摘要
对西藏雅鲁藏布江中上游黑斑原鮡(Glyptosternum maculatum)种群遗传多样性的解析可为黑斑原鮡的保护和人工选育提供理论依据,以雅鲁藏布江中上游黑斑原鮡种群为研究对象,通过对其线粒体细胞色素b(cytochrome b,Cyt b)和控制区(D-loop区)基因序列进行扩增和测序,分析了黑斑原鮡的线粒体序列特征与其种群遗传多样性的关联.结果显示:黑斑原鮡Cyt b基因序列长度为1 138 bp,(A+T)含量(59.5％)高于(C+G)含量(40.5％);检测到突变位点32个,其中单突变位点26个,简约信息位点6个;共检测到21个单倍型,其中单倍型Hap1个体数最多,占总检测个体数的69.44％;种群单倍型多样性(Hd)为(0.509±0.050),核苷酸多样性(Pi)为(0.000 71±0.000 11),Tajima's D中性检验值为-2.532 91,中性检验结果显示(P＜0.001)极显著负值.结果还显示:D-loop区基因序列长度为893 bp,(A+T)含量(64.31％)高于(C+G)含量(35.69％);共检测到突变位点35个,包括单突变位点21个,简约信息位点14个;检测到23个单倍型,Hd为(0.701±0.028),P,为(0.001 67±0.000 28),单倍型Hap 1和Hap 3的个体数较多,分别占45.14％和30.56％;D-loop基因Tajima's D中性检验值为-2.366 38,中性检验结果显示(P＜0.01)极显著负值,表明该群体经历过种群扩张.黑斑原鮡种群的Cyt b和D-loop区基因适合进行黑斑原鮡的种内遗传分析,且D-loop区基因更具有进化优势,其种群的遗传多样性较低,对黑斑原鮡遗传育种与保护具有一定的参考价值.
Abstract
The analysis of the genetic diversity of Glyptosternum maculatum in the middle and upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River in Xizang can provide theoretical basis for its conservation and artificial breeding,the cytochrome b(Cyt b)gene and D-loop region sequences were amplified and sequenced to analyze the correlation between its mitochon-drial sequence characteristics and the genetic diversity of the population.The findings revealed that:the Cyt b gene se-quence length was 1 138 bp,with a higher A+T content(59.5％)compared to C+G(40.5％);32 mutation sites were identified,including 26 single mutation sites and 6 simplified information sites;a total of 21 haplotypes were identified,with Hap 1 having the highest number of individuals(69.44％);population haplotype diversity(Hd)was measured to be 0.509±0.050,nucleotide diversity(Pi)was 0.000 71±0.000 11,and Tajima's D neutral test value was-2.532 91(P＜0.001).The findings also revealed that:the D-loop sequence was 893 bp long,with a higher A+T content(64.31％)than C+G(35.69％);35 mutation sites were detected,including 21 single mutation sites and 14 simplified information sites;23 haplotypes were identified,Hd was 0.701±0.028,Pi was 0.001 67±0.000 28,haplotypes Hap 1 and Hap 3 were more prevalent(45.14％and 30.56％respectively);Tajima's D neutral test value for the D-loop gene was-2.366 38,indicating extremely significant negative values(P＜0.01)and suggesting population expansion in this popu-lation.The Cyt b gene and D-loop region sequence of the population are suitable for intraspecific genetic analysis,and the D-loop region has more evolutionary advantages.The genetic diversity of the population is relatively low,which has cer-tain reference value for the genetic breeding and protection of G.maculatum.
维普
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