首页|武汉大学校园流浪猫行为生态学初步研究

武汉大学校园流浪猫行为生态学初步研究

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随着宠物猫在人们生活中越来越普及,流浪猫的问题也日渐突显;它们可能携带多种人畜共患寄生虫,对本地生态系统造成干扰,并带来公共安全隐患.因此,开展流浪猫的调查,并制定相应的管理措施,对于缓解这一问题显得尤为重要.2021年9月——2022年12月,采用样线法对武汉大学校园地区流浪猫进行了种群调查,根据重捕法及其模型估算种群规模;通过定位项圈跟踪20只流浪猫,确定它们的家域范围;基于流浪猫的社交亲人行为等级,对流浪猫的行为差异进行了分析.结果显示,武汉大学的流浪猫密度约为1只/hm2,绝育率较低,校园流浪猫的家域范围为(4.99±0.84)hm2;校园流浪猫85%的时间都在喂食点半径100 m以内活动,且喂食点密度越高,流浪猫的活动范围越小;在不同性别上,雄性流浪猫的活动范围大于雌性,而绝育与否不影响其活动范围;在社交亲人行为方面,校园流浪猫社交亲人性高于一般的流浪猫,即分布在城市和乡村中的流浪猫,随着喂食点密度增加,其社交亲人等级随之升高.研究表明,武汉大学校园流浪猫数量较多,绝育率低,家域范围小,且主要分布在喂食点附近.此外,喂食点密度对流浪猫的日常行为有显著影响:喂食点的增加会导致流浪猫的家域范围缩小,社交亲人等级升高.提出的管控建议为:①控制校园流浪猫数量,主要方法包括:监管遗弃流浪猫行为,倡导对校园流浪猫绝育后的领养;②设置集中喂食点,提高部分区域的喂食点密度,降低流浪猫家域范围并提高其社交亲人等级,减少其余区域的喂食点以保护野生动物.本研究结果为校园流浪猫的管理提供了数据和理论支持.
A preliminary study on behavioral ecology of free-ranging cats on Wuhan University campus
As pet cats become increasingly popular in our lives,the challenge posed by free-ranging cats has become more prominent.These cats may carry various zoonotic parasites,causing disturbance to the local ecosystem and poing public safety risks.Consequently,it is crucial to undertake studies on free-ranging cats and develop appropriate manage-ment strategies to address this growing concern.From September 2021 to December 2022,a comprehensive survey of the free-ranging cat population on the Wuhan University campus was carried out using the line transect method,estimat-ing cat numbers through the capture-mark-recapture approach.Twenty free-ranging cats were tracked with positioning col-lars to determine their home ranges.The socialization levels were categorized following their observed behaviors.The findings revealed a density of approximately 1 cat per hectare on the Wuhan University campus,coupled with a low rate of neutering.The home range of free-ranging cats on campus is 4.99±0.84 hm2,and 85%of their time is spent within a 100-m radius of feeding locations.The higher the density of feeding point,the smailer their activity range.Examining gender differences,male cats exhibited a larger activity range than females,with neutering showing no discernible effect on activity range.In terms of socialization behavior,the campus free-ranging cats demonstrated higher socialization levels to humans compared to their non-campus counterparts.As the density of feeding locations increased,the socialization behaviors in free-ranging cats also increased.This study highlighted that there are a large number of free-ranging cats on the campus,with a low neutering rate and a small home range,maily distributed near feeding locations.The density of feeding locations signifi-cantly influences the daily behavior of free-ranging cats:an increase in feeding points can lead to a reduction of the home range and an increase in socialization levels.Recommendations for control measures include:① regulating the population of free-ranging cats on campus by implementing measures to control abandonment,and actively promote adoption after neu-tering of these cats;② establishing centralized feeding locations and increasing feeding point density in designated areas to limit the home range of free-ranging cats,and decreasing feeding locations in the remaining areas to safeguard wildlife.This study offers new empirical data and theoretical insights for the management of campus free-ranging cats.

free-ranging cathome rangesocialization behaviorpopulation survey

夏璿评、赵华斌

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武汉大学生命科学学院,湖北武汉 430072

流浪猫 家域范围 社交亲人行为 种群调查

2024

生物资源
武汉大学,武汉市科学技术情报研究所

生物资源

CSTPCD
影响因子:0.485
ISSN:1006-8376
年,卷(期):2024.46(2)
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