期刊,中国科学:地球科学（英文版） 2024年卷10期_国家学术搜索

期刊信息/Journal information

中国科学:地球科学（英文版）

主　　编：周光召

出版周期：月刊

国际刊号：1674-7313

电子邮箱：sales@scichina.org

电　　话：010-64019820

邮政编码：100717

地　　址：北京东黄城根北街16号

中国科学:地球科学（英文版）/Journal Science China(Earth Sciences)CSCDEISCI

查看更多>>《中国科学》是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社出版的自然科学专业性学术刊物。《中国科学》任务是反映中国自然科学各学科中的最新科研成果，以促进国内外的学术交流。《中国科学》以论文形式报道中国基础研究和应用研究方面具有创造性的、高水平的和有重要意义的科研成果。在国际学术界，《中国科学》作为代表中国最高水平的学术刊物也受到高度重视。国际上最具有权威的检索刊物SCI，多年来一直收录《中国科学》的论文。1999年《中国科学》夺得国家期刊奖的第一名。

正式出版

收录年代

A holistic perspective on Earth system science

Yongfei ZHENGZhengtang GUONianzhi JIAOMu MU...

3013-3040页

查看更多>>摘要：Earth system can be categorized into three parts,solid Earth system,surface Earth system,and Sun-Earth space system.These three subsystems not only have mutual transmission and coupling relationships in both energy and matter but also involve multiple scales from microscopic to macroscopic.Earth system science is characterized by its globality and unity with a holistic view and a systematic view at multiple scales in both space and time.It focuses not only on the physical,chemical and biological interactions between various geospheres but also on the properties,behaviors,processes,and mechanisms of the entire Earth and its spheres.Although significant progress has been made in the study of internal disciplines of these three subsystems,there is still insufficient understanding of their overall behavior and interactions between individuals,thus facing challenges of different types and levels.The solid Earth system is composed of the crust,mantle,and core.Existing observational techniques struggle to penetrate deep into the mantle,making direct observation and data acquisition difficult;the extreme environments within Earth,such as high temperature,high pressure,and strong magnetic fields,also pose great challenges to observational equipment and scientific experiments.The surface Earth system is an open complex mega-system,in which there are complex interactions and feedback mechanisms among its geospheres(such as atmosphere,hydrosphere,biosphere,pedosphere and lithosphere),leading to difficulties in understanding of its overall behavior and long-term evolution.Biological activities have become increasingly significant in affecting the surface Earth system.The coupling between the internal and external Earth systems becomes more complex.Distinguishing and quantifying the impacts of Earth spherical interactions and biological activities on the surface Earth system is a major challenge.The Sun-Earth space system involves multiple physical processes such as solar activity,Earth's magnetic field,atmosphere,and space weather.Solar activity significantly affects the Earth's space environment,but existing observational and reconstruction methods and prediction models still lack precision and timeliness.Thus it is important to improve the prediction capability of solar activity and reduce the impact of space weather disasters.How to cross different scales and establish coupled models of multiple physical processes is a significant challenge in the study of the Sun-Earth space system.Because the various processes and phenomena within and between these three Earth subsystems often span multiple scales in both space and time and exhibit strong nonlinear characteristics,understanding their behaviors and processes becomes complex and variable,posing great challenges for theoretical modelling and numerical simulation.Therefore,the study of Earth system science requires in-depth interdisciplinary integration to jointly reveal the basic laws and operating mechanisms of Earth system.

原文链接:

万方数据

Remnants and fragments of the subducted paleo-Pacific plate:Constraints from geochemistry and geophysics

Xisheng XUZhouchuan HUANGDingsheng JIANGGang ZENG...

3041-3061页

查看更多>>摘要：The subduction and rollback of the paleo-Pacific plate during Mesozoic time was the key engine for the evolution of the continental margin in eastern China.It led to lateral accretion of continental crust in Northeast China,lithospheric destruction beneath the North China Craton,and the generation of huge volumes of felsic magmatic rocks in South China.This had a profound influence on deep material cycles and the evolution of epigenetic environmental systems along the continental margin of East Asia.To fully understand the transformation of the dynamic mechanism during the subduction and rollback of the paleo-Pacific plate,we have attempted to trace the remnants and fragments of the subducted paleo-Pacific plate at great depths.Such remnants in both temporal and spatial dimensions can be tracked by using geochemical and geophysical approaches.Studies of the trace elements,Mg-Zn isotopes and Os-Nd-Hf-Pb-O isotopes in continental basalts from eastern China reveal a significant number of the remnants of subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate,and the initial subduction can be traced back to the Early Jurassic.Large-scale geophysical imaging unveils a multitude of high-velocity anomalies in the lower mantle of East Asia.Notably,many high-velocity bodies,aptly referred to as"slab graveyards",are nestled at the base of the lower mantle.Numerous isolated high-velocity anomalies are also present in the upper part of the lower mantle,creating conduits for the descent of the subducted slabs into the lower mantle.However,a resolution of the remnants for the subducted slabs within the lower mantle are quite low.Consequently,their impact on the lower mantle's dynamics is yet to be thoroughly investigated.Finally,the presently observed big mantle wedge(BMW)in East Asia has developed through subduction of the Pacific plate in the Cenozoic.However,following the rollback of the paleo-Pacific plate(began at～145 Ma),a Cretaceous BMW system would also form above the mantle transition zone in East Asia.There are significant differences in tectonic-magmatic processes and basin-forming and hydrocarbon-accumulation processes among different regions along the East Asian continental margin.Such differences may be controlled by variations in the speed and angle of rollback of the paleo-Pacific plate.

原文链接:

万方数据

Distribution,burial fluxes and carbon sink effect of sedimentary organic carbon in the eastern China seas

Xuefa SHIBin WUShuqing QIAOZhengquan YAO...

3062-3082页

查看更多>>摘要：The ocean is the largest active carbon reservoir on Earth.Organic carbon(OC),as the primary species of carbon sequestration in the ocean,plays an important role in the global carbon cycle through its deposition and burial.In this study,sedimentary OC data from 5796 stations,together with relevant geochemical and sedimentological parameters in the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea,and East China Sea(BYES)were used to summarize and elucidate the distribution and burial patterns of sedi-mentary OC,and assess carbon sink effect of sedimentary OC burial.The results show that the OC content in the sediments of the BYES ranges from 0.00％to 2.12％,with an average content of 0.47％士0.26％.OC content is significantly correlated with fine-grained sediments,with an average OC content in mud areas being 39％higher than that in non-mud areas.Modern OC buried in the BYES are mainly deposited in 7 major mud areas,with a total sedimentary OC burial flux of approximately 8.20 Mt C yr-1.Among them,the burial flux of biospheric OC is 6.92 Mt C yr-1,equivalent to the OC consumption amount of silicate weathering of the 9 major river basins in the eastern China.In its natural state,the annually sequestered OC in the sediments of the eastern China seas is equivalent to 25.37 Mt of atmospheric CO2,indicating a significant carbon sink effect.The distribution and burial of terrigenous OC in the BYES are mainly influenced by the large river inputs and complex marine hydrodynamic environment,while human activities such as dam construction have significantly altered the OC burial in these coastal mud areas.

原文链接:

万方数据

Multi-agent mobile networking observation experiment at the air-sea interface of ocean eddy

Yi ZHANGDongxiao WANGLi ZHOUChunhua QIU...

3083-3097页

查看更多>>摘要：Current climate forecasting has advanced to the stage of investigating mesoscale air-sea interactions.Recent studies have identified significant structural differences between the cores and edges of mesoscale eddies;however,the effects of these structural variations on air-sea fluxes and the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer(MABL)remain underexplored.Traditional observations often fail to capture the detailed structures of eddies,necessitating enhanced observations at high spatiotemporal resolution for mesoscale eddies.To address this,efforts have been made to develop multi-agent platforms and expendable air-sea interface observation technologies.A task-oriented observation scheme was developed to monitor the spatial characteristics of mesoscale eddies.The South China Sea(SCS)is rich in mesoscale eddies with rapid motion changes,requiring enhanced observations of the air-sea interface using multi-agent mobile networking.An anticyclonic eddy was observed in the eastern region of the Xisha Islands in the SCS,and we examined variations in air-sea fluxes across different regions within the eddy.

原文链接:

万方数据

Tropical cyclone genesis over the western north Pacific in La Nina decay summers:Comparison between 2018 and 2021

Yunyun LIUZhensong GONG

3098-3109页

查看更多>>摘要：As the primary interannual signal of variability in the tropical ocean-atmosphere interaction,the El Niño-Southern Oscillation has a considerable impact on tropical cyclone(TC)activity over the western North Pacific(WNP).Both 2018 and 2021 were La Niña decay years,but TC activity over the WNP during the two summers(June-August)showed notable differences.In 2018,summer TC activity was unusually high with a total of 18 TCs,and the region of TC genesis was mainly in the central and eastern WNP.In contrast,only 9 TCs were generated in summer 2021,and the region of TC genesis was primarily in the western WNP.By comparing the characteristics of the large-scale environmental conditions over the regions of TC genesis,the thermal factors of the tropical oceans,and the activity of the Madden-Julian Oscillation(MJO),this study revealed the possible causes for the marked differences in TC genesis over the WNP during the two summers,which both had a similar background of La Niña decay.The Indian Ocean Basin Mode(IOBM)transitioned of a cold anomaly in the winter of 2017/2018 and persisted until summer 2018.At the same time,the Pacific Meridional Mode(PMM)maintained a positive phase,leading to eastward and northward displacement of the Western Pacific Subtropical High in summer,and eastward extension of the tropical monsoon trough,which presented conditions conducive to TC genesis over the Northwest Pacific.Moreover,the days when the MJO stagnated in phases 5 and 6 in the summer of 2018 increased by approximately 150％relative to climatological state,providing dynamic conditions favorable for TC formation.In 2021,the IOBM quickly turned to a warm anomaly in March and persisted until summer,whereas the PMM became a negative phase in January and remained so until summer.At the same time,the MJO stagnated in phases 2 and 3 for up to 47 days,with the center of convection located over the western Maritime Continent,producing conditions unconducive to TC genesis over the Northwest Pacific.Thus,despite being under a similar background of La Niña decaying year,the distinct evolutions of the IOBM,PMM,and MJO in spring and summer of 2018 and 2021 were the main causes of the notable differences in TC activity over the WNP during these two summers,and the anomalies in IOBM and MJO contributed more significantly than those of the PMM.

原文链接:

万方数据

Impact of EnKF assimilating Himawari-8 all-sky infrared radiance on the forecasting of a warm-sector rainstorm event

Shanshan LOULei ZHUXuexing QIUGuangzhou CHEN...

3110-3127页

查看更多>>摘要：Warm-sector rainstorms are highly localized events,with weather systems and triggering mechanisms are not obvious,leading to limited forecasting capabilities in numerical models.Based on the ensemble Kalman filter(PSU-EnKF)assimilation system and the regional mesoscale model WRF,this study conducted a simulation experiment assimilating all-sky infrared(IR)radiance for a warm-sector rainstorm in East China and investigated the positive impact of assimilating the Himawari-8 moisture channel all-sky IR radiance on the forecast of the rainstorm.Results indicate that hourly cycling assimilation of all-sky IR radiance can significantly improve the forecast accuracy of this warm-sector rainstorm.There is a notable increase in the Threat Score(TS),with the simulated location and intensity of the 3-hour precipitation aligning more closely with observations.These improvements result from the assimilation of cloud-affected radiance,which introduces more mesoscale convective information into the model's initial fields.The adjustments include enhancements to the moisture field,such as increased humidity and moisture transport,and modifications to the wind field,including the intrusion of mid-level cold air and the strengthening of low-level convergent shear.These factors are critical in improving the forecast of this warm-sector rainstorm event.

原文链接:

万方数据

Insight of enriched basalts into the nature and evolution of mantle lithosphere beneath craton margins

Hong-Kun DAIJianping ZHENGQing XIONGLinlin HU...

3128-3142页

查看更多>>摘要：Refractory lithospheric deep roots are the cornerstone for the prolonged stability of cratons and mantle xenoliths are normally the key targets for study on the evolution of such deep roots.In regions with few mantle xenoliths,the basalts enriched in radiogenic isotopic compositions due to marked lithospheric mantle contribution are crucial to unmask the lithospheric mantle evolution based on a comprehensive study involving petrology,geochemistry and thermodynamic modelling.Here,the Early Cretaceous basalts from the northwest North China Craton with few mantle xenoliths are taken as an example to show the significance of enriched basalts on the study of lithospheric mantle.These basalts are characterized by high silica and alkali contents(SiO2=45.8-59.8 wt.％,K20+Na2O=4.81-9.88 wt.％),arc-type trace-element patterns and enriched radiogenic isotope compositions(e.g.,eNd=-2.64--12.88,87Sr/86Sr=0.7063-0.7093).The TiO2 and FeO(total)contents are higher than those of natural and experimental melts from refractory mantle peridotite but comparable to those of partial melts of fertile mantle rocks.The high contents of fluid-loving elements(e.g.,Rb and Ba)suggest source metasomatism by aqueous fluids.Combined with thermodynamic modelling and regional tectonic history,these enriched basalts likely record simultaneous decompression melting of asthenosphere and low-extent melting of thin and fertile lithospheric mantle fluxed by aqueous fluids from the subducted Paleo-Asian oceanic slab.The newly unmasked lithospheric mantle under the western NCC contrasts with the coeval thick and refractory one supporting the eastern NCC,and highlights that the craton destruction,especially the loss of its ancient refractory mantle root,should take place in a diachronous manner related to the craton-girded subduction episodes.Our study illustrates the potential of enriched basalts to recover the nature and evolution of mantle lithosphere beneath craton margins and associated tectonic histories.

原文链接:

万方数据

Distributions and accumulation mechanisms of helium in petroliferous basins

Pengpeng LIQuanyou LIUDongya ZHUDi ZHU...

3143-3168页

查看更多>>摘要：Helium is an irreplaceable strategic mineral resource,and commercial helium-rich gas fields(He＞0.1％)worldwide are typically discovered serendipitously during hydrocarbon exploration efforts.According to an analysis of 75 helium-rich gas fields and 1048 natural gas samples worldwide,helium in natural gas generally exhibits"scarce","accompanying",and"complex"properties,and helium-rich gas fields often occur at depths＜4500 m.Helium concentrations in He-CH4 and He-CO2 gas fields are notably lower than those in He-N2 gas fields(He＞1％).However,geological reserves in the former two types of gas fields are mainly in the range of 107-1011 m3,whereas in the latter,they are only in the range of 105-107m3.There are nevertheless notable disparities in the genesis and migration patterns between helium and gaseous hydrocarbons.Helium necessitates carriers(such as formation water,hydrocarbon fluids,N2,mantle-derived fluids,etc.)during both accumulation and long-distance migration processes,where migration conduits are not confined to sedimentary strata,and may extend to the basin's basement,lower crust,and even lithospheric mantle.However,the accumulation conditions of both helium and gaseous hydrocarbons are generally considered equivalent.The presence of gaseous hydrocarbons facilitates both the rapid exsolution of helium within helium-containing fluids and subsequent efficient aggregation in gaseous hydrocarbons,while both reduce helium diffusion and diminish escape flux.In terms of caprock,gypsum,salt,and thick shale as sealing layers contribute to the long-term preservation of helium over geological timescales.Large helium-rich gas fields,predominantly crust-derived gas fields,are primarily concentrated in uplifted zones of ancient cratonic basins and their peripheries.Based on a diagram of the He concentration versus He/N2 ratio,crust-derived helium fields can be categorized as basement,combined basement-sedimentary rock,and sedimentary rock helium supply types.Comprehensively given China's helium grade,helium resource endowment,natural gas industrialization process,and current helium purification processes,the foremost deployment zones for the com-mercial production of helium should be the helium-rich gas fields located in the Ordos,Tarim,Sichuan,and Qaidam Basins in western and central China.In addition,certain(extra)large helium-containing gas fields serve as important replacement zones.

原文链接:

万方数据

Chemical,carbon and sulfur isotopic compositions constrain the origin of Upper Carboniferous-Lower Triassic gases in eastern Sichuan Basin,SW China

Chunfang CAIIlya KUTUZOVWenhua MEIDaowei WANG...

3169-3185页

查看更多>>摘要：Methane dominated gas is one of the cleanest energy resources;however,there is no direct method to determine its source rock.Natural gases produced from the eastern Sichuan Basin together with seismic data were studied for their sources and secondary alteration by thermochemical sulfate reduction(TSR).Our results demonstrate that Upper Permian to Lower Triassic(P3ch-T,f)gases in the surrounding of the Kaijiang-Liangping area show volatile organic sulfur compounds(VOSCs)δ34S values close to those of the associated H2S,and may have been altered by methane-dominated TSR,resulting in positive shift in methane δ13C1 values with increasing TSR extents.Other(or group 2)gases produced from the P3ch-T1f reservoirs from the southern area and the Upper Carboniferous to Middle Permian(C2h-P2q)from the eastern Sichuan Basin are not significantly changed by TSR,show similar δ34S values between the kerogens and some VOSCs,and may have been derived from the Lower Silurian and Middle Permian source rocks.This study demonstrates a case for the first time showing the δ34S values of VOSCs can be used as a tool for direct correlation between non-TSR altered gas and source rocks.Methane-dominated gas pools can be found using gas and source rock geochemistry combined with seismic data.

原文链接:

万方数据

Microseismic observations reveal that internal waves intensify seabed methane release

Zhaoyang TIANYonggang JIAJunjiang ZHUTian CHEN...

3186-3203页

查看更多>>摘要：Internal waves transport material and energy from the upper water column to the deep ocean,disturbing seabed sediments and resulting in phenomena such as seabed erosion and changes in topography.On the northern slope of the South China Sea and in many coastal margins worldwide,the zones with internal wave action closely overlap with areas where natural gas hydrates are present.However,due to significant differences in the spatial and temporal scales,understanding the influence of internal waves on methane releases from deep seabeds is challenging.In this study,in situ observations of seabed micro-seismicity and internal waves are conducted at water depths of 655 meters and 1450 meters in the Pearl River Canyon of the South China Sea.The microseismicity caused by internal waves and seabed methane releases is identified,and a method to establish the correlation between internal waves and seabed methane releases through the use of microseismic recordings is proposed,aiming to obtain direct observational evidence of internal waves intensifying seabed methane releases.The results show that internal waves and seabed methane releases generate significant microseismic signals,indicating the continuous influence of internal waves on the deep seabed of the northern slope of the South China Sea and revealing active methane release phenomena on the seabed.At both long and short time scales,internal waves increase the frequency of seabed methane releases by 4.2 times and 2.4 times,respectively,while also enhancing the intensity of these releases.These changes are influenced by the alterations in seabed flow velocity,pressure,and temperature that are induced by internal wave activities.This study emphasizes that microseismic signals are effective carriers of information for multiscale geological processes on seabeds and suggests that internal waves exacerbate marine geological hazards and contribute to global climate change by intensifying seabed methane releases.

原文链接:

万方数据