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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）
中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）

周光召

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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）/Journal Science China(Physics, Mechanics&Astronomy)CSCDCSTPCDEISCI
查看更多>>《中国科学》是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社出版的自然科学专业性学术刊物。《中国科学》任务是反映中国自然科学各学科中的最新科研成果，以促进国内外的学术交流。《中国科学》以论文形式报道中国基础研究和应用研究方面具有创造性的、高水平的和有重要意义的科研成果。在国际学术界，《中国科学》作为代表中国最高水平的学术刊物也受到高度重视。国际上最具有权威的检索刊物SCI，多年来一直收录《中国科学》的论文。1999年《中国科学》夺得国家期刊奖的第一名。
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    Editorial

    Weifeng YangJing ChenXiaojun Liu
    1页
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    Coherent emission and attosecond transient absorption of N+in strong fields

    Qian ZhangGuangru BaiBin ZhangJinlei Liu...
    2-7页
    查看更多>>摘要：The ionic dynamics induced by strong-field ionization are essential to understand the fundamental physics and chemical reactions.By solving the ionization-coupling equation theoretically,we can simultaneously address strong-field ionization and coupling dy-namics in ions.By employing the driving pulse at the wavelength of 1580 nm,we show that the B2∑+u state of the strong field ionization created N+2 could be populated by polarization effect and five-photon resonance but there is no population inversion between X2∑+8 and B2∑+u states for the nitrogen molecular ions aligning along the laser polarization.In addition,both the ultravio-let supercontinuum and the attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy(ATAS)are calculated to illustrate the characteristics of population and coherence.The Stark shift observed from the transient absorption confirms the origin of ultraviolet supercontin-uum.Our results show the evolution of the absorption spectral lineshape,varying from Lorentzian to Fano to inverted Lorentzian and back forth and the optical gain is achieved at 394 eV due to the vibrational coherent dynamics.This study offers valuable insights into the strong-field quantum optics of molecular ions.
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    Self-consistent extraction of photoabsorption time delays in attosecond streak camera

    Yutong GaoHongcheng NiAndreas BeckerJian Wu...
    8-16页
    查看更多>>摘要：Photoionization can generally be decomposed into a photoabsorption process plus a half-scattering process.The streaking time delay observed in the attosecond streak camera,correspondingly,can be decomposed into a photoabsorption time delay and a continuum time delay.We propose a self-consistent method to account for the potential-laser coupling effect and extract the intrinsic absorption time delay,without invoking an implicit assumption of a constant continuum correction made in previous streaking studies.The concept is based on an iterative technique starting from an initial guess of the absorption time delay and using classical electron trajectories to consistently remove the coupling-induced momentum shift to the streak signal.We show that the self-consistent iterative algorithm converges quickly and is robust against different initial guesses.The method is applied to laser-induced ionization of atoms to obtain the absorption time delay in resonant two-photon ionization and to explore possi-ble time delays in above-threshold ionization.The results confirm an absorption time delay linearly dependent on the ionizing pulse duration in resonant two-photon ionization.The method is also shown to perform better than conventional methods and to identify a small negative absorption time delay(less than 2 attoseconds)in above-threshold ionization.
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    Anisotropic coherence induced nonuniform amplification in N+2

    Hongqiang XieQian ZhangHongbin LeiNa Wang...
    17-23页
    查看更多>>摘要：The continuous progress in N+2 lasing recently stimulates a great deal of interest in nonlinear and quantum optics of molecular ions,while a complete description of the ionic polarization is still lacking to date.In this work,we are dedicated to construct-ing the fundamental ionic polarization theory where several ubiquitous strong-field processes including ionization,electronic couplings and molecular alignment jointly determine the spatial arrangement of ions.With the model,the elusive polarization of N+2 lasing can be well interpreted.Our results show that the different electronic transition rules for strong-field ionization and resonant couplings result in peculiar population distributions of various electronic states of N+2 in space.Meanwhile,the spatial nonuniformity of population distribution can be aggravated or mitigated during field-free evolutions of coherent molec-ular rotational wave packets.Furthermore,when a follow-up resonant seed pulse interacts with the prepared ionic system,the anisotropic quantum coherence determining the polarization of subsequent N+2 lasing can be established.The qualitative agree-ment between experiments and simulations confirms the validity of the proposed model.The findings provide critical insights into the polarization and radiation mechanisms of molecular ions constructed via ultrafast laser pulses.
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    Correlated tunneling in high-order above threshold dissociative ionization of H2

    Xiaolei HaoJunping WangZhaohan ZhangJiarui Qin...
    24-31页
    查看更多>>摘要：Comprehension of photon-triggered molecular processes is essential in the study of various important topics in physics,chem-istry,and biology.Here we propose a correlated tunneling picture to understand the dissociative ionization process of molecules in intense laser fields based on a quantum model developed in the framework of many-body S-matrix theory including nuclear vibrational motion.In this quantum correlation picture,the single ionization of H2 and the subsequent electron-ion recollision-induced dissociation are considered as an entangled correlated process.It enables us to attribute the interference pattern in the joint-energy spectra to combined effects of single-slit diffraction and multi-slit interference of correlated electron-nuclear wave packets in the time domain.Our work opens a new avenue to understanding molecular dissociative ionization processes in external fields.
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    Statistics and dynamics of coherent structures in compressible wall-bounded turbulence

    Ming YuSiWei DongXianXu YuanChunXiao Xu...
    32-47页
    查看更多>>摘要：Compressible wall-bounded turbulence is ubiquitously encountered in modem aerospace and mechanical industries.In this review,we summarize the current state of the literature on the flow physics of compressible wall-bounded turbulence with simple flow geometry and boundary constraints,focusing on the statistics and dynamics of coherent structures,the seemingly organized flow patterns hidden amidst the nonlinear chaotic random processes.We summarize the conclusions brought by recent year studies regarding the influences of the Mach number and wall temperature on the velocity streaks,quasi-stream wise vortices and dilatational motions in the near-wall region,and the large-scale and very-large-scale motions in the outer region,from both statistical and dynamical point of view,with the primary concern of the similarities with and disparities from those in in-compressible flows.
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    Buffer-atom-mediated quantum logic gates with off-resonant modulated driving

    Yuan Sun
    48-60页
    查看更多>>摘要：Connectivity of two-qubit logic gates plays a crucial and indispensable role in quantum computation research.For the cold atom qubit platform,while the two-qubit Rydberg blockade gate has recently made rapid experimental progress,a pressing challenge is to improve connectivity in pursuit of genuine scalability without sacrificing speed or fidelity.A significant advancement in this direction can be achieved by introducing an extra buffer atom to extend the two-qubit gate beyond purely nearest-neighbor two-body interactions.The buffer atom couples with the two qubit atoms through nearest-neighbor interactions,even though the qubit atoms do not directly exert any physical influence on each other.The established method of off-resonant modulated driving(ORMD)is not only convenient but also lays the groundwork for this latest development.Although the atomic link-age structure here exhibits more complex interactions compared to previous two-body systems,the population can satisfactorily return to the ground state after the ground-Rydberg transition with a properly designed modulation waveform.This can be achieved through one-photon and two-photon ground-Rydberg transitions in common practices.Furthermore,with buffer atom relay or similar structures,it is possible to realize a two-qubit entangling gate between two distant qubit atoms.In addition to demonstrating that such solutions are feasible,the representative modulation patterns are analyzed,showcasing the versatility of buffer-atom-mediated two-qubit gates.From a broader perspective,these efforts enhance the resemblance between the cold atom qubit platform and the superconducting qubit system,with the buffer atom functioning like wires and junctions.
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    Measuring the anisotropies in astrophysical and cosmological gravitational-wave backgrounds with Taiji and LISA networks

    Zhi-Chao ZhaoSai Wang
    61-69页
    查看更多>>摘要：We investigate the capabilities of space-based gravitational-wave detector networks,specifically Taiji and LISA,to measure the anisotropies in stochastic gravitational-wave background(SGWB),which are characterized by the angular power spectrum.We find that a detector network can improve the measurement precision of anisotropies by at most fourteen orders of magnitude,depending on the angular multipoles.By doing so,we can enhance our understanding of the physical origins of SGWB,both in astrophysical and cosmological contexts.We assess the prospects of the detector networks for measuring the parameters of angular power spectrum.We further find an inevitable effect of cosmic variance,which can be suppressed by a better angular resolution,strengthening the importance of configuring detector networks.Our findings also suggest a potential detection of the kinematic dipole due to Doppler boosting of SGWB.
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    Field intensity dependence of the dissociative multiple ionization of argon dimers in strong femtosecond laser fields

    Pan SongYalei ZhuXiaowei WangCongsen Meng...
    70-78页
    查看更多>>摘要：The dissociative ionization of Ar dimers is investigated in femtosecond laser fields with intensities from 260 to 1020 TW/cm2.The three-dimensional momentum and kinetic-energy release of fragmental ions generated from the channels Ar22+→Ar++Ar+,Ar23+→Ar2++Ar+,and Ar24+→Ar2++Ar2+were measured with a cold-target recoil-ion momentum spectrometer.It is shown that the laser intensity significantly modulates the kinetic energies and angular distributions of fragmental ions from dissociative dou-ble ionization.Laser-induced charge-transfer following one-site double ionization contributes relatively more to the dissociative double ionization at lower laser intensity.The calculation results of a one-dimensional model based on the WKB approximation suggest that the charge transfer is suppressed at higher laser intensity due to the core polarization effect.In addition,double,triple,and quadruple dissociative ionizations of Ar dimers are accompanied by frustrated-tunneling ionization that increases with the laser intensity.
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    Inverse design of quasi-bound states in the continuum metasurface for the polarization independent enhancement of Goos-H?nchen shift

    Zuhai MaYouzhi ShiYu ChenYu Xue...
    79-86页
    查看更多>>摘要：Bound states in the continuum(BIC)have been widely researched and applied in optics due to their unique electromagnetic response.However,there are still difficulties in predicting and customizing BIC spectra.To address this issue,we design an efficient combined neural network for highly accurate prediction of quasi-bound states in the continuum(q-BIC)spectrum,as well as for the inverse design of the polarization independent enhancement of the Goos-Hänchen(GH)shift.Firstly,we propose a C4 symmetric metasurface for achieving q-BIC spectrum and providing the condition of enhanced GH shift.By employing a combined neural network,the intensity,position,shape,and phase of q-BIC spectrum with ultra-narrow resonance can be accurately predicted and on-demand customized,even under a small dataset.Besides,we develop a screening algorithm for the q-BIC spectrum to quickly realize the polarization independent enhancement of GH shift.As an application,an ultra-high sensitivity refractive index sensor has been proposed,whose sensitivity can reach 2.31 × 107 μm/RIU for TM polarization and 1.03× 106 μm/RIU for TE polarization.Therefore,this work brings new solutions for quick prediction of q-BIC spectrum and the development of flexible polarization photonic devices.
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