首页|2008年汶川和2013年芦山地震触发滑坡全景回顾与比较分析

2008年汶川和2013年芦山地震触发滑坡全景回顾与比较分析

扫码查看
为给地震触发滑坡的防灾减灾救灾工作提供支持,需全面掌握地震同震滑坡的发育与分布特征.基于文献调研、高分辨率卫星影像与超高分辨率无人机航空影像目视解译,结合野外调查验证,以 2008 年汶川和 2013 年芦山 2 次地震触发的滑坡为例,介绍典型滑坡、同震滑坡数据库、滑坡分布规律等的研究情况.结果表明:汶川地震触发的滑坡数量多、分布面积广、规模大、危害严重,芦山地震触发滑坡的数量约是汶川地震的 1/9,面积约是 1/60,体积约是 1/150,分布面积约是 1/20;这 2 次地震的标量地震矩比率与同震滑坡发育程度比率大体相当,表明这 2 次地震触发滑坡差异的原因主要来自地震释放能量的差异;这 2 次地震触发滑坡的空间分布均呈现椭圆形展布的形态,且长轴与地震发震构造走向一致;同时,总结了汶川地震地壳抬升与同震滑坡导致震区地形变化的研究结果.
Panoramic Review and Comparative Analysis of Landslides Triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake and the 2013 Lushan Earthquake
In order to support disaster prevention,mitigation,and relief efforts for earthquake-triggered landslides,it is es-sential to thoroughly understand the development and distribution characteristics of co-seismic landslides.Based on a literature review,and the visual interpretation of high-resolution satellite images and ultra-high-resolution UAV aerial ima-ges,combined with the field investigation validation,landslides triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan earth-quakes were taken as examples,research findings on typical landslides,co-seismic landslide databases,and landslide distri-bution rules were introduced.The results show that the landslides triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake present features of large amounts,wide areas,large scales and severe impacts;that the landslides triggered by the Lushan earthquake are about 1/9 of the number,1/60 of the area,1/150 of the volume,and 1/20 of the distribution area compared to those triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake;that the ratio of the scalar seismic moment is roughly equal to the ratio of the co-seismic landslide development degree for both earthquakes,indicating that the differences in landslides triggered by the two earthquakes are primarily due to variations in the energy release;and that the spatial distribution of landslides triggered by both earthquakes presents an elliptical pattern,with the long axis aligning with the fault rupture direction.Additionally,the findings on topo-graphic changes in the seismic area caused by the crustal uplift and co-seismic landslides during the Wenchuan earthquake were summarized.

Longmenshan regionWenchuan earthquakeLushan earthquakelandslidecomparison

许冲

展开 >

应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,北京 100085

复合链生自然灾害动力学应急管理部重点实验室,北京 100085

龙门山地区 汶川地震 芦山地震 滑坡 比较

"十四五"国家重点研发计划应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院基本科研业务专项

2021YFB39012052023-JBKY-57

2024

安全
北京市劳动保护科学研究所 中国职业安全健康协会

安全

影响因子:0.186
ISSN:1002-3631
年,卷(期):2024.45(9)
  • 20