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中华医史杂志
中华医史杂志

李经纬

双月刊

0255-7053

zhonghuayishi@yahoo.com.cn

010-64014411-3217

100700

北京市东直门内南小街16号

中华医史杂志/Journal Chinese Journal of Medical History
查看更多>>1947年创刊，中国科学技术协会主管，中华医学会主办，中国中医科学院中国医史文献研究所承办。本刊是全国唯一的医史学专业学术期刊。创刊初名“医史杂志”，定为季刊。2009年由季刊改为双月刊。本刊设有特载、述评、专家笔谈、医史论著、文献研究、论坛与争鸣、史述、人物、短篇论述、研究生园地、讲座、史料钩沉、医药史话、书刊评介等栏目。所载学术论文大部分为首次报道，反映了中国医学史研究的最新、最高水平。1980年开始被美国Medline网络数据库收录。
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    中医外科“五善七恶”源流考

    李家晗肖永芝王烨燃耿华...
    3-9页
    查看更多>>摘要：五善七恶是一种判断中医外科疾病预后的理论，被诸多中医古籍提及，为历代外科医家重视，但现代文献对其论述较少。五善七恶首见于《太平圣惠方》，其理论源自《灵枢·玉版》中的“逆顺”。五善七恶经过历代医家的发挥，衍生出诸多变体。通过梳理历代医籍对五善七恶的记载，发现主要版本有两大类：一是《太平圣惠方》版及其衍生版（痘疹五善七恶、五善七恶救援法等）；二是《外科正宗》版及其衍生版。 "Wu shan qi e"(five symptoms with good prognosis and seven with poor prognosis)is a theory used to determine the prognosis of external diseases in traditional Chinese medicine which have been mentioned in many ancient Chinese medicine books and have been valued by external doctors throughout history. However, it has been rarely discussed in modern literature. The theory were first seen in the Taiping Shenghui Fang, and the idea was originated from Ni Shun in Lingshu Yuban."Wu shan qi e"have evolved into many variants through the exertion of medical practitioners throughout history. By reviewing medical books of previous dynasties, it was found that there are two main versions: the Taiping Shenghui Fang version and its derivative versions, and the Waike Zhengzong version and its derivative versions.

    五善七恶五善七恶预后理论中医外科

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    龙胆泻肝汤源流探析与经脉解读

    牟东晓武晓冬赵楠琦袁静云...
    10-16页
    查看更多>>摘要：系统梳理历代医书中的龙胆泻肝汤发现，最初《兰室秘藏》所载龙胆泻肝汤主要针对男子前阴臊臭之疾，经过薛己的加减变化使主治范围逐渐泛化扩展，并出现方剂名称、组成和源流混乱的问题，《景岳全书》和《医方集解》在这一问题上表现得较为突出。过往医家多从脏腑角度对该方进行解读，转换视角从经脉角度重新解读，或可更好理解龙胆泻肝汤的主治规律。将前阴的病症归于足厥阴肝经，而将胁痛、耳聋等病症归于足少阳胆经，并根据病情加减用药，既有利于对该方全面与深入的理解以实现临床辨证与用药精准，也可促使现代研究者重新思考经络学说在整个中医理论体系的形成与发展过程中起到的重要作用。 By systematically examing through Longdan Xiegan Decoction in medical books of the past dynasties, it was found that the Longdan Xiegan Decoction recorded in Lan Shi Mi Cang mainly targeted men's genital odor at frist. After Xue Ji's addition and subtraction, the scope of the prescription was gradually generalized and expanded, and confusion its name, composition and source of the prescription appeared, which was particularly prominent in Jingyue Quanshu and Yifang Jijie.Doctors used to interpret this prescription from the perspective of viscera. In order to better understand the main treatment rules of Longdan Xiegan Decoction, it is necessary to change the perspective and reinterpreted it from the perspective of meridians.Attributing the symptoms of the perineum to Liver Meridian of Foot-Jueyin,hypochondriac pain, deafness and other symptoms to the Gallbladder Meridian of Foot-Shaoyang, and adding or subtracting herbs according to the specific conditions, is not only conducive to a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the prescription to achieve accurate clinical syndrome differentiation and medication, but also prompts modern researchers to rethink the important role of meridian theory in the formation and development of the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine.

    龙胆泻肝汤前阴足厥阴肝经足少阳胆经

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    清代医家李守先生平与著作考

    邓超周扬王烨燃田博...
    17-22页
    查看更多>>摘要：李守先，字善述，清代医家。其所著《针灸易学》版本众多，吉林省图书馆所藏嘉庆三年著者自刻本最为精良。《针灸易学》多数内容虽取自《针灸大成》，但经李氏精简及编排，达到了简明易学的目的，流传较广，具有一定的学术价值及文献价值。对李氏生平、家族及其著作进行考证，厘清了《针灸易学》的内容、体例及版本源流，纠正了《中国中医古籍总目》关于本书的版本记录之误。 Li Shouxian, styled as Shanshu, was a medical doctor in the Qing Dynasty. His work Zhenjiu Yixue (Easy Study of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) has numerous versions, with the most refined one being the self-engraved edition from the third year of Jiaqing's reign, housed in the Jilin Province Library. While most content of the book was drawn from Zhenjiu Dacheng (Great Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion), Li's condensation and arrangement of the material achieved the purpose of making it simple and easy to learn. The book has been widely spread and holds certain academic and historical value. This paper makes a textual research on Li's life, family, and his works, clarifies the content, structure and origin of the version of Zhenjiu Yixue and corrects errors in the version records of this book in the General Catalogue of Chinese Ancient Medical Books.

    李守先《针灸易学》《绘图针灸易学》

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    清宫外来药物“昂地莫牛”考

    王刘鲜伊莎张子龙李洋熠...
    23-28页
    查看更多>>摘要：故宫博物馆中现存有一种名为“昂地莫牛”的文物，形似金属，其在清宫档案中作为外来药物频频出现，《寒秀草堂笔记》中称其可以“治疮内脓发散”，宫廷造办处档案中也常有其身影。但“昂地莫牛”究竟为何物，学界目前尚未有研究者对其进行深入考证。通过考察故宫文物、深入调研中外文献，借助语言学的方法，考证“昂地莫牛”及相关物品“厄把昂地莫牛”“昂地莫牛琉璃”“昂地莫牛钟”，明确“昂地莫牛”是金属锑，“厄把昂地莫牛”与“昂地莫牛琉璃”是锑类制剂，“昂地莫牛钟”的医疗用法来源于同时期西方的锑杯。 There is a kind of historical relics called "Angdi moniu" in the Palace Museum, which looks like metal and appears frequently in the archives of the Qing Dynasty as a foreign medicine.It is stated that it can treat sores and pus in the HanXiu CaoTang Biji and it was also found in the archives of the Palace Office. However, no researcher in the academic community has yet conducted an in-depth research of what exactly is it. Through the investigation of cultural relics, in-depth research of Chinese and foreign literature, and the use of linguistic methods, this paper examines "Angdi Moniu" and its related items, and clarifies that "Angdi Moniu" is antimony, related items are antimonials and antimony cup.

    清代宫廷外来药物昂地莫牛名物考证锑

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    《本草纲目》烧酒药用特色探析

    刘志恒高雅石东平曹丽娟...
    29-33页
    查看更多>>摘要：现代的白酒古代称为烧酒，查阅古籍发现明代以前已有烧酒的蒸馏制备工艺，但由于其偏性较大，运用范围受限，药用记载亦较少，而《本草纲目》大量记载其药用。通过对比历代记载烧酒的医籍，发现《本草纲目》首次较为全面地记载烧酒药用的相关认识和运用。书中详列烧酒的致毒之因和辟毒之法，全面阐述其性味功效及主治，列举丰富多样的使用方法，巧妙运用烧酒治疗杨梅毒疮，并开创性提出高浓度的烧酒可作为酒剂的良好溶剂等。《本草纲目》中烧酒的记载对后世医疗用酒产生深远的影响，清代对烧酒的运用不断扩展，药酒种类亦不断丰富。《本草纲目》中烧酒的相关记载亦可为现代白酒的药用提供参考。 Modern Bai Jiu(liquor) was called Shao Jiu in ancient times.By consulting ancient books, it was found that there was a distillation and preparation process of Shao Jiu before the Ming Dynasty, but due to its high toxicity, the scope of application was limited, and there were few records of its medicinal use.However many records of its medicinal use was found in the Compendium of Materia Medica(«本草纲目»).By comparing the medical books that recorded Shao Jiu in previous dynasties, it is found that the Compendium of Materia Medica comprehensively records the relevant cognition and application of the medicinal use of Shao Jiu for the first time. The book lists in detail the causes of the toxicity of Shao Jiu and the methods to avoid it, comprehensively expounds its characteristics, efficacy and indications, lists a variety of ways to use it, skillfully uses Shao Jiu to treat syphilis sores, and proposes that high-concentration Shao Jiu can be used as a solvent for medical liquor.The record of Shao Jiu in the Compendium of Materia Medica had a profound impact on the medical liquor of later generations.The use of Shao Jiu in the Qing Dynasty continued to expand, and the types of medicinal liquor were also constantly enriched. The record of Shao Jiu in theCompendium of Materia Medica can also provide a reference for the medicinal use of modern liquor.

    《本草纲目》烧酒白酒药用特色

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    《本草纲目》木部香木类植物图像考

    杨天琪张诗敏李玉清王烨燃...
    34-44页
    查看更多>>摘要：《本草纲目》作为明代代表性本草著作，书中所附植物图像以另一种形式保留了李时珍对药材基原植物的考证结果，真实反映了明代对药物与植物的认识与利用情况。以书中木部香木类植物图像为例，通过考证图像所绘植物基原，以揭示明代对植物知识与药物性质的认识水平。木部香木类所载的25幅图像中，20幅图像准确描述了植物的叶花及果实等，杉图对植物三尖杉形态细节的表述等均证明了明代对植物形态与药物性质认识处于较高水平。但乌药、阿魏等共5图的错误也说明明代对植物形态的认识仍有局限之处。通过图像考证结果与文字所载药性对比可知，明代对药性的了解程度已然鞭辟着里，对部分植物的药性认识甚至高于对其形态的了解。 As a representative work of materia medica in the Ming Dynasty, the plant images attached toCompendium of Materia Medica retain the results of Li Shizhen's research on the original plants of medicinal materials in another form, which truly reflects the understanding and utilization of herbs in the Ming Dynasty.Taking the image of fragrant plants in Wood section in the book as an example, the original of the plants depicted in the images is examined to reveal the level of understanding of plant knowledge and medicinal properties in the Ming dynasty.Among the 25 images contained in the woody section, 20 images accurately depict the leaves, flowers and fruits of plants, and the description of the morphological details of the plantCephalotaxus fortunei Hook. f. proves a high level of understanding of plant morphology and medicinal properties at the time. However, the errors of a total of 5 diagrams such as Wuyao and A wei also showed limitations. By comparing the results of the image with the medicinal properties contained in the text,it is clear that the level of understanding of medicinal properties is very high in the Ming dynasty, and the understanding of the medicinal properties of some plants is even higher than the understanding of their morphology.

    《本草纲目》植物图像基原考证

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    《中国医学大辞典》与《医籍知津》文本关系考辨

    王瑞顾漫王烨燃郝鸣昭...
    45-50页
    查看更多>>摘要：《中国医学大辞典》是中国第一部中医药综合性辞典，由谢观主编，经上海中医专门学校师生合力编纂数年而成，于1921年由商务印书馆首次出版。1919年，吕思勉入商务印书馆，协助旧友谢观编纂该辞典中的医籍相关内容。同年，吕思勉撰成《医籍知津》一书。近来有学者认为谢观拆解《医籍知津》编入《中国医学大辞典》。通过对二者的对比研究，可知《医籍知津》与《中国医学大辞典》在一些医籍的解说上确实使用了同源材料，但《医籍知津》整体上并未编入《中国医学大辞典》，二者存在承袭关系的观点是不正确的。 Zhongguo Yixue Dacidian(The Dictionary of Chinese Medicine,«中国医学大辞典») is the first comprehensive dictionary of traditional Chinese medicine in China. The dictionary, edited by Xie Guan(谢观)and compiled for several years by the teachers and students of Shanghai Special School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, was first published by The Commercial Press in 1921. In 1919, Lu Simian(吕思勉) joined The Commercial Press to assist Xie Guan who is his old friend in compiling the contents on medical books for the dictionary . In the same year, Lu Simian wrote a book called YiJi ZhiJin(«医籍知津»). Recently, some scholars believe that Xie Guan disassembled YiJi ZhiJin and compiled it into Zhongguo Yixue Dacidian. Through a comparative study of these two, it can be seen that YiJi ZhiJin and Zhongguo Yixue Dacidian do use homologous materials in the interpretation of some medical books, but YiJi ZhiJin as a whole is not compiled into Zhongguo Yixue Dacidian, and the idea of there is a plagiarism relationship between them is incorrect.

    《中国医学大辞典》《医籍知津》谢观吕思勉

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    更正

    50页
    查看更多>>摘要：《中华医史杂志》2023年第53卷第6期发表的《早期中美中药传播和交流史实回顾：17世纪至1848年3个典型历史事件》一文，勘误如下：第323页作者信息中，李皓月、宋坪单位应为“中国中医科学院国际合作处”，相应的英文内容应为“International Cooperation Department，China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences，Beijing 100700，China”；第325页右栏第17行去掉“美国”，第18行“带来”后加“了”，“改变”后加“了”；第326页左栏第4行“并获得”前加“匹尼赫斯特乌龙茶”。
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    具象的“进步”：新中国成立初期的妇幼卫生展览会

    陈红梅李剑王烨燃耿华...
    51-57页
    查看更多>>摘要：新中国成立初期，妇幼卫生展览会曾在全国城乡普遍举办，其形象生动，覆盖面广，直接推动了更具进步意义的新接生方式在全国城乡的普及，在有效保障母婴健康的同时，使人民政权与“进步”紧密联系起来。妇幼卫生展览会的策展目的、策展主体、展出内容与新中国成立初期普遍推行新法接生、无痛分娩、节制生育的政策相关，也部分承载着学习推行苏联“先进医学经验”的使命，最初十年间妇幼卫生展览会的内容因此有着细微的变化。 In the early days of the People's Republic of China, Maternal and Child Health Exhibitions were widely held in urban and rural areas across the country. The vivid image and wide coverage of the Exhibition have directly promoted the popularization of a new and more progressive delivery methods in urban and rural areas across the country. While effectively protecting the health of mothers and children, the people's political power is closely linked to "progress".The purpose, organizer and content of the Maternal and Child Health Exhibition are related to the policies of new methods of midwifery, painless delivery, and birth control in the early days of People's Republic of China.It also partly carried the mission of learning from the Soviet Union to "learn from the advanced medical experience", therefore the content in the first ten years was slightly different.

    新中国妇幼卫生展览会政策进步

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    基于河南地方志的药王庙研究

    何佳禹何静张思思王烨燃...
    58-61页
    查看更多>>摘要：梳理中国数字方志库、中国方志库地方志资料，发现河南共有450种地方志，其中45种载有药王庙。据45种地方志可知，河南25个县（市）共修建了35处药王庙，多分布在河南的西部、北部、南部，尤以西部最多。其中8处药王庙记载了修建时间，修建时间上至明朝下至民国，但大多修建于清朝时期。8处记述了建造人员，多为政府地方官员。3处记述了供奉的人物，分别为岐伯、华佗、扁鹊、孙思邈、韦慈藏，其中2处皆供奉孙思邈。各县市的药王庙建筑格局差异较大，从三进院落到天然石洞不等。地方志中载有药王的各式传说故事，是药王信仰在民间流传的具体体现，药王信仰不仅体现着世人对健康的渴求，也有祈求风调雨顺之意。 By looking up the local chronicles of the China Digital Chronicles Database and the China Chronicles Database, it was found that there are 450 kinds of local chronicles in Henan, of which 45 contain Yaowang Temple.According to these 45 kinds of local Chronicles, it can be seen that a total of 35 Yaowang temples were built in 25 counties (cities) of Henan, mostly distributed in the west, north and south of Henan, especially in the west. Among them, eight Yaowang temples recorded the construction time, from the Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China, but most of them were built in the Qing Dynasty. There are records of the builders of the 8 Yaowang Temples, most of whom were local government officials. Qi Bo, Hua Tuo, Bian Que, Sun Simiao and Wei Cizang were recorded as Yaowang in three places, and Sun Simiao was enshrined in two of them. The architectural pattern of Yaowang Temple varies greatly from three courtyards to natural caves. Local chronicles contain all kinds of legends and stories about the Yaowang, which is a concrete embodiment of the belief in Yaowang. The belief in Yaowang not only carries people's thirst for health, but also prays for good weather.

    医药卫生文物医药卫生遗迹遗址中医药祠庙药王药王庙

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