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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）
中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）

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中国科学:物理学 力学 天文学（英文版）/Journal Science China(Physics, Mechanics&Astronomy)CSCDCSTPCDEISCI
查看更多>>《中国科学》是中国科学院主办、中国科学杂志社出版的自然科学专业性学术刊物。《中国科学》任务是反映中国自然科学各学科中的最新科研成果，以促进国内外的学术交流。《中国科学》以论文形式报道中国基础研究和应用研究方面具有创造性的、高水平的和有重要意义的科研成果。在国际学术界，《中国科学》作为代表中国最高水平的学术刊物也受到高度重视。国际上最具有权威的检索刊物SCI，多年来一直收录《中国科学》的论文。1999年《中国科学》夺得国家期刊奖的第一名。
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    A new twist to the interplay between superconductivity and Kondo correlation

    Gui-Lu Long
    1-2页
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Anomalous negative magnetoresistance in quantum dot Josephson junctions with Kondo correlations

    Mingtang DengChunlin YuGuangyao HuangRosa López...
    3-13页
    查看更多>>摘要：The interplay between superconductivity and the Kondo effect has stimulated significant interest in condensed matter physics.They compete when their critical temperatures are close and can give rise to a quantum phase transition that can mimic Majo-rana zero modes.Here,we have fabricated and measured Al-InSb nanowire quantum dot-Al devices.In the Kondo regime,a supercurrent-induced zero-bias conductance peak emerges.This zero-bias peak shows an anomalous negative magnetoresistance(NMR)at weak magnetic fields.We attribute this anomalous NMR to quasiparticle trapping at vortices in the superconductor leads as a weak magnetic field is applied.The trapping effect lowers the quasiparticle-caused dissipation and thus enhances the Josephson current.This work connects the vortex physics and the supercurrent tunneling in Kondo regimes and can help further understand the physics of Josephson quantum dot system.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    A new idea of dipole moments in the tau lepton in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions

    Yu-Gang Ma
    14页
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Spin asymmetry and dipole moments in τ-pair production with ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions

    Dingyu ShaoBin YanShu-Run YuanCheng Zhang...
    15-21页
    查看更多>>摘要：The anomalous magnetic(MDM)and electric(EDM)dipole moments of the r lepton serve as crucial indicators of new physics beyond the standard model.Leveraging azimuthal angular asymmetry as a novel tool in ultraperipheral collisions(UPCs),we attain unparalleled precision in the study of these key properties.Driven by the highly linear polarization of coherent photons,this method uniquely enables both the MDM and EDM to contribute to the cos 2ø angular distribution in similar magnitudes.Impor-tantly,our approach substantially narrows the parameter space,excluding more than half of it compared to expected UPC-based measurements reliant solely on the total cross-section.This method not only provides improved constraints but also minimizes the need for additional theoretical assumptions,and offers a novel avenue to probe the EDM effects.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据

    Exploring new physics in ultra-peripheral heavy ion collisions

    Bo-Wen Xiao
    22页
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Physical neural networks with self-learning capabilities

    Weichao YuHangwen GuoJiang XiaoJian Shen...
    23-42页
    查看更多>>摘要：Physical neural networks are artificial neural networks that mimic synapses and neurons using physical systems or materials.These networks harness the distinctive characteristics of physical systems to carry out computations effectively,potentially sur-passing the constraints of conventional digital neural networks.A recent advancement known as"physical self-learning"aims to achieve learning through intrinsic physical processes rather than relying on external computations.This article offers a compre-hensive review of the progress made in implementing physical self-learning across various physical systems.Prevailing learning strategies that contribute to the realization of physical self-learning are discussed.Despite challenges in understanding the funda-mental mechanism of learning,this work highlights the progress towards constructing intelligent hardware from the ground up,incorporating embedded self-organizing and self-adaptive dynamics in physical systems.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Solving the subset sum problem by the quantum Ising model with variational quantum optimization based on conditional values at risk

    Qilin ZhengMiaomiao YuPingyu ZhuYan Wang...
    43-55页
    查看更多>>摘要：The subset sum problem is a combinatorial optimization problem,and its complexity belongs to the nondeterministic polynomial time complete(NP-Complete)class.This problem is widely used in encryption,planning or scheduling,and integer partitions.An accurate search algorithm with polynomial time complexity has not been found,which makes it challenging to be solved on classical computers.To effectively solve this problem,we translate it into the quantum Ising model and solve it with a variational quantum optimization method based on conditional values at risk.The proposed model needs only n qubits to encode 2n dimen-sional search space,which can effectively save the encoding quantum resources.The model inherits the advantages of variational quantum algorithms and can obtain good performance at shallow circuit depths while being robust to noise,and it is convenient to be deployed in the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum era.We investigate the effects of the scalability,the variational ansatz type,the variational depth,and noise on the model.Moreover,we also discuss the performance of the model under different conditional values at risk.Through computer simulation,the scale can reach more than nine qubits.By selecting the noise type,we construct simulators with different QVs and study the performance of the model with them.In addition,we deploy the model on a superconducting quantum computer of the Origin Quantum Technology Company and successfully solve the subset sum problem.This model provides a new perspective for solving the subset sum problem.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Nonexistence of quantum black and white hole horizons in an improved dynamic approach

    Wen-Cong GanXiao-Mei KuangZhen-Hao YangYungui Gong...
    56-73页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this paper,we study the quantum geometric effects near the locations where classical black hole horizons used to appear in Einstein's classical theory,within the framework of an improved dynamic approach,in which the internal region of a black hole is modeled by the Kantowski-Sachs(KS)spacetime and the two polymerization parameters are functions of the phase space variables.Our detailed analysis shows that the effects are so strong that black and white hole horizons of the effective quantum theory do not exist at all and instead are replaced by transition surfaces,across which the metric coefficients and their inverses are smooth and remain finite,as are the corresponding curvatures,including the Kretschmann scalar.These surfaces always separate trapped regions from anti-trapped regions.The number of such surfaces is infinite,so the corresponding KS spacetimes become geodesically complete,and no black and white hole-like structures exist in this scheme.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Improved Reall-Santos method for AdS black holes in general 4-derivative gravities

    Peng-Ju HuLiang MaHong LüYi Pang...
    74-86页
    查看更多>>摘要：For asymptotically flat black holes,Reall-Santos method is a convenient tool to compute leading higher derivative corrections to the thermodynamic quantities without actually solving the modified field equations.However,there are subtleties in its gen-eralization to asymptotically AdS black holes with general higher derivative corrections.First of all,it is necessary to know all the higher derivative holographic counterterms and the surface terms implementing the variational principle and subtracting the divergence.One then needs to solve for the modified AdS radius and rescale the time coordinate in an appropriate way such that the induced metric on the conformal boundary of AdS black hole is not modified.We observe that Reall-Santos method can be directly applied to a particular 4-derivative gravity model,known as the Einstein-Weyl gravity,which does not modify the AdS radius and requires only the Gibbons-Hawking-York term and holographic counterterms for the 2-derivative theory.We thus suggest that to compute the thermodynamic quantities of AdS black holes in general 4-derivative theories of gravity,one simply needs to transform it to a Einstein-Weyl gravity with identical thermodynamic variables by appropriate field redefinitions.We explicitly verify this proposal with spherically-symmetric and static charged black holes in Einstein-Maxwell theory extended with generic 4-derivative interactions.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普

    Lorentz violation induces isospectrality breaking in Einstein-bumblebee gravity theory

    Wentao LiuXiongjun FangJiliang JingJieci Wang...
    87-96页
    查看更多>>摘要：In this study,we investigate the quasinormal modes(QNMs)of a Lorentz-violating spacetime,factoring in a cosmological constant,within the framework of Einstein-bumblebee gravity.Our findings reveal that the interaction of spacetime with an anisotropic bumblebee field imparts distinct contributions to the axial and polar sectors of the vector perturbations.This subse-quently breaks the isospectrality typically observed in vector modes.Numerical evidence strongly indicates isospectral breaking in the vector modes of Einstein-bumblebee black holes:a pronounced breakage in the real part of the frequencies,while the imaginary component seems less affected.This isospectral breaking indicates the existence of two different waveforms in the Ringdown phase of the black hole,which provides a potential signal of quantum gravity observable in current experiments.
      原文链接:
    • 万方数据
    • 维普