Objective:To investigate the effect of BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation in the teaching of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in anesthesiology. Methods:A total of 50 residents in anesthesiology training (residency training) from October 2021 to October 2022 were selected as research objects, and they were randomly divided into scenario simulation group and combined teaching group with 25 residents in each group. The residents in the scenario simulation group received scenario simulation teaching, while the residents in the combined teaching group received BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation teaching. After the teaching, theoretical knowledge tests were conducted, and anonymous questionnaires were used to collect data on satisfaction, teacher-student interaction, learning initiative, analytical ability, clinical thinking ability, and self-learning ability. The evaluation criteria were based on the Likert scoring system. Results:The comparison of theoretical and skill scores showed that the combined teaching group was higher than the scenario simulation group (P<0.05). The satisfaction, teacher-student interaction, learning initiative, analytical ability, clinical thinking ability, and self-learning ability of the residents in the combined teaching group were higher than those in the scenario simulation group (P<0.05). Conclusion:The use of BOPPPS combined with scenario simulation teaching in the training of anesthesiology residents can effectively stimulate the interest of anesthesiology residents in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, improve their problem-solving ability and clinical analytical ability, and enhance the teaching effect of anesthesiology.