated bacteria,depending on the timing of drought and the fineness of root niches.The higher sensitivity of rhizoplane bacteria to drought and N addition calls for more research due to their higher proximity and importance to plants in future environmental changes.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Decreased soil pH weakens the positive rhizosphere effect on denitrification capacity

    Jun WANGZongxiang ZHANGFei LIANGZhao CHE...
    905-915页
    查看更多>>摘要：The stimulating effect of rhizosphere on denitrification is considered to be an unavoidable loss of soil nitrogen(N)and detrimental to crop N use efficiency,which is regulated by crop growth and soil properties.Soil acidification,occurring rapidly in many intensive farming lands,affects both crop growth and soil properties,thereby altering rhizosphere effect on denitrification.However,the mechanism by which soil acidification regulates rhizosphere denitrification still remains unclear.Here,we determined the denitrification capacity(DC)and associated community compositions of nirK-and nirS-type denitrifiers in maize rhizosphere and bulk soils at four acidity gradients(pH=6.8,6.1,5.2,and 4.2).Results showed that the stimulating effect of rhizosphere on DC strongly depended on soil pH.Compared to bulk soil,rhizosphere soil had significantly higher DC at pH ≥ 5.2,but not at pH of 4.2.With increasing soil acidity,the stimulation of rhizosphere on DC(calculated as the difference in DC between rhizosphere and bulk soils)decreased from 8.01 to 0.01 mg N kg-1 d-1.Moreover,soil acidification significantly reduced the differences in dissolved organic carbon(DOC)and abundance of key nirK-type denitrifier taxa between rhizosphere and bulk soils,both of which were positively related to the stimulation of rhizosphere on DC.These findings demonstrated that soil acidification could weaken the positive rhizosphere effect on denitrification via regulated C availability and associated nirK-type denitrifier community,potentially reducing N loss risk in rhizosphere soil.The independent role of soil pH should be fully considered when modelling N behaviour in plant-soil systems.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Effect of coordination structure of aluminum on its activation from minerals and Oxisols during their acidification

    Kewei LIYangxiaoxiao SHIJackson Nkoh NKOHJun JIANG...
    916-928页
    查看更多>>摘要：The types and contents of phyllosilicate minerals in soils play an important role in soil acidification,as soil acid buffering capacity varies with the composition of the phyllosilicate minerals.In addition to aluminum-oxygen(Al-O)octahedrons,a certain number of Al-O tetrahedrons exist in phyllosilicate minerals due to the isomorphic substitution of silicon ion(Si4+)by aluminum ion(Al3+)in Si-O tetrahedrons of minerals.However,the effect of the two coordination structures of Al on the release of Al during mineral acidification has not yet been investigated.Therefore,the differences in Al activation in phyllosilicate minerals and soils with different Al coordination structures were investigated through constant-pH experiments and 27Al magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance(MAS-NMR)measurements.The results of 27AlMAS-NMR spectra showed that kaolinite contained Al-O octahedrons,phlogopite and illite contained Al-O tetrahedrons,and vermiculite composite contained both octahedral and tetrahedral Al.At pH＜5.1,the content of Al released from minerals during simulated acidification followed the order:illite＞vermiculite composite＞phlogopite＞kaolinite,which was consistent with the orders of cation exchange capacity and content of tetrahedral Al of the minerals.According to the rate constants,the Al release rates were in the order of phlogopite＞illite＞vermiculite composite＞kaolinite at pH 4.8.Except for phlogopite,the Al release rates in these minerals increased with decreasing suspension pH.Therefore,the Al release contents and rates were greater in phlogopite,illite,and vermiculite composite containing Al-O tetrahedrons than in kaolinite containing only Al-O octahedrons.Two Oxisols derived from basalt with different ages were selected for similar studies.The 27Al MAS-NMR spectra of the Oxisols showed that the 0.01-million-year(Ma)Oxisol contained both octahedral and tetrahedral Al,while the 1.33-Ma Oxisol contained only Al-O octahedrons.The contents of both exchangeable and soluble Al released from the 0.01-Ma Oxisol were greater than those from the 1.33-Ma Oxisol when the two soils were acidified to the same pH.The results from minerals and soils confirmed that Al was more readily released into solution and exchangeable sites as soluble and exchangeable Al in Al-O tetrahedrons than in Al-O octahedrons during the acidification of soils and minerals.The findings of this study will provide useful references for investigating the mechanisms of solid phase Al release and for mitigating soil acidification and inhibiting Al activation in different soil types.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Biochar regulates biogeochemical cycling of iron and chromium in a soil-rice system by stimulating Geobacter and Clostridium

    Min XUYang LINJing MALulu LONG...
    929-940页
    查看更多>>摘要：In soil-rice systems,microbial reduction of iron(Fe)has been recognized as a crucial biogeochemical process that regulates Fe and chromium(Cr)translocation;however,the underlying processes are unknown.To investigate the impacts of biochar on the biochemical cycling of Fe and Cr and their toxicity to rice,maize straw biochar was applied at 1％(weight/weight)to a paddy soil spiked with 300 mg kg-1 Cr under two phosphorus(P)levels(0 or 90 mg kg-1)in a pot experiment.The key microbial groups affecting Fe dissimilatory reduction and their environmental drivers were explored.Biochar inhibited root Cr uptake by 36％,owing to the promoted iron plaque(IP)formation on the rice root surface.Correlation analysis showed that Fe concentration in pore water was strongly linked to the abundances of Geobacter(r=0.81-0.94,P＜0.05)and Clostridium(r=0.83-0.95,P＜0.05),indicating that Geobacter and Clostridium played essential roles in Fe reduction.Redundancy analysis showed that labile carbon and pore water P concentrations were the key determinants influencing Fe-reducing bacterial abundances,accounting for 42％and 32％of the variation in community composition,respectively.Besides,biochar increased Fe and P concentrations in root cell walls,which retained more Cr.Overall,Cr stress in rice under biochar treatment was relieved through increasing IP formation and altering subcellular distribution.These mechanistic insights had important implications for reducing Cr uptake by rice.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Organic-inorganic fertilization promotes paddy soil macroaggregate organic carbon accumulation associated with key bacterial populations in subtropical China

    Jinhua ZHAOLin CHENGuixiang ZHOUFang LI...
    941-950页
    查看更多>>摘要：Macroaggregate organic carbon(Macro-OC)accumulation in paddy soils is of great significance in promoting multiple agroecosystem services.However,the effects of different fertilization practices on Macro-OC accumulation in paddy soils at the regional scale have not been comprehensively investigated.Here,we conducted long-term fertilization field experiments at four sites,Taoyuan,Wangcheng,Jinxian,and Suzhou,in the subtropical area of China to reveal the effects of inorganic and organic-inorganic(OIF)fertilization on Macro-OC accumulation and its relationships with important microbial traits(the abundance ratio of GH48:cbhl genes and the richness of keystone bacterial taxa)in paddy soils.The results showed that long-term fertilization(particularly OIF)significantly increased the content of Macro-OC,which mainly consisted of particulate organic carbon(C).Organic-inorganic fertilization decreased the percentage of O-alkyl C but increased the percentages of alkyl,aromatic,and phenolic C.Organic-inorganic fertilization promoted the abundance of the bacterial cellulose-degrading gene GH48 retrieved from macroaggregates.The orders Anaerolineales,Bacillales,and Clostridiales were identified as keystone bacterial taxa in macroaggregates and were significantly correlated with the physical fraction and chemical structure of Macro-OC.Structural equation modeling revealed that fertilization-induced changes in soil pH and C:N ratio affected the richness of Anaerolineales,Bacillales,and Clostridiales,which was strongly associated with the increase of percentages of aromatic and phenolic C and further facilitated Macro-OC accumulation.Together,these results suggested that OIF promoted Macro-OC accumulation associated with key bacterial populations in paddy soils.The results provide an important basis for boosting soil C accrual in the subtropical rice-growing areas.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据

    Effects of biochar produced from distiller grains on agronomic performances of sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.)and greenhouse gas emissions from soil

    Hongjun YANGSuyi ZHANGJingyu HUJianguo HUANG...
    951-959页
    查看更多>>摘要：Aromatic liquor breweries produce massive distiller grains containing a high percentage of rice husks that necessitate harmless treatment and resource utilization.These husk-rich distiller grains can be pyrolyzed in the Ni-based catalyst system at a relatively low temperature(480 ℃)into combustible gas,which is used in liquor distillation,and biochar(BDG)with high mineral nutrients and good surface properties.A 3-year field experiment(2018-2020)was established to understand the effects of BDG on sorghum agronomic performances and greenhouse gas emissions from the soil.The results showed that BDG had higher mineral nutrient(N,P,K,and S)contents,larger cation exchange capacity,and better surface structure than those prepared using the traditional method at 400 and 600 ℃.Compared with sole chemical fertilizer(CF),the combination of CF and BDG(CF+BDG)increased sorghum nutrient(N,P,and K)uptake,yield,fertilizer use efficiency,and economic benefit.Cumulative CO2 emission from the soil changed little between with and without BDG,indicating the microbial stability of BDG.The effective adsorption of NH3 or NH4+by BDG upon N application may reduce N loss through NH3 and N2O emissions and increase the efficiency of fertilizer N use.Cumulative CH4 emission ranged from 32.45 to 44.86 g ha-1,which could be overlooked as a greenhouse gas in the sorghum field.Moreover,CF+BDG significantly decreased NH3 and N2O emissions for the production of each unit of sorghum grains and the CO2 emission from the land for the production of a certain amount of sorghum grains.Therefore,CF+BDG exhibited better agronomic and environmental performances in sorghum cultivation.
      原文链接:
    • NETL
    • NSTL
    • 万方数据