Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of microwave ablation assisted hepatectomy in the treatment of patients with primary liver cancer.Method According to different treatment methods,60 patients with primary liver can-cer were divided into hepatectomy group(n=30,traditional hepatectomy)and ablation group(n=30,microwave ablation assisted hepatectomy).The operation related indexes,liver function indexes[alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),albumin(ALB)],complications and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Result The intraoperative blood loss in ablation group was significantly less than that in hepatectomy group,the blood transfu-sion rate was significantly lower than that in hepatectomy group,and the operation time and postoperative hospital stay were significantly shorter than those in hepatectomy group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).One month after surgery,the ALT and AST levels in both groups were higher than those before surgery,the ALB levels were lower than those before surgery,the ALT and AST levels in ablation group were lower than those in hepatectomy group,the ALB level was higher than that in hepatectomy group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the total incidence of complications between the two groups(P>0.05).The 1-year survival rate in ablation group was higher than that in hepatectomy group,and the 1-year recurrence rate was lower than that in hepatectomy group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with traditional hepatectomy,microwave ablation assisted hepatectomy in the treatment of primary liver cancer patients can re-duce intraoperative blood loss,shorten postoperative hospital stay,improve patient prognosis,have less impact on liver function,and do not increase complications.