A composite cementitious material is prepared with steel slag,fly ash and desulfurized gypsum as main raw materials,NaOH and sodium silicate as alkali-activator. The effects of the modulus of alkali-activator and the ratio of raw materials on the mechanical properties of the composite material were studied,and the hydration mechanism was analyzed by using the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that when the addition of desulfurized gypsum is 10%,the fly ash to steel slag ratio is 1:1,and the modulus of alkali-activator is 1.25,the composite has maximum flexural and compressive strengths,5.65 MPa and 20.40 MPa,respectively,XRD and SEM test results show that with the above mix ratio,the consumption of quartz is the largest,the raw material is fully hydrated,and a large amount of hydrated C-A-S-H gel wrapped ettringite is produced,with dense structure.