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岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版）
岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版）

钱七虎

季刊

1674-7755

rockgeotech@whrsm.ac.cn

027-87198182

430071

湖北省武汉市武昌区水果湖街小洪山2号

岩石力学与岩土工程学报（英文版）/Journal Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical EngineeringCSCDCSTPCD北大核心SCI
查看更多>>反映世界范围内，特别是中国岩石力学与工程的新成就、新理论、新方法、新经验、新动向，促进国内外学术交流，特别欢迎国家重大项目、国家自然科学基金项目及其他重要项目的研究成果，倡导和鼓励有实践经验的作者撰稿，并优先刊用这些稿件，本刊也发表少数侧重于工程应用的土力学方面的文章。为尽快交流最新的学术信息，本刊还发表短文和讨论文章、近期博士学位论文摘要、会议简讯、新书简介与相关的学术动态等；提倡撰写简短的讨论文章，活跃期刊学术氛围。
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    Determination of uncertainties of geomechanical parameters of metamorphic rocks using petrographic analyses

    Behzad DastjerdyAli SaeidiShahriyar Heidarzadeh
    345-364页
    查看更多>>摘要：Geomechanical parameters of intact metamorphic rocks determined from laboratory testing remain highly uncertain because of the great intrinsic variability associated with the degrees of metamorphism.The aim of this paper is to develop a proper methodology to analyze the uncertainties of geomechanical characteristics by focusing on three domains,i.e.data treatment process,schistosity angle,and miner-alogy.First,the variabilities of the geomechanical laboratory data of Westwood Mine(Quebec,Canada)were examined statistically by applying different data treatment techniques,through which the most suitable outlier methods were selected for each parameter using multiple decision-making criteria and engineering judgment.Results indicated that some methods exhibited better performance in identifying the possible outliers,although several others were unsuccessful because of their limitation in large sample size.The well-known boxplot method might not be the best outlier method for most geo-mechanical parameters because its calculated confidence range was not acceptable according to engi-neering judgment.However,several approaches,including adjusted boxplot,2MADe,and 2SD,worked very well in the detection of true outliers.Also,the statistical tests indicate that the best-fitting prob-ability distribution function for geomechanical intact parameters might not be the normal distribution,unlike what is assumed in most geomechanical studies.Moreover,the negative effects of schistosity angle on the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)variabilities were reduced by excluding the samples within a specific angle range where the UCS data present the highest variation.Finally,a petrographic analysis was conducted to assess the associated uncertainties such that a logical link was found between the dispersion and the variabilities of hard and soft minerals.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Evaluation of excavation damaged zones(EDZs)in Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory(URL)

    Koji HataSumio NiunoyaKazuhei AoyagiNobukatsu Miyara...
    365-378页
    查看更多>>摘要：Excavation of underground caverns,such as mountain tunnels and energy-storage caverns,may cause the damages to the surrounding rock as a result of the stress redistribution.In this influenced zone,new cracks and discontinuities are created or propagate in the rock mass.Therefore,it is effective to measure and evaluate the acoustic emission(AE)events generated by the rocks,which is a small elastic vibration,and permeability change.The authors have developed a long-term measurement device that in-corporates an optical AE(O-AE)sensor,an optical pore pressure sensor,and an optical temperature sensor in a single multi-optical measurement probe(MOP).Japan Atomic Energy Agency has been conducting R&D activities to enhance the reliability of high-level radioactive waste(HLW)deep geological disposal technology.In a high-level radioactive disposal project,one of the challenges is the development of methods for long-term monitoring of rock mass behavior.Therefore,in January 2014,the long-term measurements of the hydro-mechanical behavior of the rock mass were launched using the developed MOP in the vicinity of 350 m below the surface at the Horonobe Underground Research Center.The measurement results show that AEs occur frequently up to 1.5 m from the wall during excavation.In addition,hydraulic conductivity increased by 2-4 orders of magnitude.Elastoplastic analysis revealed that the hydraulic behavior of the rock mass affected the pore pressure fluctuations and caused micro-fractures.Based on this,a conceptual model is developed to represent the excavation damaged zone(EDZ),which contributes to the safe geological disposal of radioactive waste.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    On the calibration of a shear stress criterion for rock joints to represent the full stress-strain profile

    Akram DeiminiatJonathan D.AubertinYannic Ethier
    379-392页
    查看更多>>摘要：Conventional numerical solutions developed to describe the geomechanical behavior of rock interfaces subjected to differential load emphasize peak and residual shear strengths.The detailed analysis of pre-and post-peak shear stress-displacement behavior is central to various time-dependent and dynamic rock mechanic problems such as rockbursts and structural instabilities in highly stressed conditions.The complete stress-displacement surface(CSDS)model was developed to describe analytically the pre-and post-peak behavior of rock interfaces under differential loads.Original formulations of the CSDS model required extensive curve-fitting iterations which limited its practical applicability and transparent integration into engineering tools.The present work proposes modifications to the CSDS model aimed at developing a comprehensive and modern calibration protocol to describe the complete shear stress-displacement behavior of rock interfaces under differential loads.The proposed update to the CSDS model incorporates the concept of mobilized shear strength to enhance the post-peak formulations.Barton's concepts of joint roughness coefficient(JRC)and joint compressive strength(JCS)are incorpo-rated to facilitate empirical estimations for peak shear stress and normal closure relations.Triaxial/uniaxial compression test and direct shear test results are used to validate the updated model and exemplify the proposed calibration method.The results illustrate that the revised model successfully predicts the post-peak and complete axial stress-strain and shear stress-displacement curves for rock joints.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Effect of dynamic loading orientation on fracture properties of surrounding rocks in twin tunnels

    Ze DengZheming ZhuLei ZhouLeijun Ma...
    393-409页
    查看更多>>摘要：For expedited transportation,vehicular tunnels are often designed as two adjacent tunnels,which frequently experience dynamic stress waves from various orientations during blasting excavation.To analyze the impact of dynamic loading orientation on the stability of the twin-tunnel,a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)apparatus was used to conduct a dynamic test on the twin-tunnel specimens.The two tunnels were rotated around the specimen's center to consider the effect of dynamic loading orientation.LS-DYNA software was used for numerical simulation to reveal the failure properties and stress wave propagation law of the twin-tunnel specimens.The findings indicate that,for a twin-tunnel exposed to a dynamic load from different orientations,the crack initiation position appears most often at the tunnel corner,tunnel spandrel,and tunnel floor.As the impact direction is created by a certain angle(30°,45°,60°,120°,135°,and 150°),the fractures are produced in the middle of the line between the left tunnel corner and the right tunnel spandrel.As the impact loading angle(α)is 90°,the tunnel sustains minimal damage,and only tensile fractures form in the surrounding rocks.The orientation of the impact load could change the stress distribution in the twin-tunnel,and major fractures are more likely to form in areas where the tensile stress is concentrated.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Experimental study on the influences of cutter geometry and material on scraper wear during shield TBM tunnelling in abrasive sandy ground

    Shaohui TangXiaoping ZhangQuansheng LiuQi Zhang...
    410-425页
    查看更多>>摘要：When shield TBM tunnelling in abrasive sandy ground,the rational design of cutter parameters is critical to reduce tool wear and improve tunnelling efficiency.However,the influence mechanism of cutter parameters on scraper wear remains unclear due to the lack of a reliable test method.Geometry and material optimisation are often based on subjective experience,which is unfavourable for improving scraper geological adaptability.In the present study,the newly developed WHU-SAT soil abrasion test was used to evaluate the variation in scraper wear with cutter geometry,material and hardness.The influence mechanism of cutter parameters on scraper wear has been revealed according to the scratch characteristics of the scraper surface.Cutter geometry and material parameters have been optimised to reduce scraper wear.The results indicate that the variation in scraper wear with cutter geometry is related to the cutting resistance,frictional resistance and stress distribution.An appropriate increase in the front angle(or back angle)reduces the cutting resistance(or frictional resistance),while an excessive increase in the front angle(or back angle)reduces the edge angle and causes stress concentration.The optimal front angle,back angle and edge angle for quartz sand samples are α=25°,β=10° and γ=55°,respectively.The wear resistance of the modelled scrapers made of different metal materials is related to the chemical elements and microstructure.The wear resistances of the modelled scrapers made of 45#,06Cr19Ni10,42CrMo4 and 40CrNiMoA are 0.569,0.661,0.691 and 0.728 times those made of WC-Co,respectively.When the alloy hardness is less than 47 HRC(or greater than 58 HRC),scraper wear de-creases slowly with increasing alloy hardness as the scratch depth of the particle asperity on the metal surface stabilizes at a high(or low)level.However,when the alloy hardness is between 47 HRC and 58 HRC,scraper wear decreases rapidly with increasing alloy hardness as the scratch depth transitions from high to low levels.The sensitive hardness interval and recommended hardness interval for quartz sand are[47,58]and[58,62],respectively.The present study provides a reference for optimising scraper parameters and improving cutterhead adaptability in abrasive sandy ground tunnelling.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Effect of fracture fluid flowback on shale microfractures using CT scanning

    Jiale HeZhihong ZhaoYiran GengYuping Chen...
    426-436页
    查看更多>>摘要：The field data of shale fracturing demonstrate that the flowback performance of fracturing fluid is different from that of conventional reservoirs,where the flowback rate of shale fracturing fluid is lower than that of conventional reservoirs.At the early stage of flowback,there is no single-phase flow of the liquid phase in shale,but rather a gas-water two-phase flow,such that the single-phase flow model for tight oil and gas reservoirs is not applicable.In this study,pores and microfractures are extracted based on the experimental results of computed tomography(CT)scanning,and a spatial model of micro-fractures is established.Then,the influence of rough microfracture surfaces on the flow is corrected using the modified cubic law,which was modified by introducing the average deviation of the microfracture height as a roughness factor to consider the influence of microfracture surface roughness.The flow in the fracture network is simulated using the modified cubic law and the lattice Boltzmann method(LBM).The results obtained demonstrate that most of the fracturing fluid is retained in the shale microfractures,which explains the low fracturing fluid flowback rate in shale hydraulic fracturing.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Mechanical behaviour of fiber-reinforced grout in rock bolt reinforcement

    Yingchun LiAmmar AhmedDanqi Li
    437-453页
    查看更多>>摘要：Grouted rock bolts subject to axial loading in the field exhibit various failure modes,among which the most predominant one is the bolt-grout interface failure.Thus,mechanical characterization of the grout is essential for understanding its performance in ground support.To date,few studies have been con-ducted to characterize the mechanical behaviour of fiber-reinforced grout(FRG)in rock bolt reinforce-ment.Here we experimentally studied the mechanical behaviour of FRG under uniaxial compression,indirect tension,and direct shear loading conditions.We also conducted a series of pullout tests of rebar bolt encapsulated with different grouts including conventional cementitious grout and FRG.FRG was developed using 15％silica fume(SF)replacement of cement(by weight)and steel fiber to achieve high-strength and crack-resistance to overcome drawbacks of the conventional grout.Two types of steel fibers including straight and wavy steel fibers were further added to enhance the grout quality.The effect of fiber shape and fiber volume proportion on the grout mechanical properties were examined.Our experimental results showed that the addition of SF and steel fiber by 1.5％fiber volume proportion could lead to the highest compressive,tensile,and shear strengths of the grout.The minimum volume of fiber that could improve the mechanical properties of grout was found at 0.5％.The scanning electron mi-croscopy(SEM)analysis demonstrated that steel fibers act as an excellent bridge to prevent the cracks from propagating at the interfacial region and hence to aid in maintaining the integrity of the cemen-titious grout.Our laboratory pullout tests further confirmed that FRG could prevent the cylindrical grout annulus from radial crack and hence improve the rebar's load carrying capacity.Therefore,FRG has a potential to be utilized in civil and mining applications where high-strength and crack-resistance support is required.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Estimating shear strength of high-level pillars supported with cemented backfilling using the Hoek-Brown strength criterion

    Kaizong XiaCongxin ChenXiumin LiuYue Wang...
    454-469页
    查看更多>>摘要：Deep metal mines are often mined using the high-level pillars with subsequent cementation backfilling(HLSCB)mining method.At the design stage,it is therefore important to have a reasonable method for determining the shear strength of the high-level pillars(i.e.cohesion and internal friction angle)when they are supported by cemented backfilling.In this study,a formula was derived for the upper limit of the confining pressure σ3max on a high-level pillar supported by cemented backfilling in a deep metal mine.A new method of estimating the shear strength of such pillars was then proposed based on the Hoek-Brown failure criterion.Our analysis indicates that the horizontal stress σhh acting on the cemented backfill pillar can be simplified by expressing it as a constant value.A reasonable and effective value forσ3max can then be determined.The value of σ3max predicted using the proposed method is generally less than 3 MPa.Within this range,the shear strength of the high-level pillar is accurately calculated using the equivalent Mohr-Coulomb theory.The proposed method can effectively avoid the calculation of inaccurate shear strength values for the high-level pillars when the original Hoek-Brown criterion is used in the presence of large confining pressures,i.e.the situation in which the cohesion value is too large and the friction angle is too small can effectively be avoided.The proposed method is applied to a deep metal mine in China that is being excavated using the HLSCB method.The shear strength pa-rameters of the high-level pillars obtained using the proposed method were input in the numerical simulations.The numerical results show that the recommended level heights and sizes of the high-level pillars and rooms in the mine are rational.
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    Analysis of pressure response at an observation well against pressure build-up by early stage of CO2 geological storage project

    Qiang SunKyuro SasakiQinxi DongZhenni Ye...
    470-482页
    查看更多>>摘要：To ensure a safe and stable CO2 storage,pressure responses at an observation well are expected to be an important and useful field monitoring item to estimate the CO2 storage behaviors and the aquifer pa-rameters during and after injecting CO2,because it can detect whether the injected CO2 leaks to the ground surface or the bottom of the sea.In this study,pressure responses were simulated to present design factors such as well location and pressure transmitter of the observation well.Numerical simu-lations on the pressure response and the time-delay from pressure build-up after CO2 injection were conducted by considering aquifer parameters and distance from the CO2 injection well to an observation well.The measurement resolution of a pressure transmitter installed in the observation well was pre-sented based on numerical simulation results of the pressure response against pressure build-up at the injection well and CO2 plume front propagations.Furthermore,the pressure response at an observation well was estimated by comparing the numerical simulation results with the curve of CO2 saturation and relative permeability.It was also suggested that the analytical solution can be used for the analysis of the pressure response tendency using pressure build-up and dimensionless parameters of hydraulic diffu-sivity.Thus,a criterion was established for selecting a pressure transducer installed at an observation well to monitor the pressure responses with sufficient accuracy and resolution,considering the distance from the injection well and the pressure build-up at the injection well,for future carbon capture and storage(CCS)projects.
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    Wetting front migration model of ion-adsorption rare earth during the multi-hole unsaturated liquid injection

    Yu WangXiaojun WangYuchen QiuHao Wang...
    483-496页
    查看更多>>摘要：In the process of ion-adsorption rare earth ore leaching,the migration characteristics of the wetting front in multi-hole injection holes and the influence of wetting front intersection effect on the migration distance of wetting fronts are still unclear.Besides,wetting front migration distance and leaching time are usually required to optimize the leaching process.In this study,wetting front migration tests of ion-adsorption rare earth ores during the multi-hole fluid injection(the spacing between injection holes was 10 cm,12 cm and 14 cm)and single-hole fluid injection were completed under the constant water head height.At the pre-intersection stage,the wetting front migration laws of ion-adsorption rare earth ores during the multi-hole fluid injection and single-hole fluid injection were identical.At the post-intersection stage,the intersection accelerated the wetting front migration.By using the Darcy's law,the intersection effect of wetting fronts during the multi-hole liquid injection was transformed into the water head height directly above the intersection.Finally,based on the Green-Ampt model,a wetting front migration model of ion-adsorption rare earth ores during the multi-hole unsaturated liquid in-jection was established.Error analysis results showed that the proposed model can accurately simulate the infiltration process under experimental conditions.The research results enrich the infiltration law and theory of ion-adsorption rare earth ores during the multi-hole liquid injection,and this study provides a scientific basis for optimizing the liquid injection well pattern parameters of ion-adsorption rare earth in situ leaching in the future.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普