首页|幼儿园疏散风险特征及云模型评估方法研究

幼儿园疏散风险特征及云模型评估方法研究

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为准确评估紧急情况下幼儿园疏散安全风险,依据幼儿园建筑结构特点和幼儿疏散特性,从人、物、环境、管理4个方面综合分析,建立疏散安全评估指标体系;采用层次分析法与变异系数法构建综合评估云模型,并利用模型评估湖南省某幼儿园的疏散安全风险.研究结果表明:影响幼儿园安全疏散权重占比较大的因素为应急疏散设施、建筑水平交通、教学管理人员等;该幼儿园总体应急疏散水平为"良",建筑空间布局、消防广播系统、教师队伍建设等方面存在薄弱环节;综合评估云模型能体现评估过程的随机性和模糊性,可相对准确地评估幼儿园安全疏散风险水平.该方法为全面准确评估幼儿园疏散安全风险提供了新思路.
Study on Characteristics and Cloud Model Assessment Method for Kindergarten Evacuation Risk
In order to accurately assess the evacuation safety risk of kindergartens in emergencies,based on the characteristics of the kindergarten building structure and the evacuation characteristics of young children,the evacuation safety assessment index system was established by comprehensively analyzing four aspects of people,objects,environment and management.Hierarchical analysis method and variation coefficient method were used to build a comprehensive assessment cloud model,and the cloud model was used to assess the evacuation safety risk of a kindergarten in Hunan Province.The results show that the factors occupying a larger proportion in affecting the evacuation safety weight in kindergartens are emergency evacuation facilities,building level,transportation,teaching management personnel,etc.;that the overall emergency evacuation level in this kindergarten is"good",and there are weaknesses in building space layout,fire broadcasting system,and teachers'team construction;and that the comprehensive assessment cloud model can reflect the randomness and fuzzy nature of the as-sessment process and relative accurately assess the risk level of the kindergarten evacuation.The method provides a new idea for comprehensively and accurately assessing the evacuation safety risk of kindergartens.

kindergarten evacuationcombination weightingcloud modelrisk assessment

杨立兵、杨虎、代政、张俊

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湖南理工学院土木建筑工程学院,湖南岳阳 414006

湖北省烟草公司荆州市公司安全管理部,湖北荆州 434000

中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室,安徽合肥 230026

幼儿园疏散 组合赋权 云模型 风险评估

国家自然科学基金面上项目国家自然科学基金-中国民用航空总局联合资助项目湖南省自然科学基金

72174189U19331052021JJ30301

2024

安全
北京市劳动保护科学研究所 中国职业安全健康协会

安全

影响因子:0.186
ISSN:1002-3631
年,卷(期):2024.45(4)
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