Objective:To analyze the correlation of serum interleukin 33 ( IL-33 ) , tumor necrosis factor α ( TNF-α) levels and nuclear factor κB ( NF-κB) protein expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes with the severity of coronary heart disease ( CHD) ,and explore its role and value in the development of CHD. Methods:A total of 167 patients ( CHD group ) admitted to Department of Cardiology with coronary angiography and confirmed as CHD were selected,and during the same period,27 cases with normal coronary angiography were confirmed as control group( CON group) . According to Gensini score,167 CHD patients were divided into mild lesion group( <30 points,LS group,84 cases),moderate lesion group(≥30 points to <60 points,MS group,54 cases),and severe lesion group(≥60 points,HS group,29 cases) . Serum IL-33 and TNF-α levels were detected by ELISA,the differences of IL-33 and TNF-α levels in different degrees of coronary artery disease were analyzed,and the correlation between IL-33,TNF-α levels and CHD was analyzed. Meanwhile,the peripheral blood lymphocytes in CHD group and CON group were collected for protein extraction,and NF-κB protein expression was detected by Western blotting. Results:Serum total cholesterol( TC) level in HS group was increased compared with that in CON group,LS group and MS group(P<0. 05),serum IL-33 and TNF-α levels in HS group were increased compared with those in MS group, LS group and CON group, and these parameters were gradually increased with the aggravation of coronary artery disease(P<0. 01). There was a positive correlation between serum IL-33,TNF-α levels and coronary artery disease(r=0. 663,P<0. 01). The NF-κB protein expression in CHD group was significantly higher than that in CON group(P<0. 01). Conclusions:With the increasing degree of coronary artery disease,serum IL-3 and TNF-α levels were gradually increased,and there was a certain degree of linear correlation. NF-κB protein expression in CHD group was significantly increased compared with that in CON group.