Three Transformations of Essence of Human Beings Based on Human Sociality:From Aristotle,Feuerbach to Marx——On Marx's Transcendence over Aristotle and Feuerbach
As the founder of essentialism of human sociality,Aristotle rendered the well-known proposition that'hu-man beings are an innately political animal'.Feuerbach,who was the last representative of German classical philos-ophy,noted the limitations of Aristotle's essentialism which featured an idealist outlook on social history and a class stance of slave society,and pointed out that human nature related itself to groups and the unity among people with social environment and background of the times at the core.Feuerbach's limitations of abstractness and one-sided-ness on humanism ensued from his less in-depth analysis of social relationships and social modes of production.Ma-rx had noticed the limitations in Aristotle's proposition that humans were an innately political animal and in Feuer-bach's claim that humans were a product of environments and the times.With an in-depth analysis of social rela-tionships and social modes of production,Marx based human nature on practice and proposed that human beings were an aggregation of all social relationships,which triggered a fundamental change in human nature exploration endeavors based on human sociality in western philosophy history.
human socialityessence of human beingsAristotleFeuerbachMarx
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