Objective To investigate the application effect of interventional embolization of polyvinyl alcohol-loaded microspheres in patients with primary liver cancer.Method A total of 182 patients with primary liver cancer were divid-ed into control group(n=87,conventional embolization treatment)and experimental group(n=95,polyvinyl alcohol-load-ed microspheres interventional embolization treatment)according to different treatment methods,and the clinical effica-cy,serum indexes[a-fetoprotein(AFP),total bilirubin(TBIL),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)],incidence of adverse re-actions and survival were compared between the two groups.Result At 3 months after treatment,the AFP,TBIL and ALT levels in two groups were lower than those before treatment,the AFP,TBIL and ALT levels in experimental group were lower than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The objective response rate and 1-year survival rate in experimental group were higher than those in control group,the incidence of grade 1 as-ymptomatic or mild signs was higher than that in control group,the incidence of grade 3 and 4 adverse reactions were lower than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Interventional embolization of polyvinyl alcohol-loaded microspheres has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of primary liver cancer,with less adverse reactions and damage to liver tissue.It can effectively reduce the level of serum AFP and improve the survival rate of patients.