为了提高建筑施工安全风险管理的信息化水平，以建筑施工活动及事故风险类型为研究对象，建立施工安全知识图谱。通过知识图谱改进作业条件危险性评价法(LEC)实现安全风险的定量计算，并基于知识图谱进行风险位置识别和不安全因素分析。研究提出安全风险虚体实化理念，实现了安全风险信息在数字空间实体化表达;基于建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling，BIM)和知识图谱技术，建立了建筑施工安全风险信息模型(Building Construction Safety Risk Information Model，BCSRIM)。该模型有效避免了传统LEC法中主观因素产生的影响，实现了建筑施工安全风险定量计算、风险位置识别、风险分析及可视化管理。利用Revit二次开发技术，在Microsoft Visual Studio中使用C#语言连接Neo4j图数据库，完成了基于知识图谱的BCSRIM的开发。试验显示，研究提出的BCSRIM对提高施工现场的管理水平具有较高的实用价值。
Quantification and analysis of building construction safety risks based on knowledge graph
To improve the informatization level of construction safety risk management in construction projects,this paper takes the construction activities and accident risk types of construction projects as the research object.First of all,by collating and analyzing the accident investigation reports issued by the people's governments at county and city levels and the Emergency Management Bureau,we extract key entity elements such as risk types,construction locations,construction activities,insecurity factors,casualties,etc.,from the accident investigation reports and establish the construction safety Knowledge Graph.Then,the construction safety knowledge graph is used to calculate the frequency of different construction activities and risk types and the severity of accidents,thus improving the LEC method to realize a quantitative calculation of safety risks.Based on the node correlation relationship of the knowledge graph,it is used for the inference of risk location and the analysis of unsafe factors.This paper proposes the concept of safety risk virtual entity materialization,which expresses the dispersed digital information in each stage of the construction process in the form of materialized components in the BIM model,and associates the process information of the materialized nodes with the temporal attributes to realize materialized management in the digital space.Furthermore,the paper establishes the Building Construction Safety Risk Information Model(BCSRIM)based on the Building Information Model(BIM)and Knowledge Graph technology.It effectively avoids the influence of subjective factors in the traditional LEC method and realizes the quantitative calculation of building construction safety risks,risk location identification,risk analysis,and visualization management.Utilizing Revit secondary development technology,we use the C#language in Microsoft Visual Studio to connect to the Neo4j graph database through the neo4j.driver interface to complete the development of BCSRIM based on the knowledge graph.The experiments show that the BCSRIM proposed in this paper has high practical value for improving the management level of the construction sites.
safety engineeringknowledge graphLEC methodsafety risk analysisvirtual entity materializationBuilding Construction Safety Risk Information Model(BCSRIM)
万方数据
维普
