在暴雨作用下,大型城市极易发生内涝.基于内涝易发性和脆弱性两方面,选取年均降雨量、坡度、高程及人口密度等12项评价指标,将模糊层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)与逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)进行组合,构建了城市内涝风险评估体系.以长沙市核心城区为例,进行了内涝风险评价,并利用历史内涝点数据进行了验证.内涝易发性评价结果显示,研究区内高和中内涝易发性区域分别占总面积的12.63％和29.52％,主要位于城市中部和东南部,其中芙蓉区有45.50％的区域内涝易发性高,内涝问题最为突出.此外,研究发现195个历史内涝点分别有36.41％位于高内涝易发区,45.13％位于中内涝易发区.暴雨降雨量、高程和坡度是内涝发生的最重要的3个影响因子.在考虑建筑密度、敏感性基础设施与人口密度等脆弱性指标后,研究区内涝高风险区域占总面积的12.2％,主要位于雨花区及岳麓区等人口和建筑密度较大的老城区.内涝风险评估是提升城市韧性的重要内容之一,研究可为城市内涝防灾减灾以及韧性城市的建设提供决策参考.
Application of the coupled Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS model in the assessment of urban flooding risk under rainstorm
In megacities,heavy rainfall often leads to urban waterlogging.To assess flooding risk,we developed a system based on factors such as flooding susceptibility and vulnerability.Key indicators included average annual rainstorm rainfall,proximity to rivers,flow accumulation,slope,Digital Elevation Model(DEM),land use type,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),road density,building density,distance to the nearest school,distance to the nearest hospital,and population density.This study presents a combined approach utilizing the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process(Fuzzy AHP)and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)to develop an urban flooding risk assessment system.Using the core urban area of Changsha City as a case study,we conducted a flooding risk assessment and validated it against historical flooding events.The results revealed that areas classified as having high and moderate susceptibility constituted 12.63％and 29.52％of the total area,respectively,with these zones primarily located in the central and southeastern regions of the city.45.50％of Furong District exhibited high susceptibility,making it the most prominent area with flood issues.Validation results indicated that 36.41％of the 195 historical flooding events occurred in high-susceptibility areas,and 45.13％took place in moderate-susceptibility areas.Rainstorm rainfall,elevation,and slope are the three primary factors influencing the occurrence of flooding.When incorporating vulnerability indicators such as building density,sensitive infrastructure,and population density,high flooding risk areas in the study region comprise 12.2％of the total area.These areas are predominantly located in older urban districts with high population and building density,such as Yuhua and Yuelu.Flooding risk assessment is a crucial element in enhancing urban resilience.The findings of this paper not only offer valuable insights for urban disaster prevention and mitigation but also present innovative ideas for the development of resilient cities.
public safetyurban floodingrisk assessmentanalytic hierarchy processtechnique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution
万方数据
维普
