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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）
中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）

周光召

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1674-7348

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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）/Journal Science China(Physics, Mechanics&Astronomy)CSCDCSTPCDEISCI
查看更多>>《中国科学》是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社出版的自然科学专业性学术刊物。《中国科学》任务是反映中国自然科学各学科中的最新科研成果，以促进国内外的学术交流。《中国科学》以论文形式报道中国基础研究和应用研究方面具有创造性的、高水平的和有重要意义的科研成果。在国际学术界，《中国科学》作为代表中国最高水平的学术刊物也受到高度重视。国际上最具有权威的检索刊物SCI，多年来一直收录《中国科学》的论文。1999年《中国科学》夺得国家期刊奖的第一名。
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    Optical scattering imaging with sub-nanometer precision based on position-ultra-sensitive giant Lamb shift

    Zeyang LiaoYu-Wei LuWei LiXue-Hua Wang...
    96-105页
    查看更多>>摘要：The Lamb shift of a quantum emitter in close proximity to a plasmonic nanostructure can be three or more orders of magnitude larger than that in the free space and is ultra-sensitive to the emitter position and polarization.We demonstrate that this large Lamb shift can be sensitively observed from the scattering or absorption spectrum dip shift of the coupled system when the plas-monic nanoparticle or tip scans the emitter.Using these observations,we propose a scanning optical scattering imaging method based on the plasmonic-enhanced Lamb shift with achieves sub-nanometer resolution.Our method is based on the scattering or absorption spectrum of the plasmon-emitter coupling system,which is free of the fluorescence quenching problem and easier to implement in a plasmon-emitter coupling system.In addition,our scheme works even if the quantum emitter is slightly below the dielectric surface,which can bring about broader applications,such as detecting atoms and molecules or quantum dots above or under a surface.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Arbitrary acoustic orbital angular momentum detection using dual-layer metasurfaces

    Zhanlei HaoHaojie ChenYuhang YinShan Zhu...
    106-112页
    查看更多>>摘要：Orbital angular momentum(OAM),with its unique physical properties and vast application prospects,has attracted widespread attention in various fields.Nonetheless,the development of valid and practical acoustic OAM detection methods continues to be a challenging endeavor.In this paper,we propose a novel construction method of dual-layer metasurfaces to achieve a double-conversion process for the waveform reshaping and differentiated focusing of two-dimensional vortex sources with different OAMs.Specifically,by utilizing a concise formula,a one-to-one correspondence is established between the OAM of incident vortex waves and different imaging points.The fundamental principle of this special conversion relationship is rigorously constrained by the directional compensation of phase and the material parameters of dual-layer metasurfaces with different quadratic phase distributions.More importantly,the highly consistent results between numerical demonstrations and acoustic experiments further confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed OAM detection scheme.Our work provides a new perspective on the precise manipulation for the phase of vortex fields,holding potential applications in super-resolution imaging and the design of acoustic OAM-based devices.
      原文链接:
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    • 维普

    Nanoscopic tribological characteristics of a cryogenically cycled Zr-based metallic glass

    Qian JiaQiaosheng XiaQing ZhouYucheng Wang...
    113-126页
    查看更多>>摘要：Optimized macroscopic tribological behavior can be anticipated in metallic glasses(MGs)by cryogenic cycling treatment(CCT),which is attributed to enhanced plasticity.However,the intrinsic friction mechanisms of MGs induced by cryogenic rejuvenation are still poorly understood.In the present study,nanoscopic wear tests were conducted on the Zr-based MGs surface with different CCT cycles using atomic force microscopy(AFM).After CCT treatment with 100 cycles,the MG displays the highest adhesion and ploughing frictions,but significantly improved anti-wear properties.Adhesion tests and molecular dy-namics simulations disclose that the increased adhesion is attributed to the dominance of liquid-like regions in the CCT-treated MGs,and the impact of reduced hardness and weak elastic recovery results in the deteriorated ploughing friction.The enhanced plasticity effectively dissipates the strain from the AFM tip through multiple shear bands and weakens the adhesion during deformation,giving rise to excellent wear resistance.This study elucidates the promoting effect of CCT on the outstanding anti-wear performance of MGs,and is helpful for the development of novel alloys.
      原文链接:
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    • 维普

    On the half-quantized Hall conductance of massive surface electrons in magnetic topological insulator films

    Rui ChenShun-Qing Shen
    127-136页
    查看更多>>摘要：In topological insulators,massive surface states resulting from local symmetry breaking were thought to exhibit a half-quantized Hall conductance,obtained from the low-energy effective model in an infinite Brillouin zone.In a lattice model,the surface band is composed of a combination of surface states and bulk states.The massive surface states alone may not be enough to support an exact one-half quantized surface Hall conductance in a finite Brillouin zone and the whole surface band always gives an integer quantized Hall conductance as enforced by the TKNN theorem.To explore this,we investigate the band structures of a lattice model describing the magnetic topological insulator film that supports the axion insulator,Chern insulator,and semi-magnetic topological insulator phases.We reveal that the gapped and gapless surface bands in the three phases are characterized by an integer-quantized Hall conductance and a half-quantized Hall conductance,respectively.We propose an effective model to de-scribe the three phases and show that the low-energy dispersion of the surface bands inherits from the surface Dirac fermions.The gapped surface band manifests a nearly half-quantized Hall conductance at low energy near the center of Brillouin zone,but is compensated by another nearly half-quantized Hall conductance at high energy near the boundary of Brillouin zone because a single band can only have an integer-quantized Hall conductance.The gapless band hosts a zero Hall conductance at low energy but is compensated by another half-quantized Hall conductance at high energy,and thus the half-quantized Hall conductance can only originate from the gapless band.Moreover,we calculate the layer-resolved Hall conductance of the system.The conclusion suggests that the individual gapped surface band alone does not support the half-quantized surface Hall effect in a lattice model.
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    Anisotropic magnetism and band evolution induced by ferromagnetic phase transition in titanium-based kagome ferromagnet SmTi3Bi4

    Zhe ZhengLong ChenXuecong JiYing Zhou...
    137-145页
    查看更多>>摘要：Kagome magnets with diverse topological quantum responses are crucial for next-generation topological engineering.The anisotropic magnetism and band evolution induced by ferromagnetic phase transition(FMPT)is reported in a newly discov-ered titanium-based kagome ferromagnet SmTi3Bi4,which features a distorted Ti kagome lattice and Sm atomic zig-zag chains.Temperature-dependent resistivity,heat capacity,and magnetic susceptibility reveal a ferromagnetic ordering temperature Tc of 23.2 K.A large magnetic anisotropy,observed by applying the magnetic field along three crystallographic axes,identifies the b axis as the easy axis.Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with first-principles calculations unveils the characteristic kagome motif,including the Dirac point at the Fermi level and multiple van Hove singularities.Notably,a band splitting and gap closing attributed to FMPT is observed,originating from the exchange coupling between Sm 4f local moments and itinerant electrons of the kagome Ti atoms,as well as the time-reversal symmetry breaking induced by the long-range ferromagnetic or-der.Considering the large in-plane magnetization and the evolution of electronic structure under the influence of ferromagnetic ordering,such materials promise to be a new platform for exploring the intricate electronic properties and magnetic phases based on the kagome lattice.
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    Quantized bound states around a vortex in anisotropic superconductors

    Ke XiangDa WangQiang-Hua Wang
    146-155页
    查看更多>>摘要：The bound states around a vortex in anisotropic superconductors is a longstanding yet important issue.In this work,we develop a variational theory on the basis of the Andreev approximation to obtain the energy levels and wave functions of the low-energy quantized bound states in superconductors with anisotropic pairing on arbitrary Fermi surface.In the case of circular Fermi sur-face,the effective.Schrödinger equation yielding the bound state energies gets back to the theory proposed by Volovik and Kopnin many years ago.Our generalization here enables us to prove the equidistant energy spectrum inside a vortex in a broader class of superconductors.More importantly,we are now able to obtain the wave functions of these bound states by projecting the qua-siclassical wave function on the eigenmodes of the effective Schrödinger equation,going beyond the quasiclassical Eilenberger results,which,as we find,are sensitive to the scattering rate.For the case of isotropic Fermi surface,the spatial profile of the low-energy local density of states is dominated near the vortex center and elongates along the gap antinode directions,in addition to the ubiquitous Friedel oscillation arising from the quantum inteference neglected in the Eilenberger theory.Moreover,as a consequence of the pairing anisotropy,the quantized wave functions develop a peculiar distribution of winding number,which reduces stepwise towards the vortex center.Our work provides a flexible way to study the vortex bound states in the future.
      原文链接:
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    Microlensing bias on the detection of strong lensing gravitational wave

    Xikai ShanXuechun ChenBin HuGuoliang Li...
    156-165页
    查看更多>>摘要：Identifying strong lensing gravitational wave(SLGW)events is of utmost importance in astrophysics as we approach the historic first detection of SLGW amidst the growing number of gravitational wave(GW)events.Currently,one crucial method for identi-fying SLGW signals involves assessing the overlap of parameters between two GWs.However,the distribution of discrete matter,such as stars and sub-halos,within the strong lensing galaxy can imprint a wave optical(WO)effect on the SLGW waveform.These frequency dependent imprints introduce biases in parameter estimation and impact SLGW identification.In this study,we assess the influence of the stellar microlensing field embedded in a strong lensing galaxy.Our findings demonstrate that the WO effect reduces the detection efficiency of SLGW by 5％-50％for various false alarm probabilities per pair(FAPper pair).Specifically,at an FAPper pair of 10-5,the detection efficiency decreases from～10％to～5％.Consequently,the presence of the microlensing field can result in missing half of the strong lensing candidates.Additionally,the microlensing WO effect introduces a noticeable bias in intrinsic parameters,particularly for chirp mass and mass ratio.However,it has tiny influence on extrinsic parameters.Considering all parameters,～30％of events exhibit a 1σ parameter bias,～12％exhibit a 2σ parameter bias,and～5％exhibit a 3σ parameter bias.
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    A discovery of two slow pulsars with FAST:"Ronin"from the globular cluster M15

    Dengke ZhouPei WangDi LiJianhua Fang...
    166-180页
    查看更多>>摘要：Globular clusters harbor numerous millisecond pulsars,but long-period pulsars(P(≥)100 ms)are rarely found.In this study,we employed a fast folding algorithm to analyze observational data from multiple globular clusters obtained by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST),aiming to detect the existence of long-period pulsars.We estimated the impact of the median filtering algorithm in eliminating red noise on the minimum detectable flux density(S min)of pulsars.Subse-quently,we successfully discovered two isolated long-period pulsars in M15 with periods approximately equal to 1.928451 and 3.960716 s,respectively.On the P-P diagram,both pulsars are positioned below the spin-up line,suggesting a possible history of partial recycling in X-ray binary systems disrupted by dynamical encounters later on.According to timing results,these two pulsars exhibit remarkably strong magnetic fields.If the magnetic fields were weakened during the accretion process,then a short duration of accretion might explain the strong magnetic fields of these pulsars.
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    Cavity optomechanics with directionally squeezed light

    Pierre Meystre
    181-182页
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Thermodynamic limits on neural information processing efficiency

    Lianchun Yu
    183页
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普