基于气体等熵喷射过程和绝热变化过程分析氢气泄漏的热力学过程，建立理想气体状态方程、Abel-Noble状态方程和基于 NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology)的真实气体状态方程的计算模型，利用MATLAB对稳态/非稳态泄漏过程进行计算。结果显示，建立的稳态泄漏模型能够精确计算泄漏口处的相关参数，在保证计算精度的前提下与数值模拟相比，误差可以忽略不计;非稳态泄漏模型中，与基于理想气体状态方程和Abel-Noble状态方程相比，基于NIST的真实气体状态方程误差更小;非稳态泄漏过程中，罐内气体温度高于理论预测值，泄漏质量流量小于理论预测值。真实气体模型在一定程度上体现了热力学模型的局限性，但与数值模拟等计算方法相比，该模型计算更加快捷精准，对实际气体泄漏事故的预测具有理论指导意义。
New method for calculating gas parameters in high pressure hydrogen leakage process
In the context of low carbonization of energy,hydrogen as a clean energy has become the most promising energy carrier.At present,the pressure of the vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder can reach 70 Mpa,and the pressure of some equipment in the hydrogen refueling station is as high as 90 Mpa.Under high pressure,hydrogen deviates from the ideal gas state,so it is necessary to calculate the physical parameters suitable for high-pressure hydrogen.In this paper,the thermodynamic process of hydrogen leakage is analyzed based on the gas isentropic injection process and the adiabatic change process.The calculation model of the real gas state equation is established by using the NIST database.By calling the real data in the NIST database,the change process of hydrogen physical parameters is closer to the real gas.Matlab is used to calculate the gas physical parameters in the tank and the leakage port during the steady/unsteady leakage process of hydrogen.In addition,a calculation model based on the ideal gas state equation and the Abel-Noble state equation is established for comparison.The results show that the steady-state leakage model established in this paper can accurately calculate the relevant parameters at the leakage port,and the error with numerical simulation and experimental data can be ignored.Compared with software such as Fluent and OpenFOAM,the calculation process is greatly simplified and the calculation efficiency is improved on the basis of ensuring the accuracy of the results.For unsteady leakage conditions,compared with the calculation model based on the ideal gas state equation and the Abel-Noble state equation,the error between the real gas state equation based on NIST and the experimental data is smaller,and the calculation accuracy is improved to a certain extent.In addition,we also find that in the unsteady leakage process,the gas temperature in the tank is higher than the theoretical prediction value,and the leakage mass flow is less than the theoretical prediction value,which reflects that the thermodynamic model of the leakage process has certain limitations,but it still has theoretical guiding significance for the prediction of actual gas leakage accidents.
safety engineeringhydrogen leakageideal gas state modelAbel-Noble equation of statereal gas modelMATLAB
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
维普
