查看更多>>摘要：Despite increased attention given to potential modifiers of temperature-mortality associations,evidence for variations between different urban landscape characteristics remains limited.It is in this context that in this paper effect modifications of multiple urban landscape characteristics are explored under different heatwave definitions for different age groups and gender in Hong Kong,China.Daily meteorological data and heatwave-related mortality counts from 2008 to 2017 were collected from the Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department,China.A case-only design was adopted,combined with logistic regression models to examine the modification effects of five urban landscape characteristics under six heatwave definitions.Stratified analyses were conducted to investigate age-and gender-specific effect modifications.It is found that individuals living in greener areas experienced lower levels of mortality during or immediately after heatwaves.In contrast,a higher building density and nighttime land surface temperature(LST)were associated with a higher heatwave-related mortality risk.Pronounced effect modifications of these urban landscape characteristics were observed under hotter and longer heatwaves,and in older adults(age ≥ 65 years)and males.The findings provide a scientific basis for policymakers and practitioners when considering measures for coping with hotter,longer,and more frequent heatwaves in the context of global climate change.
查看更多>>摘要：Under the dual-carbon target,CO2 mineralization through solid wastes presents a mutually beneficial approach for permanent carbon emission reduction at a low material cost,while also enabling the resource utilization of these wastes.However,despite its potential,a comprehensive understanding about the effect of industrial solid waste properties and operating parameters on the carbonation process,and the mechanism of direct aqueous carbonation is still lacking.A series of experiments were conducted to compare the carbonation performance of fly ash,steel slag,and carbide slag.Subsequently,CO2 mineralization by carbide slag was systematically studied under various operating parameters due to its high CO2 sequestration capacity.Results showed the reactivity of CaO and Ca(OH)2 was higher than that of CaO·SiO2 and 2CaO·SiO2.Carbide slag demonstrated a sequestration capacity of 610.8 g CO2/kg and carbonation efficiency ζCa of 62.04％under the conditions of 65 ℃,1.5 MPa initial CO2 pressure,15 mL/g liquid-to-solid ratio,and 200 r/min stirring speed.Moreover,the formation of carbonates was confirmed through XRD,SEM-EDS,TG,and FTIR.A mechanism analysis revealed that initially,the rate of the carbonation process was primarily controlled by the mass transfer of CO2 in the gas-liquid interface.However,the rate-determining step gradually shifted to the mass transfer of Ca2+in the solid-liquid interface as the reaction time increased.This study lays the foundation for the large-scale implementation of CO2 sequestration through carbide slag carbonation.
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