为直观了解国内外应急疏散研究现状和发展趋势,分别以1965-2023年Web of Science核心库和1986-2023年中国知网数据库中该领域共6 317篇相关文献为基础,综合利用文献计量学、内容分析法和钻孔分析法对相关文献进行分析.结果表明:应急疏散研究受相关政策和紧急事件的影响引起政府和学者们的广泛关注,年发文量呈上升趋势;现阶段我国应急疏散研究形成了多种不同形式的合作网络,主要集中于各综合类高校,在未来各研究机构应当利用各自优势进行合作;根据国内外应急疏散的关键词和聚类分析,当前应急疏散研究主要集中在灾害与突发事件应急管理、人群疏散行为研究和基于传统模型与多种算法的疏散模拟仿真模型研究.未来应急疏散研究应聚焦于拓展多样化的灾害背景;将基于韧性理念的应急管理落实到具体的应急疏散规划中,构建一个多层次应急疏散系统;同时应积极研发并应用具备高针对性的新技术、新算法、新模型,以科技赋能应急疏散管理.
Review of advances in emergency evacuation research
To intuitively understand the current research status and development trends of emergency evacuation both domestically and internationally,this paper conducted a search in the Web of Science(WOS)core database using"emergency evacuation"as the keyword.After filtering out irrelevant literature,a total of 4 650 valid documents were obtained,covering the period from 1965 to 2023.Similarly,a search was conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)using various translations of"emergency evacuation"as the subject.After filtering out irrelevant literature,we obtained 1 667 usable documents published between 1986 and 2023.The data were visualized using CiteSpace,allowing for an analysis of the annual publication trends,collaborating countries and institutions,highly cited literature,and keywords.Additionally,this paper employs bibliometrics,content analysis,and drilling method analysis to conduct a deeper examination of the relevant literature.The findings reveal that research on emergency evacuation is influenced by relevant policies and emergency events,garnering attention from both government entities and scholars.Furthermore,the annual publication volume is increasing,and the content is becoming more diverse.At this stage,China holds the largest share of global publications in emergency evacuation research,followed by the United States,the United Kingdom,and Japan.Research institutions are primarily concentrated in several comprehensive research institutes and universities,including Tsinghua University,Chinese Academy of Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,University of California system,and Texas A&M University system.Currently,various forms of collaboration networks have emerged in China,including K-core type,star-bus type,and star type.In the future,each research institution should leverage its unique strengths to foster cooperation.An analysis of keywords and their bursts related to emergency evacuation—both domestically and internationally—reveals that international research primarily focuses on areas such as model simulation,evacuation behavior,crowd dynamics,and emergency management,including risk management and emergency response.In contrast,domestic research tends to center around topics like fires,subways,emergency lighting,path planning,and simulation.Based on a cluster analysis of emergency evacuation research,both domestically and internationally,current studies primarily concentrate on three main areas:emergency management for disasters and sudden incidents,investigations into crowd evacuation behavior,and the development of evacuation simulation models that incorporate traditional frameworks as well as various algorithms.Based on the content analysis and summary presented above,future research trends are anticipated to focus on several key areas:expanding the research context to encompass a wider range of disasters;implementing emergency management strategies rooted in resilience concepts tailored to specific evacuation planning;developing a multi-level emergency evacuation system that enhances coordination and response speed across all levels;and leveraging advanced intelligent technologies to acquire data on crowd evacuation behaviors,facilitating in-depth research and development of targeted evacuation models,algorithms,and software.The findings of this study will offer new insights for subsequent research endeavors.
public safetyemergency managementemergency evacuationbibliometricsknowledge map
万方数据
维普
