摘要
本研究以大红泡、黑莓和掌叶覆盆子3种树莓品种为试材,测定其不同发育时期(花期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ),不同时间段(8:30、10:30、12:30、14:30和16:30),不同干燥条件(自然干燥法和硅胶干燥法)及不同贮藏条件(4和20℃)下的花粉活力,同时测定树莓花粉不同发育时期的柱头可授性,以筛选出适宜的花粉采集、处理时间及贮藏条件.结果表明,树莓最佳花粉采集期为花期Ⅲ,杂交的最佳授粉期为花期Ⅲ,最佳去雄期为花期Ⅰ和Ⅱ;正午间树莓花粉活力均有所下降,最佳采粉时间段是12:30-14:30;硅胶干燥24 h处理后其花粉活力保存较佳;大红泡、黑莓和掌叶覆盆子含水量分别为20.59%、14.67%和15.36%时耐贮藏性较好,在-20℃贮藏条件下能贮藏90 d.研究结果为树莓杂交育种工作提供参考.
Abstract
In this study,3 species of raspberry were used as test materials,such as Rubus eustephanus Focke ex Diels,Rubus fruticosus Pollich,and Rubus chingii Hu.Pollen viability at different development stages(flowering stage I,II,III,IV),different time periods(8:30,10:30,12:30,14:30,16:30),different drying conditions(natural drying method and silica gel drying method),and different storage conditions(4 and 20℃)were measured.The stigma receptivity of raspberry pollen at different developmental stages was determined.To screen out the appropriate pollen collection,treatment time,and storage conditions.The results showed that the best pollen collection period of raspberry was flowering stage Ⅲ,the best pollination period of hybridization was flowering stage Ⅲ,and the best emasculation period was flowering stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ.The pollen activity of raspberry decreased at noon,and the best time period was 12:30-14:30.The pollen viability of silica gel was better preserved after drying for 24 h.When the water content of Rubus eustephanus Focke ex Diels,Rubus fruticosus Pollich,and Rubus chingii Hu was 20.59%,14.67%and 15.36%,respectively,the storage resistance was better,and could be stored for 90 days at-20℃.The results provide a reference for the work of hybridization and breeding of raspberry.
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