Advancements in investigating crack propagation in pipeline steel base metal and welded joints exposed to hydrogen-blended natural gas
Hydrogen-mixed transportation of natural gas pipelines offers an effective solution for large-scale hydrogen transportation.However,both the base metal and weld metal of pipelines are susceptible to premature failure due to hydrogen embrittlement resulting from hydrogen penetration.Firstly,this article summarizes the progress of experimental research on crack propagation in steel bodies and weld areas,primarily analyzing he effects of hydrogen partial pressure,loading frequency,microscopic metallographic structure,and residual stress on crack propagation.Secondly,based on the mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement,the article elucidates the influence mechanism of hydrogen atoms at different stages of crack propagation in steel.Then,it summarizes the prediction models for material crack propagation,focusing on the Cohesion Zone Model(CZM),phase field theory,and the phenomenological model.Additionally,it compares and analyzes the characteristics and deficiencies of the existing models.In addition,the application of numerical simulation techniques,such as molecular dynamics simulation and the finite element method,in the field of crack propagation research for hydrogen-mixed steel was also discussed.Finally,the article compares the safety management requirements for the base metal and weld metal of natural gas pipelines during hydrogen-mixed transportation,and analyzes the limitations of experimental,theoretical,and numerical simulation research in predicting and preventing pipeline crack propagation.It shed light on the opportunities and challenges of future research,presenting a collaborative approach that integrates experimental,theoretical,and simulation methods.This approach serves as a reference for ensuring the safety of hydrogen-mixed natural gas pipeline operations throughout their lifecycle.Moving forward,it will be imperative to develop a standardized macroscopic mechanical experimental process for assessing hydrogen permeation compatibility.Additionally,conducting multi-scale and multi-dimensional collaborative characterization experiments on the damage and fracture behavior of pipeline steel in a hydrogen-rich environment will be crucial.Additionally,numerical simulations should be performed to analyze hydrogen damage processes in the hydrogen-doped pipeline body and welds,taking into account metallurgical defects.Furthermore,it is essential to establish a crack propagation model with clear physical significance of parameters and a more straightforward form to accurately predict the crack propagation rate and the service life of the pipeline.
safety engineeringhydrogen-doped natural gashydrogen embrittlementcrack propagationhydrogen and material compatibility
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