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中国科学:技术科学（英文版）
中国科学:技术科学（英文版）

周光召

月刊

1674-7321

sales@scichina.org

010-64019820

100717

北京东黄城根北街16号

中国科学:技术科学（英文版）/Journal Science China Technological SciencesCSCDCSTPCDEISCI
查看更多>>《中国科学》是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社出版的自然科学专业性学术刊物。《中国科学》任务是反映中国自然科学各学科中的最新科研成果，以促进国内外的学术交流。《中国科学》以论文形式报道中国基础研究和应用研究方面具有创造性的、高水平的和有重要意义的科研成果。在国际学术界，《中国科学》作为代表中国最高水平的学术刊物也受到高度重视。国际上最具有权威的检索刊物SCI，多年来一直收录《中国科学》的论文。1999年《中国科学》夺得国家期刊奖的第一名。
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    Predicting microbial extracellular electron transfer activity in paddy soils with soil physicochemical properties using machine learning

    OU JiaJunLUO XiaoShanLIU JunYangHUANG LinYan...
    259-270页
    查看更多>>摘要：Soil extracellular electron transfer(EET)is a pivotal biological process within the realm of soil.Unfortunately,EET suffers from a lack of predictive models.Herein,an intricately crafted machine learning model has been developed for the purpose of predicting soil EET by using the physicochemical properties of soil as independent input variables and the EET capabilities in terms of current density(jmax)and Coulombic charge(Cout)as dependent output variables.An autoencoder ensemble stacking(AES)model was developed to address the aforementioned issue by integrating support vector machine,multilayer perceptron,extreme gradient boosting,and light gradient boosting machine algorithms as the stacking algorithms.With 10-fold cross-validation,the AES model exhibited notable improvements in predicting jmax and Cout,with average test R2 values of 0.83 and 0.84,respectively,surpassing those of single machine learning(ML)models and the basic ensemble model.By utilizing partial correlation plots(PDPs),Shapley Additive explanations(SHAP)values,and SHAP decision plots,we quantitatively explained the impact and contribution of the input molecules on the AES model's predictions of jmax and Cout.In the context of the SHAP method for the AES model,total carbon(TC)was identified as the most correlated descriptor for jmax,while total organic carbon(TOC)stood out as the most relevant descriptor for Cout.In the prediction tasks of jmax and Cout within the AES model,employing a multitask ML approach allowed the model to benefit from the shared information of input variables,thereby enhancing its overall generalizability.This study provides a feasible tool for the prediction of soil EET from soil physiochemical properties and an advanced understanding of the relationship between soil physiochemical properties and EET capability.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Efficient and robust CNN-LSTM prediction of flame temperature aided light field online tomography

    NIU ZhiTianQI HongSUN AnTaiREN YaTao...
    271-284页
    查看更多>>摘要：Light field tomography,an optical combustion diagnostic technology,has recently attracted extensive attention due to its easy implementation and non-intrusion.However,the conventional iterative methods are high data throughput,low efficiency and time-consuming,and the existing machine learning models use the radiation spectrum information of the flame to realize the parameter field measurement at the current time.It is still an offline measurement and cannot realize the online prediction of the instantaneous structure of the actual turbulent combustion field.In this work,a novel online prediction model of flame temperature instantaneous structure based on deep convolutional neural network and long short-term memory(CNN-LSTM)is proposed.The method uses the characteristics of local perception,shared weight,and pooling of CNN to extract the three-dimensional(3D)features of flame temperature and outgoing radiation images.Moreover,the LSTM is used to comprehensively utilize the ten historical time series information of high dynamic combustion flame to accurately predict 3D temperature at three future moments.A chaotic time-series dataset based on the flame radiation forward model is built to train and validate the performance of the proposed CNN-LSTM model.It is proven that the CNN-LSTM prediction model can successfully learn the evolution pattern of combustion flame and make accurate predictions.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Constructal design of printed circuit recuperator for S-CO2 cycle via multi-objective optimization algorithm

    DAN ZhiSongFENG Hui JunCHEN LinGenLIAO NaiBing...
    285-294页
    查看更多>>摘要：Based on a constructal theory,the structure design of a printed circuit recuperator with a semicircular heat transfer channel for supercritical CO2 cycle is carried out.First,a complex function composed of weighted sum of the reciprocal of total heat transfer rate and total pumping power consumption is regarded as an optimization objective,and total volumes of the recuperator and heat transfer channel are regarded as constraints.The optimal heat transfer channel radius and minimum complex function of the recuperator are obtained.It turns out that heat transfer rate,pumping power consumption,and complex function under the optimal construct of recuperator are reduced by 15.10％,82.44％,and 32.33％,respectively.There exists the optimal single plate channel number which results in the double minimum complex function.Second,for the purpose of minimizing the reciprocal of heat transfer rate and pumping power consumption,NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm is used to achieve multi-objective optimization,and the minimum deviation index derived by the decision-making methods is 0.076,which can be taken as multi-objective optimal design scheme for printed circuit recuperator with semicircular heat transfer channels.The findings presented here can serve as theoretical recommendations for the structure design of printed circuit recuperator.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    A novel approach towards the selection of regenerators for optimal Stirling engine performance based on energy and exergy analyses

    YU MinJieZHANG MingHuiXU LeiCUI HaiChuan...
    295-310页
    查看更多>>摘要：Regenerators play a vital role in enhancing the overall performance of Stirling engines.Hence,this paper performed an energy and exergy analysis to elucidate the significance of regenerator characteristics concerning system performance,contributing to the optimal regenerator's design and selection.The relationship between regenerator structure,regenerator exergy destruction,and output power,thermal efficiency,and exergy efficiency for Stirling engines was established by integrating the thermal model of Stirling engines with a mathematical model of regenerators.In contrast to cross-flow and parallel-flow regenerators,a novel concept of inclined-flow regenerators,featuring a matrix surface inclined in the direction of gas flow,was developed to achieve higher and more balanced engine output power and energy utilization efficiency.A comprehensive investigation was conducted into the effects of matrix structure types and regenerator geometries on the performance of both regenerators and engines.The results reveal that,following structural optimization,Stirling engines equipped with the inclined-flow regenerator demonstrate a substantial 16.6％,38.3％,and 37.2％increase in power output,thermal efficiency,and exergy efficiency,respectively,compared to those equipped with cross-flow regenerators.In contrast,when compared to engines fitted with parallel-flow regenerators,they experience a 13.5％reduction in power output but achieve remarkable enhancements of 45.4％and 36.7％in thermal and exergy efficiency,respectively.This study introduces new insights into selecting regenerator structures for enhancing the output performance of Stirling engines.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    A strategy based on water soluble coal tar pitches to construct MnO2@C composite materials with high electrochemical performance

    LIU BoWANG KunGUO ZhaoQiHAN BeiBei...
    311-320页
    查看更多>>摘要：The water soluble coal tar pitches(WS-CTPs)were successfully prepared and used to construct the MnO2@C composite materials by a hydrothermal method.It is interestingly observed that the structures and morphologies of MnO2@C materials can be controlled by controlling the dosages of WS-CTPs and KMnO4.Meanwhile,it is aware that MnO2 exists in the MnO2@C materials in an amorphous state.Compared with MnO2,MnO2@C materials output a remarkable improvement in electro-chemical performance.For instance,MnO2@C-0.3 shows the storage capacity at 965.7 mA h g-1 after 300 cycles at a current density of 0.1 A g-1.In addition,after 600 cycles at a current density of 1.0 A g-1,the storage capacity of MnO2@C-0.3 still keeps 450.3 mA h g-1,indicating that MnO2@C-0.3 owns tremendous cycle stability at a high current density.In view of the fact that the coal tar pitches possess great cost advantages,the strategy of using WS-CTPs as a carbon source to cover the metal oxides is a competitive way to expand the application of metal oxides in the fabrication of electrodes of LIBs.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    NIR-Ⅱ responsive Janus nanoparticles amplify immunogenic cell death for enhanced cancer immunotherapy

    CHEN BeiBeiGUO KangLiWANG HaoRanXU Fu-Jian...
    321-329页
    查看更多>>摘要：Immunotherapy brings new hope for tumor treatment by inducing immunogenic cell death(ICD)of tumor cells.However,insufficient immunogenicity and low immune response rate greatly limit antitumor immunity.Herein,by optimizing the composition and morphology,the rational design of Janus nanoparticles composed of Fe3O4 nanospheres and SiO2 nanorods was realized for enhanced cancer immunotherapy through amplified ICD.After glucose oxidase(GOx)was loaded by the Janus nanoparticles,the resultant M-FS-GOx consumes glucose at tumor sites to generate gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)for starvation therapy while the H2O2 supply promotes the production of highly toxic·OH to achieve effective chemodynamic therapy(CDT).Under a 1064 nm light irradiation,the photothermal effect of M-FS-GOx enhances the enzyme activity of GOx for improved starvation therapy.Furthermore,both tumor-associated antigens released during the process of ICD and the intrinsic immunoadjuvant property of M-FS-GOx stimulate dendritic cell maturation to activate antitumor immune responses.This work provides a promising strategy for the construction of Janus nanoparticles to achieve enhanced cancer immunotherapy through combination therapy-amplified ICD.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Perspective for OER electrocatalysts:Lattice engineering of clay-like frameworks with near-surface cluster active sites

    ZHANG DanTongQIAN BinBinXUE DongFeng
    330-334页
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普